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Present indications and techniques of percutaneous nephrolithotomy:What the future holds?

Asian Journal of Urology 2018年第4期5卷 287-294页

作者： itay m.sabler Ioannis Katafigiotis Ofer N.Gofrit mordechai Duvdevani Department of Urology Hadassah Hebrew University HospitalEin KaremJerusalemIsrael

The purpose of the review was to present the latest updates on percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL)procedure in terms of indications and evolving techniques,and to identify the advantages and disadvantages of each *** data for this review were collected after a thorough Pubmed search in core clinical journals in English *** key words included“PCNL”and“PNL”in combination with“indications”,“techniques”,“review”and“miniaturized PCNL”.Publications relevant to the subject were retrieved and critically *** European and American Urology Association Nephrolithiasis Guidelines were included as *** indications for standard PCNL have been changed through the past *** evolution of the procedure,innovations and the development of new technical approaches,the indications for miniaturized PCNL have not been standardized *** is a need for well-constructed randomized trials to explore the indications,complications and results for each evolving approach.A continuous reduction of tract size is not the only revolution of the last *** is constant ongoing interest in developing new efficient miniature instruments,intracorporeal lithotripters and sophisticated tract creation *** can summarize that,PCNL represents a valuable well-known tool in the field of *** should be open minded to future changes in surgical approaches and technological improvements.

关键词： Percutaneous nephrolithotomy Nephrolithiasis Intracorporeal lithotripsy Lasers Tract creation Renal access Horseshoe kidney Calyceal diverticulum Lower pole stones

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UV-B as a Photoacclimatory Enhancer of the Hermatypic Coral <i>Stylophora pistillata</i>

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Open Journal of marine Science 2013年第2期3卷 15-27页

作者： itay Cohen Gal Dishon David Iluz Zvy Dubinsky The mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan Israel The mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan Israel The Interuniversity Institute for marine Sciences Eilat Israel

Photoacclimation processes are crucial for the survival of all photosynthetic organisms in the photic zone. Changes in photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) are however simultaneous to changes in UV-B radiation. The influence of UV-B levels on bio-optical and physiological parameters of deep (30 m) corals from the species Stylophora pistillata and their symbiotic algae, zooxanthellae, was examined during their gradual, stepwise acclimation to a shallow depth (3 m). Drastic exposure of deeper corals to higher UV-B levels in shallower depths is usually fatal. Hence, the acclimation process lasted 118 days and included 10 intermediate stations with an addition of similar amount of PAR at each depth transfer. Concomitantly, in an on-shore experiment, fragments from the same colonies were acclimated by changing shading nets corresponding in PAR levels to each in situ station. Since UV-B is attenuated more efficiently than PAR in seawater, the PAR: UV-B ratio changes in the depth experiment while remaining constant under the neutral density nets. This provided the opportunity to evaluate the importance of UV-B to photoacclimation. In both experiments all fragments survived, in spite of a four-fold difference in levels of PAR and a 140-fold difference in UV-B flux between the initial and final conditions. Both experimental designs resulted in reduction of zooxanthellae density, photosynthesis rates, and quantum yields of PSII, while cellular chlorophyll content remained unaffected. Zooxanthellae density and maximal photosynthetic rate was found decreased in correlation with UV-B radiation, whether it was elevated logarithmically with reducing depths or linearly with reducing shades. Conversely, quantum yields of PSII were adjusted according to the enhancement of PAR rather than UV-B. We conclude that UV-B enhances the magnitude of photoacclimation to higher PAR. This novel aspect of photoacclimation can provide the basis for our understanding of the underlying mechanisms t

关键词： Corals Depth Transfer Photoacclimation UV-B Underwater Light

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Nature:研究利用单细胞分析阐明癌症干细胞在脑癌中的关键角色

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现代生物医学进展 2017年第6期17卷 I0003-I0003页

作者： itay Tirosh, Andrew S. Venteicher, Christine Hebert, Leah E. Escalante, Keren Yizhak, Jonathan m. Fisher, Christopher Rodman, mariella G. Filbin, Cyril Neftel, Jackson Nyman, Benjamin Izar, Joshua m. Francis, Kenneth J. Livak, Dave Gennert, Rahul Satija, Todd R. Golub, miguel N. Rivera, Gad Getz, Orit Rozenblatt-Rosen, Bradley E. Bernstein, Aviv Regev mario L. Suv agrave Andrew S. Venteicher, Christine Hebert, Leah E. Escalante, Keren Yizhak, mariella G. Filbin, Cyril Neftel, Niyati Desai, Christina C. Luo, Aanand A. Patel, maristela L. Onozato, Nicolo Riggi, Ravindra mylvaganam, A. John Iafrate, matthew P. Frosch, miguel N. Rivera, Gad Getz, Bradley E. Bernstein, David N. Louis mario L. Suv agrave Andrew S. Venteicher, Anoop P. Patel, Brian V. Nahed, William T. Curry, Robert L. martuza Daniel P. Cahill Christopher mount michelle monje mariella G. Filbin Todd R. Golub Joshua m. Francis Todd R. Golub Aviv Regev Broad Institute of Harvard and mIT Cambridge Massachusetts 02142 USA Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts 02114 USA Department of Neurosurgery Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts 02114 USA Departments of Neurology Neurosurgery Pediatrics and Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford California 94305 USA Department of Pediatric Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Children’s Hospital Cancer Center Boston Massachusetts 02215 USA Department of medical Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Boston Massachusetts 02215 USA Howard Hughes medical Institute Koch Institute Department of Biology MIT Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA

近日。来自麻省总医院、博德研究所及哈佛大学的研究人员通过联合研究，在单细胞水平上对脑瘤基因组进行了分析。他们发现。癌症干细胞或许能够诱发少突神经胶质瘤的发生，少突神经胶质瘤是一种缓慢发展但却非常难以治愈的脑癌，相关研... 详细信息

近日。来自麻省总医院、博德研究所及哈佛大学的研究人员通过联合研究，在单细胞水平上对脑瘤基因组进行了分析。他们发现。癌症干细胞或许能够诱发少突神经胶质瘤的发生，少突神经胶质瘤是一种缓慢发展但却非常难以治愈的脑癌，相关研究刊登于Nature杂志上。同时研究者还首次在人类脑瘤样本中鉴别出了癌症干细胞及其分化的后代细胞。

关键词：干细胞单细胞分析癌症脑瘤神经胶质瘤键角利用研究人员

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