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International Journal of Disaster Risk science 2018年第2期9卷 224-236页

作者： Lino Naranjo Michael H.Glantz sayat Temirbekov ivan J.Ramírez Consortium for Capacity Building/INsTAAR University of Colorado Department of Anthropology Colorado State University Colorado school of Public Health Colorado State University

The aim of this pilot study conducted by the consortium for capacity building was to develop a prototype concept and methodology for the classification and visualization of the geographic impacts of El Nio on annual climates and seasonality. Our study is based on the Kppen–Geiger climate classification scheme for a set of selected countries affected by strong El Nios in Latin America. By identifying and visualizing the annual and seasonal changes in regional, national, or subnational climate regimes that generally accompany an El Nio event,this research proposes an efficient way to detect and describe climate shifts and variability across time and space. such knowledge provides a support tool for risk analysis and can potentially enhance government efforts of climate risk management, including disaster risk reduction activities that prevent, mitigate, and improve coping responses to El Nio-related hydrometeorological *** of the conceptual approach and methodology to classifying and mapping El Nio's impacts are described and explained using the Central American and circumCaribbean region as a case study. The potential applications for disaster risk reduction as well as its limitations and future work are also discussed.

关键词： Caribbean Central America Disaster risk reduction El Nio impacts El Nio seasonality Kppen–Geiger classification

Regulatory Role of Free Fatty Acids (FFAs)—Palmitoylation and Myristoylation

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Food and Nutrition sciences 2013年第9期4卷 202-211页

作者： Chung s. Kim ivan A. Ross Center for Food safety and Applied Nutrition Division of Toxicology Office of Applied Research and Safety Assessment Food and Drug Administration Laurel USA.

Multicellular organisms use chemical messengers to transmit signals among organelles and to other cells. Relatively small hydrophobic molecules such as lipids are excellent candidates for this signaling purpose. In most proteins, palmitic acid and other saturated and some unsaturated fatty acids are esterified to the free thiol of cysteines and to the N-amide terminal. This palmitoylation process enhances the surface hydrophobicity and membrane affinity of protein substrates and plays important roles in modulating proteins’ trafficking, stability, and sorting etc. Protein palmitoylation has been involved in numerous cellular processes, including signaling, apoptosis, and neuronal transmission. The palmitoylation process is involved in multiple diseases such as Huntington’s disease, various cardiovascular and T-cell mediated immune disorders, as well as cancer. Protein palmitoylation through the thioester (s-acylation) is unique in that it is the only reversible lipid modification. Our study on lipopolysaccharide (LPs) and deoxynivalenol (DON) treatment to rats provides some insights to the complex role of protein palmitoylation in chemical and microbial toxicity. In contrast, myrisoylated proteins contain the 14-carbon fatty acid myristate attached via amide linkage to the N-terminal glycine residue of protein, and occur cotranslationally. The bacterial outer membrane enzyme lipid A palmitoyltransferase (PagP) confers resistance to host immune defenses by transferring a palmitate chain from a phospholipid to the lipid A component of LPs. PagP is sensitive to cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMP) which are included among the products of the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signal transduction pathway. This modification of lipid A with a palmitate appears to both and protects the pathogenic bacteria from host immune defenses and attenuates the activation of those same defenses through the TLR4 signal transduction pathway.

关键词： Free Fatty Acids Palmitoylation Myristoylation Microbial and Chemical Toxicity Innate Immune Response

Colony contact contributes to the diversity of gut bacteria in bumblebees （Bombus terrestris）

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Insect science 2017年第2期24卷 270-277页

作者： Annelies Billiet ivan Meeus Filip Van Nieuwerburgh Dieter Deforce Felix Wackers Guy smagghe Laboratory of Agrozoology Department of Crop Protection Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Ghent University B-9000 Ghent Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ghent University B-9000 Ghent BiobestNV B-2260 Westerlo Belgium

social bees, like honeybees and bumblebees, have a close contact with nest mates of different developmental stages and generations. This could enhance bacterial transfer between nest mates and offers opportunities for direct transfer of symbionts from one generation to the next, resulting in a stable host specific gut microbiota. Gut sym- bionts of honeybees and bumblebees have been suggested to contribute in digestion and protection against parasites and pathogens. Here we studied the impact of contact with the bumblebee colony on the colonization potential of the bacterial families （i.e., Neisseri- aceae, Orbaceae, Lactobacillaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae） occurring in the gut of adult bumblebees （Bombus terrestris）. Bacterial profiles of the gut microbiota of B. terrestris were determined based on the hypervariable V4 region of the 16s rRNA using paired-end Illumina sequencing. In our experiments, we created different groups in which we grad- ually reduced the contact with nest mates and hive material. We made 3 observations：（i） reducing the contact between the colony and the bumblebee during adult life resulted in a significant drop in the relative abundance ofLactobacillus bombicola and Lactobacillus bombi; （ii） Bifidobacteriaceae required contact with nest mates to colonize the gut of B. terrestris and a significant lower bacterial diversity was observed in bumblebees that were completely excluded from colony contact during the adult life; （iii） snodgrassella and Gilliamella were able to colonize the gut of the adult bumblebee without any direct contact with nest mates in the adult life stage. These results indicate the impact of the colony life on the diversity of the characteristic bumblebee gut bacteria.

关键词： bacterial transfer bumblebee gut Illumina sequencing microbiota social

Integrating Functional status Information into Knowledge Graphs to support self-Health Management

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Data Intelligence 2023年第3期5卷 636-662页

作者： Mauro Dragoni Tania Bailoni ivan Donadello Jean-Claude Martin Helena Lindgren Fondazione Bruno Kessler TrentoItaly Free University of Bolzano BolzanoItaly LIsN-CNRs Universite Paris SaclayParisFrance Umea University UmeaSweden

Functional status Information(FsI)describes physical and mental wellness at the whole-person *** includes information on activity performance,social role participation,and environmental and personal factors that affect the well-being and quality of *** and analyzing this information is critical to address the needs for caring for an aging global population,and to provide effective care for individuals with chronic conditions,multi-morbidity,and *** knowledge graphs(PKGs)represent a suitable way for meaning in a complete and structured way all information related to people's FsI and reasoning over them to build tailored coaching solutions supporting them in daily life for conducting a healthy *** this paper,we present the development process related to the creation of a PKG by starting from the HeLis ontology in order to enable the design of an Al-enabled system with the aim of increasing,within people,the self-awareness of their own functional *** particular,we focus on the three modules extending the HeLis ontology aiming to represent(i)enablers and(ii)barriers playing potential roles in improving(or deteriorating)own functional status and(iii)arguments driving the FsI collection ***,we show how these modules have been instantiated into real-world scenarios.

关键词： Knowledge Graph Personal Healthcare Functional status Enablers Barriers Arguments

Astrocytes protect dopaminergic neurons against aminochrome neurotoxicity

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第9期17卷 1861-1866页

作者： Juan segura-Aguilar Bengt Mannervik JoséInzunza Mukesh Varshney ivan Nalvarte Patricia Muñoz Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology ICBM Faculty of Medicine University of Chile SantiagoChile Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics Arrhenius LaboratoriesStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden Department of Biosciences and Nutrition Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Nucleo de Química y Bioquímica Facultad de Estudios InterdisciplinariosUniversidad MayorSantiagoChile

Astrocytes protect neurons by modulating neuronal function and *** support neurons in several *** provide energy through the astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle,protect neurons from excitotoxicity,and internalize neuronal lipid droplets to degrade fatty acids for neuronal metabolic and synaptic support,as well as by their high capacity for glutamate uptake and the conversion of glutamate to glutamine.A recent reported astrocyte system for protection of dopamine neurons against the neurotoxic products of dopamine,such as aminochrome and other o-quinones,were generated under neuromelanin synthesis by oxidizing dopamine catechol *** secrete glutathione transferase M2-2 through exosomes that transport this enzyme into dopaminergic neurons to protect these neurons against aminochrome *** role of this new astrocyte protective mechanism in Parkinson´s disease is discussed.

关键词： aminochrome astrocytes dopamine dopaminergic neurons exosomes glutathione transferase M2-2 neuroprotection Parkinson’s disease

Remote sensing of soil degradation:Pro gress andperspective

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International soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第3期11卷 429-454页

作者： Jingzhe Wang Jianing Zhen Weifang Hu songchao Chen ivan Lizaga Mojtaba Zeraatpisheh Xiaodong Yang school of Artificial Intelligence Shenzhen PolytechnicShenzhen518055China state Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information system Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130102China Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou510640China ZJU-Hangzhou Global scientific and Technological Innovation Center Hangzhou311200China Isotope Bioscience Laboratory-IsOFYs Department of Green Chemistry and TechnologyGhent UniversityCoupure Links 6539000GhentBelgium Rubenstein school of Environment and Natural Resources University of Vermont81 Carrigan DriveBurlingtonVT05405USA Gund Institute for Environment University of Vermont210 Colchester AveBurlingtonVT05401USA Department of Geography and spatial Information Technology Ningbo UniversityNingbo315211China

soils constitute one of the most critical natural resources and maintaining their health is vital for agricultural development and ecological sustainability,providing many essential ecosystem *** by climatic variations and anthropogenic activities,soil degradation has become a global issue that seriously threatens the ecological environment and food *** sensing(Rs)technologies have been widely used to investigate soil degradation as it is highly efficient,time-saving,and *** review encompasses recent advances and the state-of-the-art of ground,proximal,and novel Rs techniques in soil degradation-related *** reviewed the Rs-related indicators that could be used for monitoring soil degradation-related *** direct indicators(mineral composition,organic matter,surface roughness,and moisture content of soil)and indirect proxies(vegetation condition and land use/land cover change)for evaluating soil degradation were comprehensively *** results suggest that these above indicators are effective for monitoring soil degradation,however,no indicators system has been established for soil degradation monitoring to *** also discussed the Rs's mechanisms,data,and methods for identifying specific soil degradation-related phenomena(e.g.,soil erosion,salinization,desertification,and contamination).We investigated the potential relations between soil degradation and sustainable Development Goals(sDGs)and also discussed the challenges and prospective use of Rs for assessing soil *** further advance and optimize technology,analysis and retrieval methods,we identify critical future research needs and directions:(1)multi-scale analysis of soil degradation;(2)availability of Rs data;(3)soil degradation process modelling and prediction;(4)shared soil degradation dataset;(5)decision support systems;and(6)rehabilitation of degraded soil resource and the contribution of Rs *** it is difficult to moni

关键词： soil degradation Remote sensing soil properties Earth observation sustainable development goals

不锈钢和CFRP混合配筋预应力混凝土梁的延性和变形性能

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工程力学 2005年第3期22卷 190-197页

作者：方志 T.ivan Campbell 湖南大学土木工程学院湖南长沙410082 Department of Civil Engineering Queen’s University Kingston Ontario Canada K7L 3N6

由于FRP(fiber-reinforcedpolymer/Plastics)材料直到拉断还表现出线弹性的力学性能,使得采用FRP配筋的混凝土结构延性较差,且已成为这类结构应用中人们所关注的一个主要问题。研究了不锈钢和CFRP(Carbonfiber-reinforcedpolymer/Plastics)混合配筋部分粘结、部分预应力混凝土梁的延性和变形特性。分析时假定这类梁的截面在加载过程中具有3折线的弯矩-曲率关系,而在卸载过程中截面的弯矩-曲率关系假定为线性,据此提出了这类梁受力全过程的非线性分析方法,并以试验结果验证了其适用性。基于能量耗散的观点引入了反映这类梁延性特性的延性指标,并利用所提分析方法对这类梁的延性进行了参数分析。分析结果表明:增加混凝土极限压应变和预应力束的无粘结部分长度可以有效地增加这类梁的变形性能,但对延性的增加却很有限,而且这两个参数对梁延性和变形性能的影响程度还强烈依赖于梁的破坏形态。

关键词：混凝土预应力不锈钢碳纤维(CFRP) 梁延性

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热处理低温钠长石的EPR和X射线衍射研究

矿物学报 1989年第4期9卷 296-303页

作者：富毓德 ivan Petrov s.s.Hafner 中国科学院地球化学研究所联邦德国马尔堡大学矿物与结晶学研究所

利用电子顺磁共振(EPR)和X射线衍射方法研究了天然和热处理钠长石单晶。热处理在500—850℃水热条件下完成。在外加磁场B平行于晶体c~*轴的方向上,测量了加热前后Fe^(3+)的EPR谱和线宽△B随温度和加热时间的变化。结果显示,线宽随Al、s... 详细信息

利用电子顺磁共振(EPR)和X射线衍射方法研究了天然和热处理钠长石单晶。热处理在500—850℃水热条件下完成。在外加磁场B平行于晶体c~*轴的方向上,测量了加热前后Fe^(3+)的EPR谱和线宽△B随温度和加热时间的变化。结果显示,线宽随Al、si无序的增大而增加。由此得出结论,在低温钠长石中,Fe^(3+)位于Al^(3+)占据的T_1(o)位置,在被研究的温度范围内,Fe^(3+)未参与四面体位置T间Al、si交换。谱线的加宽主要是由在Fe^(3+)邻近位置上Al、si无序的增大引起的,同时与观测到的晶胞参数变化有关。在Al、si无序更强的晶体中,Fe^(3+)谱变得极宽。

关键词：钠长石矿物热处理 EPR X射线衍射

Bandwidth limits of luminescent solar concentrators as detectors in free-space optical communication systems

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Light(science & Applications) 2021年第1期10卷 29-40页

作者： Mark Portnoi Paul Anthony Haigh Thomas JM acdonald Filip Ambroz ivan PParkin Izzat Darwazeh loannis Papakonstantinou Photonic Innovations Lab Department of Electronic and Electrical EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondon WC1E 7JEUK school of Engineering University of NewcastleNewcastle NE17RUUK Department of Chemistry Imperial College LondonLondon W12 OBZUK Department of Chemistry University College LondonLondon WC1H OAJUK Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University College LondonLondon WC1E 7JEUK

Luminescent solar concentrators(LsCs)have recently emerged as a promising receiver technology in free-space optical communications due to their inherent ability to collect light from a wide field-of-view and concentrate it into small areas,thus leading to high optical *** high-speed communication systems integrating LsCs in their detector blocks have already been demonstrated,with the majority of efforts so far being devoted to maximising the received optical power and the system's ***,LsCs may pose a severe bottleneck on the bandwidth of such communication channels due to the comparably slow timescale of the fluorescence events involved,a situation further aggravated by the inherent reabsorption in these systems,and yet,an in-depth study into such dynamic effects remains absent in the *** fill this gap,we have developed a comprehensive analytical solution that delineates the fundamental bandwidth limits of LsCs as optical detectors in arbitrary free-space optical links,and establishes their equivalence with simple RC low-pass electrical ***,we demonstrate a time-domain Monte Carlo simulation platform,an indispensable tool in the multiparameter optimisation of LsC-based receiver *** work offers vital insight into LsC system dynamic behaviour and paves the way to evaluate the technology for a wide range of applications,including visible light communications,high-speed video recording,and real-time biological imaging,to name a few.

关键词： communication integrating devoted

碱性长石中Fe^(3+)在四面体位置间交换动力学的EPR研究

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矿物学报 1989年第2期9卷 97-103页

作者：富毓德 ivan Petrov s.s.Hafner 中国科学院地球化学研究所联邦德国马尔堡大学矿物学与结晶学研究所

在加热条件下,利用EPR方法研究了碱性长石中不同四面体位置间的Fe^(3+)、Al^(3+)交换。低温钠长石和透长石晶体分别在水热,1 kbar,500—900℃和干加热,1050℃条件下加热。在低温钠长石中,加热后Fe^(3+)线被加宽,当温度为800℃时,除T_1(o... 详细信息

在加热条件下,利用EPR方法研究了碱性长石中不同四面体位置间的Fe^(3+)、Al^(3+)交换。低温钠长石和透长石晶体分别在水热,1 kbar,500—900℃和干加热,1050℃条件下加热。在低温钠长石中,加热后Fe^(3+)线被加宽,当温度为800℃时,除T_1(o)位置外,没有出现其余四面体位置Fe^(3+)产生的谱线。透长石在1050℃加热1300h后,T_1和T_2线的相对强度发生了变化。实验表明,在碱性长石中不同四面体间Fe^(3+)、Ak^(3+)和Fe^(3+)、si^(4+)交换与Al^(3+)、si^(4+)交换比较,前者速度要缓慢得多。

关键词：长石碱性 Fe^3+ 动力学 EPR法