Although efforts have been made to improve the pharmacological treatment of depression,approximately one-third of patients with depression do not respond to conventional therapy using *** potential non-pharmacological...
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Although efforts have been made to improve the pharmacological treatment of depression,approximately one-third of patients with depression do not respond to conventional therapy using *** potential non-pharmacological therapies have been studied in the last years,including the use of mesenchymal stem cell therapies to treat *** therapies are reviewed here since it is clinically relevant to develop innovative therapeutics to treat psychiatric *** data corroborate that mesenchymal stem cell therapy could be considered a potential treatment for depression based on its antiinflammatory and neurotrophic ***,some clinical trials involving treatment of depression with stem cells are in progress,but with no published *** studies and other future clinical investigations will be crucial to define how much mesenchymal stem cells can effectively be used in psychiatric clinics as a strategy for supporting depression treatment.
Previous investigations suggest association between obesity and Ala16Val MnSOD gene polymorphism. The V allele produces enzyme which not catalyze the superoxide anion efficiently as occurs with A allele. As obesity is...
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Previous investigations suggest association between obesity and Ala16Val MnSOD gene polymorphism. The V allele produces enzyme which not catalyze the superoxide anion efficiently as occurs with A allele. As obesity is related to development of other metabolic disorders we performed a study that analyzed the effect of interaction between Ala16Val MnSOD polymorphism and obesity on lipid, oxidative and inflammatory biomarkers of adult subjects. The study enrolled 161 volunteers as categorized in six groups with different genotypes: Obeses with different genotypes (AAO, VVO and AVO) and nonobese (AANO, VVNO and AVNO). In general the group AANO presented lower values whereas VVO presented higher values of biomarkers analyzed. These results suggest that oxidative metabolism influenced by genetic status could to minimize or maximize the obesity effects on lipid, oxidative and inflammatory biomarkers that are also implicated in the genesis of important dysfunctions and diseases as atherosclerosis, diabetes 2 and cardiovascular morbidities.
Li (lithium), a mood stabilizer has anti-inflammatory effect. However, in clinical practice, Li can be administered together with other antidepressants drugs, such as FLX (fluoxetine), IMI (imipramine), NOR (no...
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Li (lithium), a mood stabilizer has anti-inflammatory effect. However, in clinical practice, Li can be administered together with other antidepressants drugs, such as FLX (fluoxetine), IMI (imipramine), NOR (nortriptyline) and ESC (escitalopram). As interaction between Li and these antidepressant drugs on inflammatory modulation has not been investigated yet, we performed an in vitro protocol using a non-human macrophage cell line. Oxidative and inflammatory markers, as well as cell cycle analysis and cytokine gene expressions were compared among treatments. An IR (inflammatory ratio) was calculated based on the following oxidative-inflammatory variables: nitric oxide, superoxide anion, reactive oxygen molecules, cytokines IL-113, IL-6, TNF-ct and IL-10. The in vitro calculated IR data were validated through an in vivo analysis of 154 human subjects with similar IR. Li and control cells presented similar IR values. FLX, NOR and IMI increased slightly IR values indicating some proinflammatory effect, whereas ESC decreased IR values indicating some anti-inflammatory effect. However, cells exposed to Li + ESC triggered a proinflammatory response on macrophages. Thus, IR comparison results suggest that the Li anti-inflammatory effect is not universal and could be influenced by both basal macrophage-inflammatory state and interaction of other psychiatric drugs. These results could be useful to understand some inconsistencies observed in human studies involving Li and other psychiatric drugs.
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