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Floristic Composition, Population Structure, and Recruitment Status of Plant Species: A Case Study of Farmer-Managed Natural Regeneration Practices in Arid and Semi-Arid Lands in Kenya

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Open Journal of Forestry 2024年第2期14卷 141-154页

作者： Simon Kosgei Choge Samson Okoth Ojunga Dub Isacko Dokata William Kimen Chepkirui Justus Musau Faith Milkah Muniale ivan Kiplagat Kiptui Kenya Forestry Research Institute-Rift Valley Eco-Region Research Program Marigat Kenya Kenya Forestry Research Institute-Lake Victoria Eco-Region Research Program Kisumu Kenya Kenya Forestry Research Institute-Rift Valley Eco-Region Research Program Londiani Kenya CRIFSUP Project World Vision Kenya Nairobi Kenya

The technique of Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration (FMNR) is being promoted as a cost-effective approach for restoring degraded arable dry lands. Its effectiveness has been observed in many countries across the globe, where it is a traditional practice, and is now being encouraged across the African continent. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of FMNR on floristic Composition, Vegetation Structure, and Regeneration Status of woody Plant Species in the severely degraded Central Rift, Kenya. The study systematically assessed how FMNR influenced species composition, vegetation structure and regeneration status from two sample plots involved in FMNR practices. Transect lines and quadrats methods were utilized to collect data, specifically regarding the floristic composition, vegetation structure, and regeneration status of woody plant species. Quadrats and sub-quadrats of varying sizes (10 m by 10 m, 5 m by 5 m, and 1 m by 1 m) were nested along the transect lines for data collection. Furthermore, measurements of tree growth and development, including root collar diameter, diameter at breast height (D130) and heights within the study blocks, were taken. The data was then analyzed using R-software. Results showed a marked progressive increase in numbers of trees, saplings, seedlings, shrubs and herbs in all FMNR sites and reductions in all non-FMNR sites. The study advocates for widespread promotion of the FMNR practice both as an environmental conservation and restoration strategy.

关键词： Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration FMNR Floristic Composition Vegetation Structure Regeneration Biodiversity

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Influence of Statins and Fibrates Drugs on Bone Health and Regeneration

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Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 1-24页

作者： Octavio Santiago ivan Nadir Camal Ruggieri Marina Ribeiro Paulini Valéria Paula Sassoli Fazan João Paulo Mardegan Issa Sara Feldman LABOATEM Laboratory of Bone Biology and Tissue Engineering School of Medicine Rosario National University Ros&#225rio Argentina School of Dentistry of Ribeirã o Preto University of S&#227o Paulo (FORP/USP) Ribeir&#227o Preto S&#227o Paulo Brazil School of Medicine of Ribeirã o Preto University of S&#227o Paulo (FMRP/USP) Ribeir&#227o Preto S&#227o Paulo Brazil

In the medical and dental field, the importance and need for the study of materials and drugs for use as bone grafts or regeneration in injured areas due to the presence of fractures, infections or tumors that cause extensive loss of bone tissue is observed. Bone is a specialized, vascularized and dynamic connective tissue that changes throughout the life of the organism. When injured, it has a unique ability to regenerate and repair without the presence of scars, but in some situations, due to the size of the defect, the bone tissue does not regenerate completely. Thus, due to its importance, there is a great development in therapeutic approaches for the treatment of bone defects through studies that include autografts, allografts and artificial materials used alone or in association with bone grafts. Pharmaceuticals composed of biomaterials and osteogenic active substances have been extensively studied because they provide potential for tissue regeneration and new strategies for the treatment of bone defects. Statins work as specific inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoAreductase). They represent efficient drugs in lowering cholesterol, as they reduce platelet aggregation and thrombus deposition;in addition, they promote angiogenesis, reduce the β-amyloid peptide related to Alzheimer’s disease and suppress the activation of T lymphocytes. Furthermore, these substances have been used in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia and coronary artery disease. By inhibiting HMG-CoAreductase, statins not only inhibit cholesterol synthesis, but also exhibit several other beneficial pleiotropic effects. Therefore, there has been increasing interest in researching the effects of statins, including Simvastatin, on bone and osteometabolic diseases. However, statins in high doses cause inflammation in bone defects and inhibit osteoblastic differentiation, negatively contributing to bone repair. Thus, different types of studies with different conc

关键词： Bone Statins Rosuvastatin Sinvastatin Fibrates Fenofibrate Bone Regeneration

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高温后再生保温混凝土损伤劣化数值分析

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太原理工大学学报 2024年第5期55卷 892-904页

作者：刘淑钰苗艳春李明厚李贝贝 SELYUTINA Nina SMIRNOV ivan 刘元珍张玉太原理工大学土木工程学院太原030024 Saint Petersburg State University St.Petersburg 199034Russia

【目的】内部多孔且高温稳定的玻化微珠(glazed hollow beads,GHB)可在一定程度上减缓混凝土的高温损伤劣化,提升混凝土的抗火性能。为了进一步明确GHB改善混凝土抗火性能的机理,从细观尺度出发,提出一种可考虑初始缺陷和再生骨料(recyc... 详细信息

【目的】内部多孔且高温稳定的玻化微珠(glazed hollow beads,GHB)可在一定程度上减缓混凝土的高温损伤劣化,提升混凝土的抗火性能。为了进一步明确GHB改善混凝土抗火性能的机理,从细观尺度出发,提出一种可考虑初始缺陷和再生骨料(recycled coarse aggregate,RCA)取代率的再生保温混凝土(recycled aggregate concrete mixed with glazed hollow beads,RATIC)细观模型的建模方法。【方法】利用现阶段比较常用的塑性损伤模型,探究了RCA取代率(0,50%,100%)、GHB含量(0,70%,100%)和孔隙率(0,2%,4%)对于高温后RATIC力学性能的影响。【结果】结果表明:随着受火温度的提高,荷载作用下RATIC试件的损伤分布均呈现出逐渐加剧的趋势,且500℃后,试件的损伤分布较400℃之前严重。GHB的加入可在一定程度上缓减混凝土内部的损伤劣化,而RCA的加入会加剧此现象。此外,随着孔隙率增大,RATIC试件的强度逐渐变低。

关键词：再生保温混凝土随机骨料模型单轴抗压高温孔隙率

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Global warming scenarios for the Eastern Adriatic Sea indicate a higher risk of invasiveness of non-native marine organisms relative to current climate conditions

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第1期6卷 143-154页

作者： Branko Glamuzina Lorenzo Vilizzi Marina Piria Ante Zuljevic Ana Bratos Cetinic Ana Pesic Branko Dragicevic Lovrenc Lipej Marijana Pecarevic Vlasta Bartulovic Sanja Grđan ivan Cvitkovic Tatjana Dobroslavic Ana Fortic Luka Glamuzina Borut Mavric Jovana Tomanic Marija Despalatovic Domen Trkov Marina Brailo Scepanovic Zoran Vidovic Predrag Simonovic Sanja Matic-Skoko Pero Tutman Department of Applied Ecology University of DubrovnikDubrovnikCroatia Department of Ecology and Vertebrate Zoology Faculty of Biology and Environmental ProtectionUniversity of LodzLodzPoland Faculty of Agriculture Department of FisheriesApicultureWildlife Management and Special ZoologyUniversity of ZagrebZagrebCroatia Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries SplitCroatia Institute of Marine Biology University of MontenegroKotorMontenegro National Institute of Biology Marine Biology Station PiranPiranSlovenia Teacher Education Faculty University of BelgradeBelgradeSerbia Faculty of Biology University of BelgradeBelgradeSerbia

Globally,marine bioinvasions threaten marine ecosystem structure and function,with the Mediterranean Sea being one of the most affected *** invasions are expected to increase due to climate *** conducted a risk screening of marine organisms(37 fishes,38 invertebrates,and 9 plants),both extant and‘horizon’(i.e.,not present in the area but likely to enter it).Based on expert knowledge for the Eastern Adriatic Sea coasts of Slovenia,Croatia,and Montenegro,screenings were conducted under both current and predicted climate conditions indicating with an increase in sea surface temperature and salinity of the Adriatic Sea together with changes in precipitation *** aims were to:(1)identify non-native extant and horizon marine species that may pose threats to native biodiversity and(2)evaluate the risk of invasiveness of the selected species under current and predicted climate *** the 84 species screened,there was an increase in those ranked as‘high risk’from 33(39.3%)under current climate conditions and to 47(56.0%)under global warming *** those ranked as‘very high’risk,the increase was from 6(7.1%)to 21(25.0%).Amongst the screened species,the already established high-risk species Pacific oyster Magallana gigas and Atlantic blue crab Callinectes sapidus represent a threat to ecosystem *** the under-representation of marine species in the current European Union List,the species we have ranked as high to very high risk should be included.

关键词： AS-ISK Early detection Introduction vectors/pathways Invasive species Rapid response

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The State of Geological Sciences in the USSR by the Mid-Twentieth Century

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Chinese Annals of History of Science and Technology 2024年第1期8卷 125-130页

作者： ivan Petrovich VTOROV Department for the History of Geology Geological InstituteRussian Academy of SciencesMoscow 119017Russia

The November 1948 open session of the Institute of Geological Sciences AS USSR was previously unknown,in contrast to the August 1948 session of *** publication of the transcript of the session of geologists is based on the original verified transcript from the Geological Institute and the Archive *** presented reports on the main scientific directions of geology:stratigraphy,the Quaternary geology,lithology,geotectonics,petrography and petrology,mineralogy and geochemistry,and the geology of ore and coal *** thick book details all the Q&A sessions,discussions of theories,methods,and practice among the leading Soviet *** session and its resolution describe the situation and development of geology in the USSR in the mid-twentieth century as well as the collateral impact of the Lysenko affair on the earth sciences in the USSR.

关键词： history of geology geological sciences book review 1948 session VASKhNIL 1948 session of the Institute of Geological Sciences AS USSR

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Hordedane diterpenoid phytoalexins restrict Fusarium graminearum infection but enhance Bipolaris sorokiniana colonization of barley roots

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Molecular Plant 2024年第8期17卷 1307-1327页

作者： Yaming Liu Dario Esposto Lisa K.Mahdi Andrea Porzel Pauline Stark Hidayat Hussain Anja Scherr-Henning Simon Isfort Ulschan.Bathe ivan F.Acosta Alga Zuccaro Gerd U.Balcke Alain Tissier Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology Leibniz Institute of Plant BiochemistryHalleGermany Institute for Plant Sciences Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences(CEPLAS)Cologne BiocenterUniversity of CologneCologneGermany Department of Bioorganic Chemistry Leibniz Institute of Plant BiochemistryHalleGermany Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research CologneGermany Horticultural Sciences University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA.

Plant immunity is a multilayered process that includes recognition of patterns or effectors from pathogens to elicit defense *** include the induction of a cocktail of defense metabolites that typically restrict pathogen ***,we investigate the interaction between barley roots and the fungal pathogens Bipolaris sorokiniana(Bs)and Fusarium graminearum(Fg)at the metabolite *** identify hordedanes,a previously undescribed set of labdane-related diterpenoids with antimicrobial properties,as critical players in these *** of barley roots by Bs and Fg elicits hordedane synthesis from a 60o-kb gene *** reconstruction of the biosynthesis pathway in yeast and Nicotiana benthamiana produced several hordedanes,including one of the most functionally decorated products 19-β-hydroxy-hordetrienoic acid(19-OH-HTA).Barley mutants in the diterpene synthase genes of this cluster are unable to produce hordedanes but,unexpectedly,show reduced Bs *** contrast,colonization by Fusarium graminearum,another fungal pathogen of barley and wheat,is 4-fold higher in the mutants completely lacking ***,19-OH-HTA enhances both germination and growth of Bs,whereas it inhibits other pathogenic fungi,including *** of microscopy and transcriptomics data suggest that hordedanes delay the necrotrophic phase of *** together,these results show that adapted pathogens such as Bs can subvert plant metabolic defenses to facilitate root colonization.

关键词： barley Hordeum vulgare diterpenoid phytoalexins gene cluster pathogenic fungi Bipolaris sorokininiana Fusarium graminearum

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Maternal Group B Streptococcus Infection Correlates Inversely With Preeclampsia in Pregnant African American Women

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Maternal-Fetal Medicine 2024年第1期6卷 23-28页

作者： Keun Soo Kwon Tzu Hsuan Cheng Simone A。Reynolds Jordan Zhou Huchong Cai Sharon Lee ivan Velickovic Mudar Dalloul David Wlody Ming Zhang Department of Anesthesiology State University of New York-Downstate Health Sciences UniversityNew York 11203USA Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthState University of New York-Downstate Health Sciences UniversityNew York 11203USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology State University of New York-Downstate Health Sciences UniversityNew York 11203USA

Objective:To determine whether an association exists between group B Streptococcus(GBS)colonization and preeclampsia among pregnant Black ***:This retrospective cross-sectional study involved Black women who gave birth at State University of New York Downstate Hospital between January 2010 and December *** were collected from the Obstetric Department,including delivery date,time,mode of delivery,age of the mother,weeks of gestation at delivery,and antepartum *** GBS test results were originally determined using the eSwab transport *** was defined based on the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists criteria for the periods 2010–2012 and 2013–*** primary outcome was whether GBS was associated with the outcome of preeclampsia in the population of Black ***,including smoking status,gestational age,parity,body mass index,maternal age,and presence of herpes simplex virus(HSV)and human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)were examined as potential ***-squared test and logistic regression model were used,presenting odds ratios with 95%confidence intervals(P<0.050),analyzed with SAS on Demand for Academics(SAS Institute,Inc.,NY).Results:Among the 8,019 Black women included in this study,GBS-positive women(n=977)had a 53%reduction in the likelihood of being diagnosed with preeclampsia compared to GBS-negative women(adjusted odds ratio,0.47;95%confidence interval,0.32–0.70).We did not find evidence of differences in the distribution of smoking habits(P=0.783)or maternal age(P=0.107)between GBS-positive and GBS-negative ***,the GBS-positive women tended to be less likely to have a preterm delivery(9.62%(94/977)vs.24.24%(1707/7042),P<0.001),less likely to be nulliparous(33.37%(326/977)vs.37.87%(2667/7042),P=0.006),and less likely to be obese(51.38%(502/977)vs.55.30%(3894/7042),P<0.001)compared with GBS-negative *** contrast,GBS-positive women were more likely to have a comorbid infecti

关键词： Pregnancy outcome Preeclampsia GBS colonization African American Afro-Caribbean

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Author Correction: ITO-free silicon-integrated perovskite electrochemical cell for light-emission and light-detection

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2024年第3期7卷 50-50页

作者： Maria Baeva Dmitry Gets Artem Polushkin Aleksandr Vorobyov Aleksandr Goltaev Vladimir Neplokh Alexey Mozharov Dmitry VKrasnikov Albert GNasibulin ivan Mukhin Sergey Makarov Alferov University Khlopina 8/3St.Petersburg 194021Russia Department of Physics and Engineering ITMO UniversityLomonosova 9St.Petersburg 197101Russia Institute of Automation and Control Processes(IACP) Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesUlitsa Radio 5Vladivostok 690041Primorsky KraiRussia Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University Polytechnicheskaya 29St.Petersburg 195251Russia Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology Nobel 3Moscow 121205Russia Qingdao Innovation and Development Center Harbin Engineering UniversityQingdao 266000China.

Correction to:Opto-Electronic Advances https://***/10.29026/oea.2023.220154 published online 26 April 2023 After the publication of this article1,it was brought to our attention that calculations of the PeLEC device elec-troluminescent(EL)efficiency contained a mistake,leading to an inaccurate quantity *** device’s maxim-um EL efficiency constitutes not‘~120 klm/W’but‘4.3 lm/W’*** details are listed below.

关键词： value. perovskite listed

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REGULARITY FOR A GENERALIZED JEFFREY'S INTEGRAL MODEL FOR VISCOELASTIC FLUIDS

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2015年第6期35卷 1251-1284页

作者： ivan SOUKUP Department of Numerical Mathematics Faculty of Mathematics and PhysicsCharles University in Prague

We prove a local existence of a strong solution v ：Ω×T→R^3 for a system of nonlinear integrodifferential equations describing motion of an incompressible viscoelastic fluid using standard mathematical tools. The problem is considered in a bounded, smooth domain ΩСR^3 with a Dirichlet boundary condition and a standard initial condition.

关键词： integral model viscoelastic fluid strong solution

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Topology of Moment-Angle Manifolds Arising from Flag Nestohedra

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2017年第6期38卷 1287-1302页

作者： ivan LIMONCHENKO School of Mathematical Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China.

The author constructs a family of manifolds, one for each n ≥ 2, having a nontrivial Massey n-product in their cohomology for any given n. These manifolds turn out to be smooth closed 2-connected manifolds with a compact torus Tm-action called momentangle manifolds ZP, whose orbit spaces are simple n-dimensional polytopes P obtained from an n-cube by a sequence of truncations of faces of codimension 2 only(2-truncated cubes). Moreover, the polytopes P are flag nestohedra but not graph-associahedra. The author also describes the numbers β^(-i,2(i+1))(Q) for an associahedron Q in terms of its graph structure and relates it to the structure of the loop homology(Pontryagin algebra)H_*(?ZQ), and then studies higher Massey products in H*(ZQ) for a graph-associahedron Q.

关键词： Moment-angle manifold Flag nestohedra Stanley-Reisner ring Masseyproducts Graph-associahedron

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