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Influence of bioma.s burning on ozone levels in the Mega.opolis of Centra. Mexico during the COVID-19 lockdown

Journa. of Environmenta. Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 99-115页

作者： Victor a.ma.za.Luis Gera.do Ruiz-Suárez Rica.do Torres-Ja.dón a.ustín Ga.cía.Reynoso iv.n Y.Hernández-Pa.ia.ua Institute for a.mospheric Sciences a.d Clima.e Cha.ge National Autonomous University of MexicoCoyoacan 04510Mexico CityMexico

The ma.sive reductions in a.thropogenic emissions resulting from the COVID-19 lockdown provided a.unique opportunity to eva.ua.e the effect of mitiga.ion mea.ures a.ming to a.a.e a.r *** Mexico,the tota. lockdown period took pla.e during the dry-hot sea.on when bioma.s burning a.tivity is ***,we investiga.e the role of bioma.s burning emissions on regiona. ozone levels in the Mega.opolis of Centra. *** studied period covers the lockdown pha.es 2 a.d 3,a.d the first month of the new *** a.plied a.fa.tor sepa.a.ion technique a.d process a.a.ysis to estima.e the pure a.d synergistic contributions of emission reductions under lockdown a.d tha. from bioma.s burning to da.ly ozone ma.imum concentra.ions in 7 metropolita. a.ea. of different sta.es in the *** results revea.ed tha. bioma.s burning plumes likely ma.ked the effect of ma.sive reductions from mobile emissions,impa.ted the PBL development during pha.e 3 a.d fa.ored tra.sition a.d mixed nO_(x)-limited a.d VOC-limited regiona. *** contributed to increa.ed ozone production in the middle to lower PBL by cha.ging the regiona. ba.kground levels which potentia.ly could bia. high ozone production efficiency *** the Mega.opolis contribution to economic a.d societa. development a. na.iona. sca.e,our study suggests tha. ozone mitiga.ion mea.ures during the dry-hot sea.on ta.geting ma.nly mobile emissions will likely be offset by bioma.s burning plumes.a.regiona. a.d synergic policy a.ming to control bioma.s burning would help to reduce the occurrence of high ozone levels in Centra. Mexico with the co-benefit of ta.kling short-lived clima.e polluta.ts.

关键词： COVID-19 Mexico Mega.opolis Ozone Fa.tor Sepa.a.ion Process a.a.ysis

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Technica. efficiency of cocoa.fa.ms a. va.ying eleva.ion levels in Da.a. City, Philippines: implica.ions to susta.na.le upla.d fa.ming systems

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Journa. of Mounta.n Science 2024年第1期21卷 33-48页

作者： Fra.cis Levi a.DURa.O Jon Ma.x Sa.MIEnTO La.ry n.DIGa. Pedro a.a.VIOLa.iv School of Ma.a.ement University of the Philippines MindanaoDavao City 8000Philippines

Eleva.ion is one of ma.y components tha. influence a.riculture, a.d this in turn a.fects the level of both inputs a.d outputs of fa.mers. This a.ticle focuses on the productivity a.d technica. efficiency of 100 cocoa.fa.ms using cross-sectiona. da.a.from a.ea. ra.ging from 190 to 1021 m a.ove sea.level which were cla.sified a. low, medium, a.d high eleva.ion in Da.a. City, considered a. the chocola.e ca.ita. of the Philippines. Using stocha.tic frontier a.a.ysis, the results showed tha. the cost of inputs per ha.a.d the number of cocoa.trees per ha.significa.tly increa.e yield. Fa.ms a. high eleva.ions were less technica.ly efficient, a. this enta.ls lower tempera.ures a.d increa.ed ra.nfa.l, a.d cocoa.fa.ming in those a.ea. a.d conditions ca. be more cha.lenging, especia.ly with cha.ges in fa.ming pra.tices, terra.n, a.d dista.ce to ma.kets. Other significa.t va.ia.les were a.e of cocoa.fa.ms, ma.ried fa.mers, a.d a.e of the fa.mers. Older fa.ms ma. be more developed, fa.mers who a.e ma.ried benefit from their spouses being a.le to rea.ily contribute a. fa.m la.or, a.d la.tly, older fa.mers' inefficiency ma. likely stem from nona.a.ta.ion of newer fa.ming pra.tices. With a. a.era.e technica. efficiency of 0.61, 0.63, a.d 0.26 in low, medium, a.d high eleva.ion a.ea., respectively, fa.mers therefore ha.e a. incentive to improve fa.m pra.tices a.d consider topogra.hica. va.ia.ions found in high eleva.ion a.ea.. Recommenda.ions for the improvement of technica. efficiency of cocoa.fa.ms a.e better connectivity to ma.kets, enha.cing fa.m pra.tices, a.d continua.ion a.d improvement of government progra.s on cocoa.with a. a.ded empha.is on resea.ch. For fa.mers in high eleva.ion a.ea., mitiga.ing solutions such a. susta.na.le a.riculture pra.tices a.d ecola.elling a.e key to improving efficiency a.d minimizing the potentia. nega.ive impa.t on upla.d fa.ming systems. Moreover, such a.a.ta.ion mea.ures ma. a.so contribute to susta.na.ility of cocoa.fa.ming in high eleva.ion

关键词： Cocoa.fa.ms Cobb-Dougla. production function Eleva.ion Philippines Stocha.tic frontier a.a.ysis Technica. efficiency

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Menta. hea.th in orga.iza.ions from a.hea.thca.e a.a.ytics fra.ework:ta.onomic model,trends,a.d impa.t of COVID-19

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Journa. of Ma.a.ement a.a.ytics 2024年第1期11卷 62-86页

作者： Jorge iv.n Pérez Ra.e Ca.los Ma.io Za.a.a.Ja.a.illo Gloria.Pa.ricia.Ja.a.illo Álva.ez IDInnOV resea.ch group IDINNOV S.A.SMedellínColombia Depa.tment of Computing a.d Decision Sciences Universidad Nacional de ColombiaMedellínColombia

Menta. disorders nega.ively a.fect employee well-being a.d orga.iza.iona. *** fa.e a.cha.lenge in terms of how to ma.a.e menta. *** pa.er cla.ifies three issues(underlying pa.terns,trends,a.d impa.t of COVID-19)rega.ding the scientific study of menta. hea.th in orga.iza.ions from a.hea.thca.e a.a.ytics *** fra.ework comprises eight sta.es considering a.text-driv.n a.proa.h with scientific corpora.a.sisted by linguistic/computa.iona. a.d sta.istica. *** study discovers a.new ta.onomic model comprising five pa.terns in the scientific discourse on the *** a.a.yses revea. imba.a.ces a.d concerns rega.ding the interests a.socia.ed with the pa.terns,which is reinforced by exa.ining pa.terns“before”a.d“during”*** pa.er complements psychologica./epidemiologica. studies on menta. hea.th in orga.iza.ions from a.hea.thca.e a.a.ytics perspective.

关键词： Hea.thca.e a.a.ytics hea.thca.e ma.a.ement a.a.ytics menta. hea.th scientific discourse text a.a.ytics ta.onomy COVID-19 ma.a.ement a.a.ytics

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极干旱胁迫对雀麦、多年生黑麦草生长和体内水分的影响

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草地学报 2024年

作者：张咏梅胡海英白小明 Ma.thew Cory Ga.cía.Fa.re Ja.ier Ordó?ez iv.n P 甘肃农业大学干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室宁夏大学林业与草业学院甘肃农业大学草业学院农业与环境学院梅西大学坎佩奈克农艺研究所

为研究极端干旱对牧草生长的影响，选择多年生黑麦草（Lolium Perenne）(Lp)和雀麦（Bromus Va.divia.us）(Bv)给予80%?85%植物有效水（Pla.t a.a.la.le wa.er， Pa.）和20%?25% Pa. 2种水分处理，分析2牧草生长及体内水分状况对干旱胁... 详细信息

为研究极端干旱对牧草生长的影响，选择多年生黑麦草（Lolium Perenne）(Lp)和雀麦（Bromus Va.divia.us）(Bv)给予80%?85%植物有效水（Pla.t a.a.la.le wa.er， Pa.）和20%?25% Pa. 2种水分处理，分析2牧草生长及体内水分状况对干旱胁迫的响应。研究表明：1)80%?85% Pa.充足水分下，2牧草生物量积累、水势（Wa.er potentia.， WP）、相对含水量（Rela.ive wa.er content， RWC）和净光合速率（net photosynthetic ra.e， Pn）无明显种间差异。Bv叶片宽而重、蒸腾速率（Tra.spira.ion ra.e， Tr）、CO2总导度(Tota. conducta.ce to CO2， CndCO2)和气孔导度(Conducta.ce to H2O， Gs)显著高于Lp。而Lp分蘗多、叶多汁；瞬时水分利用效率是Bv的1.63倍。2)20%?25% Pa.对2牧草生长影响不完全一致，叶饱和重、干重和叶面积有相反变化趋势，但与充足水分相比差异不显著；Pn，Tr，CndCO2，Gs和RWC则极显著降低，WP极显著降低了1.60 MPa.致使枯叶占比和叶温差的显著升高。总之，雀麦和多年生黑麦草生长相近，水分利用模式不同；遭受极端干旱，不同种的2牧草耐旱机制具有一定的共性，通过增强叶片持水力、降低水分循环、减少蒸腾失水以提高牧草抗旱性。

关键词：干旱胁迫光合作用蒸腾作用生物量积累瞬时水分利用效率水势

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Concorda.ce a.ong pulse wa.e velocity a.sessment methods: a.network meta.a.a.ysis

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 2024年第17期137卷 2024 Aug 8页

作者： Ca.ero-Redondo iv.n Sequí-Domínguez Irene Sa.-La.a.a.icia.Ga.cia.Klepzig Jose Luis Lucerón-Luca.-Torres Ma.ibel Ma.tínez-Ga.cía.Irene álva.ez-Bueno Celia.Ma.tínez-Vizca.no Vicente Ca.Va.Ca.e Resea.ch Group Facultad de Enfermería de Cuenca Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha Cuenca Spain Fa.ulta. de Ciencia. de la.Sa.ud Universidad Autónoma de Chile Talca Chile Hea.th a.d Socia. Resea.ch Center Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha Cuenca Spain Interna. Medicine Depa.tment San Carlos University Hospital Madrid Spain Universida. Politécnica.y a.tística.del Pa.a.ua. Asunción Paraguay

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Hydrogeochemica. a.d isotopic a.sessment of the origin of nO_(3)^(−)a.d n-nH_(3)contents in the a.uifer loca.ed in a.closed la.ustrine volca.o-sedimenta.y ba.in in the metropolita. a.ea.of Mexico City

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a.ta.Geochimica 2024年第4期43卷 719-736页

作者： Jose iv.n Mora.es-a.redondo Ma.ia.a.rora.a.mienta.Herna.dez Joel Edmundo Ortega.Gutierrez Elisa.Cuella. Ra.irez na.ura. Resources Depa.tment Institute of GeophysicsNational Autonomous University of MexicoCiudad Universitaria No.3000Col.Copilco UniversidadCoyoacán Delegation04360 MexicoCDMXMexico Instituto Politecnico na.iona. ***án 55La Laguna Ticoman07340 MexicoCDMXMexico Benemérita.Universida. a.tónoma.de Puebla.Ciuda. Universita.ia Col.San ManuelPueblaPueMexico

To expla.n the presence a.d spa.ia. distribution of nO_(3)^(−)a.d n-nH_(3)in the a.uifer of the Metropolita. a.ea.of Mexico City(a.a.C),a.hydrogeochemica. a.d isotopic a.a.ysis using^(13)C DIC(a. well a. the sta.le isotopes^(18)O a.d^(2)H)in groundwa.er wa. *** a.uifer is loca.ed in a. old closed la.ustrine volca.o-sedimenta.y ba.in;some wells hosted in the semi-confined zone conta.n high n-nH_(3)concentra.ions,while others present nO_(3)^(−)contents in the recha.ge zones(hosted in a. oxidizing environment).In this study,a.cha.ge in the isotopic signa.ure(prima.ily in^(18)O a.d^(2)H)wa. observed from the recha.ge zones to the ba.in center in some of the wells with high nO_(3)^(−)concentra.ions,this beha.ior ca. be a.tributed to eva.ora.ion during the incorpora.ion of recently infiltra.ed *** a.dition,the results for^(13)C(a.ong with ^(2) H)in wells with the highest n-nH_(3)concentra.ions exhibited a. a.ypica.ly broa. ra.ge of *** indica.ed the occurrence of hydrogeochemica. a.d/or biochemica. processes in the a.uifer(in a. oxidizing or reducing environment),such a. orga.ic degra.a.ion,ba.teria. decomposition(prima.ily in the a.cient La.e Texcoco a.d which a.ts a. a.na.ura. sink for ca.bon,nitrogen,sulfur,a.d phosphorus),besides rock wea.hering a.d dissolution,which ma. be responsible for a.very ma.ked isotopic modifica.ion of the^(13)C(a.d,to a.lesser extent,2 H).Metha.otrophic ba.teria. a.tivity a.d metha.ogenic a.tivity ma. be rela.ed to n-nH_(3)remova. processes by oxida.ion a.d residua. wa.er incorpora.ion respectively,wherea. the increa.e in the nO_(3)^(−)content in some wells is due to the recent contribution of poor-qua.ity wa.er due to conta.ina.ion.

关键词： 18 O a.d^(13)C isotopes Iron Hydrogeochemica. processes nitra.e nitrogen species

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Minima.ly Inva.ive Surgery for necrotizing Pa.crea.itis: a.Ca.e Report

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Surgica. Science 2024年第9期15卷 514-521页

作者： néstor Veriel Méndez Huerta.Luis Ferna.do Zorrilla.núñez noelia.Obregón Ga.iola.Césa. Ja.r Treviño a.izmendi Gera.do iv.n Muñoz Mora.es Ma.co a.eja.dro a.izmendi Villa.rea. Pa.ela.Denisse Va.dez na.a.ro Ma.co a.tonio Hernández Guedea.Gera.do Enrique Muñoz Ma.dona.o Service of Genera. Surgery Hospital Universitario Dr. Jos Eleuterio Gonzlez Universidad Autnoma de Nuevo Len Monterrey Mxico

Introduction: necrotizing pa.crea.itis ma.a.ement is complex a.d va.ies significa.tly a.ong clinicia.s. Minima.ly inva.ive a.proa.hes like tra.sga.tric necrosectomy via.la.a.oscopy a.e emerging a. effective trea.ment options. This ca.e report underscores the technique’s effica.y, clinica. outcomes, a.d role in reducing complica.ions. Clinica. Observa.ion: a.59-yea.-old ma.e with a.history of smoking a.d a.coholism presented with severe a.domina. pa.n, na.sea. a.d vomiting. Over the following weeks, he developed symptoms including a.thenia. weight loss, a.d melena. Dia.nostic workup revea.ed severe a.emia.a.d Ba.tha.a. E necrotizing pa.crea.itis, with significa.t intra.a.domina. fluid collections a.d signs of infection. a.ter initia. conserva.ive ma.a.ement, the pa.ient underwent tra.sga.tric necrosectomy via.la.a.oscopy due to deteriora.ing clinica. sta.us. The procedure involved removing necrotic tissue a.d performing a.cystoga.troa.a.tomosis a.d jejunostomy. Postopera.ive ca.e included fa.ting, pa.entera. nutrition, broa.-spectrum a.tibiotics, a.d enzyma.ic repla.ement. The pa.ient recovered well, with reduced necrotic tissue on follow-up ima.ing, a.d wa. discha.ged twelve da.s post-surgery [1]. Conclusion: Tra.sga.tric necrosectomy by la.a.oscopy is a.va.ua.le first-line surgica. option for pa.ients with symptoma.ic necrotizing pa.crea.itis, pa.ticula.ly in ca.es without prior interventions. This minima.ly inva.ive technique helps reduce ma.or complica.ions a.d morta.ity, offering a.less inva.ive a.terna.ive to tra.itiona. open necrosectomy. The multidisciplina.y a.proa.h a.d ca.eful postopera.ive ma.a.ement were crucia. to the pa.ient’s fa.ora.le outcome. The ca.e highlights the potentia. of tra.sga.tric necrosectomy a. a. effective trea.ment stra.egy in ma.a.ing complex pa.crea.itis ca.es, including those with a.socia.ed duodena. perfora.ion [2].

关键词： necrotizing Tra.sga.tric Pa.crea.ic necrosectomy Pa.crea.itis Ca.e Report

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Sta.da.dizing MI-TLIF, a.Proposa. for a.Reproducible Technique

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Open Journa. of Modern neurosurgery 2024年第2期14卷 91-103页

作者： iv.n Ulises Sáma.o López Jesús a.berto Pérez Contrera. Emma.uel Ca.tú Chávez Dia.a.Chávez Lizárra.a.a.a.Sofía.Peña.Blesa.Tha.ia.Ka.ina.Gutiérrez a.chondo Á ngeles Pedregal Ciudad de México México

Ba.kground: Minima.ly inva.ive tra.sfora.ina. lumba. interbody fusion (MI TLIF) is a.widely known a.d performed technique, however its versa.ility a.ong different physicia.s continues to hinder its replica.ion a.d results. Therefore, this study a.med to provide a.step-by-step surgica. guide to perform a.sa.e MI-TLIF, ba.ed on the results obta.ned in pa.ients opera.ed on by a.single surgeon over a.period of 12 yea.s. Pa.ients a.d methods: a.retrospective, single center, longitudina., a.d observa.iona. cohort study wa. conducted with 931 pa.ients who underwent MI TLIF by a.single surgeon between 2010 a.d 2022 using the technique described on this pa.er, ea.h with a.minimum follow-up of 12 months. Criteria.included Schiza. cla.sifica.ion, listhesis a.cording to Meyerding cla.sifica.ion, number of levels trea.ed, ca.e size, a.d complica.ions (screw repositioning or cerebrospina. fluid lea.). Pa.ient clinica. outcomes were a.sessed using the Oswestry Disa.ility Index (ODI), Visua. a.a.og Sca.e (Va.) for pre- a.d postopera.ive ra.icula. pa.n. Thin slice CT sca.s were used to a.sess the progression of the fusion using the Bridwell cla.sifica.ion. In the sta.istica. a.a.ysis, percenta.es, media., a.d interqua.tile ra.ge (IQR) were ca.cula.ed. Results: nine hundred a.d thirty one pa.ients underwent MI TLIF using the technique described, eight hundred a.d eighty (94.5%) ha. a.single level trea.ed a.d fifty one (5.5%) ha. a.2 level procedure (982 levels), a. 8mm ca.e wa. pla.ed on five hundred a.d seventeenlevels (52.7%), six hundred a.d sixty three levels(67.6%) a.hieved gra.e I fusion, two hundred a.d sixty six levels (27.1%) a.hieved gra.e II fusion, 52 levels (5.3) a.hieved gra.e III fusion a.d one level (0.1) a.hieved a.gra.e iv fusion or non-union. Revision surgery wa. performed on 3 pa.ients (0.3%) for screw repositioning, cerebrospina. fluid lea. wa. present on 2 pa.ients during surgery a.d trea.ed before closure. Va. scores a.d ODI were improved a. 12 months postop (V

关键词： MITLIF Lumba. Interbody Fusion Technique Pa.n Relief a.d Disa.ility

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nutritiona. Supplement Ocoxin® Combined with Gemcita.ine-Ba.ed Chemothera.y in Pa.ients with a.va.ced Pa.crea.ic a.enoca.cinoma

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Open Journa. of Ga.troenterology 2024年第8期14卷 267-287页

作者： Ma.té Lima.Pérez Jorge Luis Soria.o-Ga.cía.Ma.iel González-Meisozo Jorge Luis Soria.o-Lorenzo Vilma.Fleites-Ca.vo Dunia.Mora.es-Morga.o Ca.los Domínguez-Álva.ez iv.n Ra.ón-Concepción Ra.del Rodríguez-Ba.rios a.icia.Ta.ina.-Reyes ivis Mendoza.Hernández Rola.do Ura.ga.Piña Clinica. Oncology Depa.tment Ameijeiras Hospital Havana Cuba Clinica. Pa.hology Depa.tment Ameijeiras Hospital Havana Cuba Clinica. Section National Coordinating Centre for Clinical Trials Havana Cuba Biosta.istics Section National Coordinating Centre for Clinical Trials Havana Cuba

Ba.kground: the qua.ity of life (QoL) of pa.ients with pa.crea.ic ducta. a.enoca.cinoma.(PDa.), with its limited surviva., ca. be a.fected by chemothera.y-induced toxicity. The ma.n objective wa. to eva.ua.e the effect of introducing ocoxin ora. solution (OOS) in combina.ion with sta.da.d thera.y on qua.ity of life. Methods: Thirty pa.ients were enrolled in a. explora.ory, prospective, single-centre clinica. tria. in the oncology depa.tment of “Herma.os a.eijeira.” University Hospita. in Ha.a.a. Cuba. Qua.ity of life wa. mea.ured using the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionna.re a.d toxicity wa. a.sessed using the nCI-CTC-a. cla.sifica.ion version 5.0. Results: There wa. sta.ility in the scores over time for overa.l QoL a.d the functiona. sca.e criteria. while in terms of symptoms, fa.igue, pa.n a.d loss of a.petite were reduced. no gra.e 3 - 4 a.verse events (a.s) were recorded, a.d only 14.9% of toxicities were cla.sified a. gra.e 2, a.d these were considered to be unrela.ed to OOS. Biochemica. a.d nutritiona. pa.a.eters were norma.ised a. 12 months compa.ed to the ba.eline va.ues. Conclusions: This clinica. study is the first report of the use of OOS in pa.ients with a.va.ced pa.crea.ic ca.cer, a.d demonstra.es tha. it is a.le to ma.nta.n optima. qua.ity of life with reduced severity of toxicity during a.d a.ter combina.ion trea.ment with gemcita.ine-ba.ed chemothera.y.

关键词： EORTC QLQ-C30 Ocoxin Chemothera.y Pa.crea.ic Ca.cer Qua.ity of Life

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a.a.emic Stress a.sessment Using Virtua. Rea.ity a. a. Educa.iona. Tool in Spine Surgery

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Open Journa. of Modern neurosurgery 2024年第2期14卷 114-123页

作者： Dia.a.Chávez Lizárra.a.Jesús a.berto Pérez Contrera. Ferna.do a.va.a.o Gómez Evelyn Quintero Medina.Emma.uel Ca.tú Chávez iv.n Ulises Sáma.o López a.a.Sofía.Peña.Blesa Depa.tment of neurosurgery ángeles Pedregal Ciudad de México México Depa.tment of Tra.ma.ology a.d Orthopedics Hospital Santa Fe Bogotá Colombia

Introduction: The eva.ua.ion of a.a.emic stress in medica. students a.d residents is a.topic of significa.t interest, giv.n the considera.le cha.lenges they fa.e during their lea.ning process with tra.itiona. tea.hing methods. The use of technologies like virtua. rea.ity presents a. opportunity to enha.ce their skills through simula.ions a.d tra.ning. The ma.n objective of this study is to qua.ita.ively a.sess the stress levels experienced by medica. students a.d residents by integra.ing virtua. rea.ity into their current lea.ning methods, a.ming to improve their a.ility to ma.a.e stressors in their pra.tice. Ma.eria. a.d Methods: a.questionna.re wa. conducted with 12 medica. students a.d 12 Tra.ma.ology a.d orthopedics residents. The purpose of the questionna.re wa. to eva.ua.e the levels of a.a.emic stress using the SISCO inventory. The stress levels were ca.cula.ed by tra.sforming a.era.e va.ues into percenta.es, a.d the following criteria.were a.signed: 0 to 33% for Mild Stress, 34 to 66% for Modera.e Stress, a.d 67 to 100% for Deep Stress. Then, a.virtua. rea.ity cla.s focused on spine surgery wa. provided. Both medica. students a.d residents were tra.ned using the non nocere Sha.pSurgeon softwa.e pla.form a.d Oculus Quest 2 virtua. rea.ity gla.ses. a. the end of the session, a.second questionna.re rela.ed to the pra.tice with virtua. rea.ity wa. conducted with the sa.e eva.ua.ion criteria.a.d a.compa.a.ive a.a.ysis wa. ca.ried out. Results: 12 undergra.ua.e students from Hospita. a.geles Mexico, CDMX a.d 12 tra.ma.ology a.d orthopedics residents a. Hospita. Sa.ta.Fe, Bogota.were eva.ua.ed. The students in CDMX reported a. a.era.e qua.ita.ive stress of 28.50% during ha.itua. pra.tices, which decrea.ed to a. a.era.e of 14.67% a.ter virtua. rea.ity pra.tice. Residents in Bogotá experienced a. a.era.e qua.ita.ive stress of 30.50% with their current lea.ning methods but this reduced to a. a.era.e of 13.92% a.ter using virtua. rea.ity. These findings indica.e tha. t

关键词： Virtua. Rea.ity a.a.emic Stress Lea.ning Stra.egies Spine Surgery Tra.ning

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