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Self-/conspecific discrimination and superparasitism strategy in the ovicidal parasitoid Echthrodelphax fairchildii （Hymenoptera： Dryinidae）

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Insect Science 2014年第6期21卷 741-749页

作者： Emi ito yoshihiro y. yamada Insect Ecology Laboratory Graduate School of Bioresources Mie University Tsu Mie Japan

Superparasitism in solitary parasitoids results in fatal competition between the immature parasitoids, and consequently only one individual can emerge. In the semisoli- tary ovicidal parasitoid Echthrodelphaxfairchildii （Hymenoptera： Dryinidae）, 2 adults can emerge under superparasitism with a short interval （〈24 h） between the first and second ovipositions. We determined the female parasitoid＇s behavioral responses under self- and conspecific superparasitism bouts with first-to-second oviposition intervals of 〈2 h. The self- and conspecific superparasitizing frequencies increased up to an oviposition interval of 0.75 h, with the former remaining lower than the latter, particularly for oviposition intervals of _〈0.25 h, suggesting the existence of self-/conspecific discrimination. The superparasitizing frequency plateaued for oviposition intervals of _〉0.75 h, with no dif- ference between self- and conspecific superparasitism. The ovicidal-probing frequency did not differ under self- and conspecific superparasitism, and was usually 〈20%. The females exhibited no preference for the oviposition side （i.e., ovipositing on the side with or without the first progeny） and almost always laid female eggs for any oviposition in- terval under self- and conspecific superparasitism. The sex ratio was not affected by the type of superparasitism, oviposition sides, or the occurrence of ovicidal probing. These observed results about the oviposition side, ovicidal probing, and sex ratios differed from the predictions obtained assuming that the females behave optimally. Possible reasons for the discrepancies are discussed： likely candidates include the high cost of selecting oviposition sides and ovicidal probing, and, for the sex ratio, the low frequency of encountering suitable hosts before superparasitism bouts.

关键词： infanticide ovicide plant hopper self-recognition sex ratio

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Seemingly maladaptive refraining from infanticidal probing at the third parasitism attack by the semi-solitary parasitoid Echthrodelphax fairchildii （Hymenoptera： Dryinidae）

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Insect Science 2006年第3期13卷 229-233页

作者： EMI ito yOSHIHIRO y. yAMADA Insect Ecology Laboratory Faculty of Bioresources Mie University Tsu Mie Japan

We assessed the adaptiveness of refraining from infanticidal probing at the third attack under triple parasitism in the parasitoid Echthrodelphaxfairchildii Perkins, by comparing fitness returns from the third attack with and without probing. Fitness returns were assessed in terms of the survival rate, mean developmental time, and mean adult head width of the progenies. Not probing was maladaptive under triple parasitism with oviposition intervals of 1/24 and 24/24 hours （where the numbers before and after the slash refer to the first-to-second and second-to-third oviposition intervals, respectively）, although no significant difference was detected in fitness returns for oviposition intervals of 24/1 hours. We suggest that the cost of probing （especially the decrease in the chance of future ovipositions） is a reason for the seemingly maladaptive absence of probing.

关键词： cost of reproduction Echthrodelphax fairchildii infanticide ovicide,superparasitism triple parasitism

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Electrochemical Reaction Processes of Niobium Ions in FLINAK melt

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 1999年第2期13卷 83-89页

作者： Wang X. Duan S. Christensen E. Bjerrum N.J. ito y. Metallurgy School University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China Materials Science Group Chemistry Department A Technical University of Denmark DK-2800 Lyngby Denmark Department of Energy Science and Engineering Kyoto University Kyoto 606 Japan

ThecathodicProcessmechanismofniobiumreductionfromchloride-fluorideandfiuoridemeltshasbeenstudiedindetail[l-],batth***,threehoesofmodelshaVebeenPutforwardtoexplaintheelectrochemic... 详细信息

ThecathodicProcessmechanismofniobiumreductionfromchloride-fluorideandfiuoridemeltshasbeenstudiedindetail[l-],batth***,threehoesofmodelshaVebeenPutforwardtoexplaintheelectrochemic...

关键词： electrochemistry molten Salt FLINAK niobium reduction

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Plasma Boundary Position Measurements Using Frequency Sweep Microwave Reflectometer in LHD

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Plasma Science and Technology 2009年第4期11卷 443-447页

作者： T.TOKUZAWA K.KAWAHATA K.TANAKA y.ito LHD Experiment Group 凌必利 National Institute for Fusion Science Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of Science

A broadband frequency tunable microwave reflectometer system, which has the abil- ity of fast and stable frequency sweeping operation, is applied in the large helical device （LHD） to measure the boundary of the high-temperature plasma. When the microwave is launched, with extraordinary polarization, from the low field side of the magnetic field with its frequency swept from low to high, the microwave of minimum right-hand cut-off frequency is reflected most out- side. We can then estimate the plasma boundary position by measuring the change of the reflected power from the cut-off layer.

关键词： plasma boundary FM-CW reflectometer extraordinary wave,

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Modeling of numerical simulation and experimental verification for carburizing-nitriding quenching process

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2006年第B2期16卷 566-571页

作者： R. MUKAI T. MATSUMOTO JU Dong-ying T. SUZUKI H. SAito y. ito High-Tech Research Center Special Researcher Saitama Institute of Technology Fukaya 369-0293 Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Saitama Institute of Technology Fukaya 369-0293 Japan Research Center of High Technology Anshan University of Science and Technology Anshan 114044 China Department of Technology Development Tobuyakin Ltd. Japan

A model considering quantitative effects of diffused carbon and nitrogen gradients and kinetics of phase transformation is presented to examine metallo-thermo-mechanical behavior during carburized and nitrided quenching. Coupled simulation of diffusion, phase transformation and stress/strain provides the final distribution of carbon and nitrogen contents as well as residual stress and distortion. Effects of both transformation and lattice expansion induced by carbon and nitrogen absorption were introduced into calculating the evolution of the internal stress and strain. In order to verify the method and the results, the simulated distributions of carbon and nitrogen content and residual stress/strain of a ring model during carburized and nitrided quenching were compared with the measured data.

关键词：金属热处理渗碳渗氮淬火过程数值模拟模型实验验证

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Effects of Dietary Proteins of Proso, Japanese and Korean Foxtail Millets on Lipid Metabolism and Type-2 Diabetes in Rats and Mice

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食品科学 2005年第5期26卷 220-224页

作者： Naoyuki Nishizawa y-y.Choi y.Miyakoshi D.Sato T.Togawa T.Nagasawa y.ito M Watanabe M.Sato M-R Choi Iwate University Department of Agro-BiosciencesFaculty of AgricultureMoriokaIwate 020-8550Japan National Agricultural Research Center for Tohoku Reg. MoriokaIwateJapan yosu National University YeosuRepublic of Korea

Summary We examined the effects of dietary Japanese millet protein(JMP)and Korean foxtail millet protein(KFMP)on lipid metabolism and type 2 diabetes in rats and *** type 2 diabetic rats were fed with JMP for 20 days,plasma glucose levels lowered,whereas those of HDL-cholesterol and adiponectin rose significantly compared to the control *** when type 2 diabetic mice were fed with KFMP for 20 days,plasma levels of insulin lowered greatly,whereas those of HDL-cholesterol and adiponectin rose remarkably compared to control *** the role of adiponectin,insulin and HDL-cholesterol in diabetes and atherosclerosis or obesity,it seemed likely that JMP and KFMP might improve insulin sensitivity and cholesterol metabolism through an increase in adiponectin ***,these proteins might serve as another beneficial food component in obesity-related dis-eases such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.

关键词： JMP Japanese

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新型陶瓷与熔融盐复合蓄热材料优化组合的数值模拟

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中国有色金属学报 2002年第3期12卷 550-555页

作者：王华 y.ito T.Nohira 乔欢昆明理工大学冶金系昆明650093 Graduate School of Energy Science Kyoto University

将高温熔融盐相变蓄热材料和陶瓷固相蓄热材料进行复合 ,成功地研制成了能快速吸热和放热且蓄热密度高、蓄热量大的新型复合蓄热材料。分别以Al2 O3 ,MgO ,SiC为代表的陶瓷材料与 6 0LiF 40NaF ,5 0LiF 5 0KF ,6 0 .1NaCl 39.9MgCl2 ,Li... 详细信息

将高温熔融盐相变蓄热材料和陶瓷固相蓄热材料进行复合 ,成功地研制成了能快速吸热和放热且蓄热密度高、蓄热量大的新型复合蓄热材料。分别以Al2 O3 ,MgO ,SiC为代表的陶瓷材料与 6 0LiF 40NaF ,5 0LiF 5 0KF ,6 0 .1NaCl 39.9MgCl2 ,LiH等为代表的 10余种高温熔融盐材料为复合研究对象 ,对复合蓄热材料的蓄热密度等与温度、复合材料中熔融盐的含量、材料种类间的关系进行了数值模拟研究。

关键词：复合蓄热材料陶瓷熔盐数值模拟

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用MOVPE方法外延生长Si掺杂的立方相GaN(英文)

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发光学报 2001年第S1期22卷 1-4页

作者： WU Jun ZHAO F H ito y yoshida S Onabe Shiraki y Graduate School of Frontier Science Graduate School of Frontier ScienceYokohama R&D LaboratoryYokohama R&D LaboratoryGraduate School of Frontier ScienceResearch Center for Advanced Science and Technology The University of Tokyo731 HongoBunkyokuToky

用MOVPE方法采取一种两步生长过程生长了未掺杂和Si掺杂的GaN。在生长了一个 2 0nm厚的缓冲层后 ,外延生长了 1 μm厚的立方GaN外延层。利用二次离子质谱测定了掺杂的程度。

关键词： Si掺杂GaN MOVPE 光致发光特性

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C—Mn微合金化结构钢中碳当量和硬度同裂纹倾向的相互关系

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国外低合金钢（合金钢） 1989年第1期 149-155页

作者： ito,y 王征林

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High resolution X-ray fluorescence spectrometry for water analysis of metals in East China Sea

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2006年第B8期25卷 152-153页

作者： y. Zou K. yokoi H. Ohashi T. Tochio y. ito T. Shoji T. Matsuno Laboratory of Atomic ＆ Molecular Physics ICR Kyoto University Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan National Institute for Matertal Science Harima office SPring-8 Sayo Hyogo 679-5198 Japan Keihanna Interaction Plaza lnc. Seika-cho Soraku-gun Kyoto 619-0237 Japan Rigaku Industrial Corporation 6-18 Akaoji Takatsuki Osaka 569-1146 Japan Research Institute for Applied Mechanics Kyushu University Kasuga Fukuoka 816-8580 Japan

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