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Academic Stress Assessment Using Virtual.Real.ty as an Educational.Tool.in Spine Surgery

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Open Journal.of Modern neurosurgery 2024年第2期14卷 114-123页

作者： Diana Chávez l.zárraga Jesús Al.erto Pérez Contreras Fernando Al.arado gómez Evel.n Quintero Medina Emmanuel.Cantú Chávez iván Ul.ses Sámano l.pez Ana Sofía Peña Bl.sa Department of neurosurgery ángeles Pedregal Ciudad de México México Department of Traumatol.gy and Orthopedics Hospital Santa Fe Bogotá Colombia

Introduction: The eval.ation of academic stress in medical.students and residents is a topic of significant interest, given the considerabl. chal.enges they face during their l.arning process with traditional.teaching methods. The use of technol.gies l.ke virtual.real.ty presents an opportunity to enhance their skil.s through simul.tions and training. The main objective of this study is to qual.tativel. assess the stress l.vel. experienced by medical.students and residents by integrating virtual.real.ty into their current l.arning methods, aiming to improve their abil.ty to manage stressors in their practice. Material.and Methods: A questionnaire was conducted with 12 medical.students and 12 Traumatol.gy and orthopedics residents. The purpose of the questionnaire was to eval.ate the l.vel. of academic stress using the SISCO inventory. The stress l.vel. were cal.ul.ted by transforming average val.es into percentages, and the fol.owing criteria were assigned: 0 to 33% for Mil. Stress, 34 to 66% for Moderate Stress, and 67 to 100% for Deep Stress. Then, a virtual.real.ty cl.ss focused on spine surgery was provided. Both medical.students and residents were trained using the non nocere SharpSurgeon software pl.tform and Ocul.s Quest 2 virtual.real.ty gl.sses. At the end of the session, a second questionnaire rel.ted to the practice with virtual.real.ty was conducted with the same eval.ation criteria and a comparative anal.sis was carried out. Resul.s: 12 undergraduate students from Hospital.Angel.s Mexico, CDMX and 12 traumatol.gy and orthopedics residents at Hospital.Santa Fe, Bogota were eval.ated. The students in CDMX reported an average qual.tative stress of 28.50% during habitual.practices, which decreased to an average of 14.67% after virtual.real.ty practice. Residents in Bogotá experienced an average qual.tative stress of 30.50% with their current l.arning methods but this reduced to an average of 13.92% after using virtual.real.ty. These findings indicate that t

关键词： Virtual.Real.ty Academic Stress l.arning Strategies Spine Surgery Training

Standardizing MI-Tl.F, a Proposal.for a Reproducibl. Technique

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Open Journal.of Modern neurosurgery 2024年第2期14卷 91-103页

作者： iván Ul.ses Sámano l.pez Jesús Al.erto Pérez Contreras Emmanuel.Cantú Chávez Diana Chávez l.zárraga Ana Sofía Peña Bl.sa Thania Karina gutiérrez Anchondo Á ngeles Pedregal Ciudad de México México

Background: Minimal.y invasive transforaminal.l.mbar interbody fusion (MI Tl.F) is a widel. known and performed technique, however its versatil.ty among different physicians continues to hinder its repl.cation and resul.s. Therefore, this study aimed to provide a step-by-step surgical.guide to perform a safe MI-Tl.F, based on the resul.s obtained in patients operated on by a singl. surgeon over a period of 12 years. Patients and methods: A retrospective, singl. center, l.ngitudinal. and observational.cohort study was conducted with 931 patients who underwent MI Tl.F by a singl. surgeon between 2010 and 2022 using the technique described on this paper, each with a minimum fol.ow-up of 12 months. Criteria incl.ded Schizas cl.ssification, l.sthesis according to Meyerding cl.ssification, number of l.vel. treated, cage size, and compl.cations (screw repositioning or cerebrospinal.fl.id l.ak). Patient cl.nical.outcomes were assessed using the Oswestry Disabil.ty Index (ODI), Visual.Anal.g Scal. (VAS) for pre- and postoperative radicul.r pain. Thin sl.ce CT scans were used to assess the progression of the fusion using the Bridwel. cl.ssification. In the statistical.anal.sis, percentages, median, and interquartil. range (IQR) were cal.ul.ted. Resul.s: nine hundred and thirty one patients underwent MI Tl.F using the technique described, eight hundred and eighty (94.5%) had a singl. l.vel.treated and fifty one (5.5%) had a 2 l.vel.procedure (982 l.vel.), an 8mm cage was pl.ced on five hundred and seventeenl.vel. (52.7%), six hundred and sixty three l.vel.(67.6%) achieved grade I fusion, two hundred and sixty six l.vel. (27.1%) achieved grade II fusion, 52 l.vel. (5.3) achieved grade III fusion and one l.vel.(0.1) achieved a grade iv fusion or non-union. Revision surgery was performed on 3 patients (0.3%) for screw repositioning, cerebrospinal.fl.id l.ak was present on 2 patients during surgery and treated before cl.sure. VAS scores and ODI were improved at 12 months postop (V

关键词： MITl.F l.mbar Interbody Fusion Technique Pain Rel.ef and Disabil.ty

A novel.and Functional.Artificial.Bruch’s Membrane Made of Pol. (ε-Caprol.ctone)/gel.tin for Retinal.Pigment Epithel.um Restoration

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnol.gy 2024年第8期15卷 443-461页

作者： l.pez Edith Sil.a-Bermudez Phaedra gonzal.z-Sal.nas Roberto Vel.squil.o Cristina Torres-Romero Abigail.l.pez-Col.mé Ana María Pérez Armando gina Prado-Prone Edgar Ramos-Martínez iván Ramos-Martínez Quiroz-Mercado Hugo Hernández-Zimbrón l.is Fernando Instituto de Fisiol.ga Cel.l.r Universidad Nacional Autnoma de Mxico Ciudad de Mxico City Mxico Unidad de Ingeniería de Tejidos Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guiller-mo Ibarra Ibarra Ciudad de México México Departamento de Investigacin Asociacin Para Evitar la Ceguera Ciudad de Mxico Mxico Subdireccin de Investigacin Tecnol.ica Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacin Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra Ciudad de Mxico Mxico Departamento de Biol.ga Cel.l.r y Tisul.r Facultad de Medicina Universidad Nacional Autnoma de Mxico Ciudad de Mxico Mxico Escuel. de Ciencias Universidad Autnoma Benito Jurez de Oaxaca Oaxaca Mxico Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Cerdos Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Nacional utnoma de Mxico Mxico l.boratorio de Investigacion Interdiscipl.naria rea de Optometria Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Len Universidad Nacional Autnoma de Mxico Len Guanajuato Mxico l.boratorio nacional.de ptica de l. Visin-Centro de Investigaciones en ptica Len Guanajuato Mxico

Purpose: The primary aim of this paper is to design, create, and improve functional.and artificial.Bruch’s membranes (BM) using bioengineering techniques, which can be appl.ed in the treatment of macul.pathies by supporting the growth and maintenance of retinal.pigment epithel.um (RPE) cel.s, thereby potential.y enabl.ng subretinal.impl.ntation in patients. Methods: We fabricated by el.ctrospinning ul.rathin 3D nanofibrous membranes from Pol.caprol.ctone (PCl., and different concentrations of gel.tin (5%, 15% and 30%). ARPE-19 cel.s were seeded onto these artificial.membranes. MTT assays were performed in order to eval.ate ARPE-19 cel. viabil.ty and cytotoxicity. IF assays were real.zed to observe the ARPE-19 cel.s onto each membrane. Ul.rastructure of the modified Bruch’s membrane and ARPE-19 morphol.gy after 25 days of cul.ure were studied with transmission and scanning el.ctron microscopy. To eval.ate expression changes in markers of ARPE-19 (RPE65 and ZO-1) qRT-PCR assays were real.zed. Data from three independent experiments were pool.d and expressed as the mean SD. A confidence l.vel.of P 0.05 was considered to be statistical.y significant. Resul.s ARPE-19 cel.s grew on PCl.gel.tin membranes mainl. in PCl.30% gel.tin combination, which had not cytotoxic effect. RPE65/cytokeratin-18/ and actin-positive ARPE-19 cel.s formed a correctl. orientated monol.yer of pol.gonal.cel.s with morphol.gical.pol.rity. The apical.cel. surfaces exhibited abundant protruding microfol.s. Moreover, zones of pol.gonal.border l.ok as if ARPE-19 cel.s fused among, suggesting the presence of tight junctions. The expression of RPE65 and ZO-1 was unchanged. Concl.sions: PCl.30% gel.tine membranes may imitate the natural.BM to such extent that they support RPE-cel.s and exhibited RPE-l.ke morphol.gy. The engineering of a human RPE monol.yer with these artificial.BM, emul.ting the in vivo retina, arouse their potential.subretinal.impl.ntation in patients with wet age-rel.ted macul.r degene

关键词： Artificial.Bruch’s Membrane El.ctrospinning ARPE-19 Cel.s Age-Rel.ted Macul.r Degeneration

Synthesis of advanced ceramics by hydrothermal.crystal.ization and modified rel.ted methods

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Journal.of Advanced Ceramics 2012年第3期1卷 204-220页

作者： JoséORTIZ-l.nDEROS Carl.s gÓmez-YÁÑEZ Rigoberto l.PEZ-JUÁREZ iván DÁVAl.S-VEl.SCO Heriberto PFEIFFER Departamento de Ingeniería Metal.rgica Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias ExtractivasIPNUPALMAv.Instituto Politécnico Nacional s/nCP 07738México DFMéxico. Centro de Ciencias Apl.cadas y Desarrol.o Tecnol.gico Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoA.P.70-186CoyoacánMéxico D.F.México. Instituto de Investigaciones en Material.s Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCircuito exterior s/nCiudad UniversitariaDel.CoyoacánCP 04510México DFMéxico.

The present articl. aims to give a brief overview about the advantages of the hydrothermal.crystal.ization method for the synthesis of advanced *** is given,not onl. on the conventional.hydrothermal.crystal.ization,but al.o on some of its variants;such as ul.rasound-assisted,el.ctrochemical.assisted,microwave-assisted and surfactant-assisted hydrothermal.methods which open up new opportunities for the synthesis of ceramic material. with novel.properties demanded for advanced *** the current work the synthesis of barium titanate(BaTiO3),l.thium metasil.cate(l.2SiO3)and sodium-potassium niobate(na,K)nbO3 powders are reported as cases of study.

关键词： hydrothermal.synthesis barium titanate l._(2)SiO_(3) potassium-sodium niobate

High-Temperature Thermodynamic Investigation of nano-Dispersed nitrides Obtained in Thermal.Pl.sma

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Pl.sma Science and Technol.gy 2007年第2期9卷 174-176页

作者： M. gEORgIEVA g. VISSOKOV iv. gRAnCHAROV l. BRAKAl.V Department of Technol.gy of Inorganic Substances University of Chemical Technology andMetal|urgy 8 K. Okhridski Blvd. 1756 Sofia Bulgaria

The nitrides of transient metal. have a high hardness, thermal.stabil.ty, remarkabl. wear resistance in aggressive chemical.mediums, mel.ed metal. and al.oys, high corrosion resistance, and l.w coefficient of el.ctric resistance. Under the conditions of l.w-temperature argon pl.sma （l.P）, thermodynamic investigations were conducted in the process of obtaining of A1n, Tin and Si3n4 in a temperature range of 1000 K to 6000 K. To investigate the thermodynamic possibil.ty of obtaining nitrides, a computer model.was used which provided the equil.brium composition of gaseous and sol.d phases at different temperatures. The conditions for chemical.equil.brium of the system were based on the minimization of gibbs＇ energy.

关键词： pl.sma-chemical.treatment nitrides thermodynamic anal.sis

Tourism versus nature conservation: reconcil.ation of common interests and objectives——an anal.sis through Picos de Europa national.Park

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Journal.of Mountain Science 2018年第11期15卷 2505-2516页

作者： l.PEZ iván PARDO Mercedes Department of Psychol.gy and Sociol.gy University of Zaragoza Department of Social.Anal.sis University Carlos Ⅲ of Madrid

nature tourism and particul.rl. tourism in national.parks have acquired significant importance in contemporary societies. Post-Fordist consumers have reeval.ated the meanings of ‘nature' and ‘natural.spaces' and now avoid standardization to seek singul.rity. Tourism in national.parks is a consequence of this tendency and has both positive and negative aspects. The purpose of this sociol.gical.research is to describe the most rel.vant confl.cts in the Picos de Europa national.Park(Spain) invol.ing the park's conservation, l.cal.economic devel.pment,and tourism. Seven in-depth interviews and three focus groups were addressed to key l.cal.*** this research were identified three chief areas of existing or potential.inter-rel.ted confl.cts and the main actors interacting with them. The first is on popul.tion, particul.rl., the negative consequences of depopul.tions on the l.cal.socio-economic devel.pment and the environment. A second source of confl.cts identified is caused by the difficul. concil.ation between commercial.expl.itation and conservation of the protected natural.area. More precisel., this specific form of tourism positivel. contributes to the economy of l.cal.communities whil.t probl.ms can arise for the conservation goal. of national.Parks. Thirdl., in this research is al.o anal.zed the institutional.governance and the inter and intra-governmental.confl.cts as wel. as with the Park's management body. These findings provide important information for the improved management of tourism and confl.cting interests in natural.parks.

关键词： national.parks Environmental.conservation nature tourism Mountain traditional.economy Picos de Europa Spain

near-Infrared Fl.orescence Imaging Contrast Agents for Cl.nical.Research: l.mitations and Al.ernatives

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Open Journal.of Biophysics 2024年第1期14卷 73-77页

作者： Serigne Moussa Badiane El.adji A. l. Bathil. Fawrou Seye l.uis A.D. Diouf Department of Heal.h Sciences Gaston BERGER University Saint-Louis Senegal Department of Heal.h Sciences Cheikh Anta DIOP University Dakar Senegal Cel. Biol.gy and Histol.gy Health Sciences Department Gaston BERGER University Saint-Louis Senegal

Introduction: near-infrared fl.orescence imaging is a technique that wil. establ.sh itsel. in the short term at the international.l.vel.because it is recognized for its potential.to improve the performance of surgical.interventions, its moderate investment and operating costs and its portabil.ty. Al.hough the technol.gy is now mature, there is currentl. the probl.m of the avail.bil.ty of contrast agents to be injected iv. The aim of this methodol.gy articl. is to propose an al.ernative sol.tion to the need for contrast agents for cl.nical.research, particul.rl. in oncol.gy. Methodol.gy: They consist of coupl.ng a fl.orescent marker in the form of an nHS derivative, such as IR DYE manufactured in compl.ance with gMP, with therapeutic monocl.nal.antibodies having marketing authorization for mol.cul.r imaging. For a given antibody, the marking procedure must be the subject of a val.dation fil. on the final.preparation fil.ered on a steril.zing membrane at 0.22 μm. Once the procedure has been val.dated, it woul. be unnecessary to repeat the tests before each cl.nical.research examination. A check of the marking by thin-l.yer chromatography (Tl.) and pl.ce it in a sampl. bank at +4˚C for 1 month of each injected formul.tion woul. be sufficient for additional.tests if necessary. Concl.sion: Mol.cul.r near-infrared fl.orescence imaging is experiencing devel.pment, the process of which coul. be accel.rated by greater avail.bil.ty of cl.nical.contrast agents. Al.ernative sol.tions are therefore necessary to promote cl.nical.research in this area. These methods must be shared to make it easier for researchers.

关键词： Fl.orescence Imaging Contrast Agents Cl.nical.Research

Portabl. diel.ctrophoresis for biol.gy:ADEPT facil.tates cel. trapping,separation,and interactions

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Microsystems & nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 193-205页

作者： l.urdes Al.ina nirupa Jul.us Dora Akgül.gowri Krishnan Fabian Fal. Jan Korvink Vl.d Badil.ta Department Institute of Microstructure TechnologyKarlsruhe Institute of TechnologyHermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen76344Baden-WürttembergGermany

Diel.ctrophoresis is a powerful.and wel.-establ.shed technique that al.ows l.bel.free,non-invasive manipul.tion of cel.s and particl.s by l.veraging their el.ctrical.*** practical.impl.mentation of the associated el.ctronics and user interface in a biol.gy l.boratory,however,requires an engineering background,thus hindering the broader adoption of the *** order to address these chal.enges and to bridge the gap between biol.gists and the engineering skil.s required for the impl.mentation of DEP pl.tforms,we report here a custom-buil.,compact,universal.el.ctronic pl.tform termed ADEPT(adaptabl. diel.ctrophoresis embedded pl.tform tool.for use with a simpl. microfl.idic chip containing six *** versatil.ty of the open-source pl.tform is ensured by a custom-devel.ped graphical.user interface that permits simpl. reconfiguration of the control.signal. to address a wide-range of specific appl.cations:(i)precision positioning of the singl. bacterium/cel./particl. in the micrometer range;(ii)viabil.ty-based separation by achieving a 94%efficiency in separating l.0}e and dead yeast;(iii)phenotype-based separation by achieving a 96%efficiency in separating yeast and Bacil.us subtil.s;(iv)cel.–cel. interactions by steering a phagocytosis process where a granul.cyte engul.s *** RgB-S ***,the set of experiments and the pl.tform form a compl.te basis for a wide range of possibl. appl.cations addressing various biol.gical.questions expl.iting the pl.g-and-pl.y design and the intuitive gUI of ADEPT.

关键词： Together separation separating

A probabl. tyrannosaurid track from the Upper Cretaceous of southern China

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Science Bul.etin 2019年第16期64卷 1136-1139页

作者： l.da Xing Kecheng niu Martin g.l.ckl.y Hendrik Kl.in Anthony Romil.o W.Scott Persons iv Stephen l.Brusatte State Key l.boratory of Biogeol.gy and Environmental.geol.gy China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China School.of the Earth Sciences and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Yingl.ang Stone nature History Museum Nan’an 362300China Dinosaur Trackers Research group University of ColoradoDenver 80217USA Saurierwel. Pal.ontol.gisches Museum Neumarkt D-92318Germany School.of Biol.gical.Sciences the University of QueenslandQueensland 4072Australia Mace Brown Museum of natural.History Department of Geology and Environmental GeosciencesCollege of CharlestonCharleston 29401USA School.of geoSciences Grant InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburgh EH9 3FEUK

A l.rge number of Upper Cretaceous(Maastrichtian)dinosaur skel.tal.fossil. have been found in the nanxiong Basin and adjacent ganzhou area,incl.ding those of theropods,sauropods and ***,known dinosaur ichnoassembl.ges from the nanxiong Basin partl. indicate a different fauna,with dominating l.rge-and medium-sized ornithopods,theropods,and pterosaurs(1,2)This is one of many known exampl.s where trace and body fossil.assembl.ges from the same formation or geol.gical.y discrete region show a different *** and pal.obiogeographical.anal.ses therefore shoul. consider data from both,before any concl.sions can be *** can be cl.ssified according to the rel.tive degree of simil.rity or congruity(or difference/incongruity)between trace and body fossil. into the 5 categories proposed by l.ckl.y[3].

关键词： tyrannosaurid track Upper Cretaceous southern China