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Epidemiological Facies of Human Rabies Deaths in Côte d’Ivoire from 2016 to 2022

Open Journal of Epidemiology 2023年第4期13卷 372-384页

作者： tiembré issaka Tetchi Sopi Malthide Coulibaly Adama Christiane Djoman Dagnan N’cho Simplice Dosso Mireille Félix Houphouë t Boigny University Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire National Institute of Public Hygiene Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire National Institute of Public Hygiene Adzopé C&#244te d’Ivoire Pasteur Institute of Cô te d’Ivoire Laboratory Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

Introduction: Rabies is a highly fatal viral disease outside the post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP). Data from previous studies and reports from the rabies center show that cases of death from human rabies are regularly reported, despite training measures for health workers, awareness-raising and communities, and the availability of vaccines. Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyse the determinants of human rabies deaths in Côte d’Ivoire from 2016 to 2022. Method: A retrospective cross-sectional qualitative study was carried out from January to August 2023 on all the records of patients who died of human rabies at the Treichville Rabies Center from 2016 to 2022. An analysis of the rabies center’s annual activity reports from 2016 to 2022 was also carried out in order to complete the information gathered from the files. Results: The socio-demographic characteristics showed that out of 148 deaths, children accounted for 47.97% (71) and 66.22% (98) of rabies deaths were male, with an M/F sex ratio of 1.96. In terms of clinical characteristics, in 97.30% (144) of cases, the deceased had presented with furious rabies, and analysis by the Pasteur Institute of Côte d’Ivoire laboratory confirmed 101 cases (92.66%) of human rabies. Geographical distribution showed that cases of human rabies were recorded in 56 health district, and 64% (94) of the deceased lived in rural areas. The main causes of the occurrence of rabies were essentially non-use of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) and missed vaccination due to ignorance. Conclusion: In view of these results, control strategies and interventions need to be adapted to the epidemiological characteristics of the disease, using a community-based approach with a view to eliminating dog-transmitted rabies by 2030.

关键词： Epidemiological Facies Post-Exposure Prophylaxis Rabies Deaths Côte d’Ivoire

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Analysis of the Screening of Contact Subjects of People Living with HIV at the Antivenereal Health Center of the National Institute of Public Hygiene of Treichville, Abidjan/Côte d’Ivoire from January 2009 to December 2018

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World Journal of AIDS 2022年第3期12卷 169-181页

作者： Djoman Christiane Antoinette Gakoué Zadi Désiré Douba Alfred Ayekoé Adou Ignace Akani Bangaman Christian Akpro Loes Cynthia Marie-Dominique tiembré issaka UFR Medical Sciences University Felix Houphou&#235 t Boigny de Cocody Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Institut National d’H ygiène Publique (INHP) Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire

Introduction: In C?te d’Ivoire, people living with HIV are estimated to 460,000 with about 290,000 who know their HIV status. Index testing is a strategy for screening unidentified HIV carriers. This study aimed at analyzing the screening of contact subjects of people living with HIV at the anti-venereal health center of Treichville in Abidjan. Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional study from January 2009 to December 2018. The target population was index patients and their sexual partners. After giving their consent, index patients and their sexual partners were interviewed during their medical visit. Data were analyzed using Epi info 3.5.4. The khi2 test was performed at 5% significance level. Results: A total of 114 index patients have been included in the study. The majority of sexual partners were men (sex ratio M/F = 1.5) with an average age of 43 years (±9.77). 87.7% of index patients lived in pairs. The analysis showed that 87.7% of index patients had disclosed their HIV status to their sexual partners and 94.3% of index patients invited their sexual partners to be tested. 85.8% of sexual partners had been tested. 19.8% of sexual partners who have been tested were HIV positive. All the 8 children of female index patients were HIV negative. HIV test acceptability was statistically associated with living in pairs (P Conclusion: Screening sexual partners from index patients has been an effective way to detect HIV carriers who did not know their status.

关键词： HIV Sexual Partners Antivenereal Health Center Abidjan Côte d’Ivoire

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Contribution to the Improvement of Transfusion Safety: Assessment of the Pre-Donation Hemoglobin Level at the Yamoussoukro Blood Transfusion Center in Cote d’Ivoire

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Open Journal of Blood Diseases 2023年第2期13卷 78-82页

作者： Renaude Janine Amon Boukalo Guillaume Zaminan Martial Bama Saydou Kaboré Sidonie Gooré Kouamenan issaka tiembré Jean-Jacques Dadié Bosso Sekongo Yassongui Mamadou National Center for Blood Transfusion Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire National Institute of Public Hygiene Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Blood Transfusion Center Yamoussoukro C&#244te d’Ivoire

Introduction: Despite the progress recorded at the level of transfusion safety in Côte d’Ivoire, much remains to be done, particularly at the level of the medical selection of blood donors. The objective of the study was to make an assessment of the pre-donation capillary hemoglobin dosage for the year 2020 of the fixed collection, of the Blood Transfusion Center of Yamoussoukro. Method: This is a retrospective study that took place at the Yamoussoukro Blood Transfusion Center. The data collection related to all old and new blood donors were deemed suitable for the fixed collection of the year 2020. The method chosen for the pre-donation control is that of the portable hemoglobinometer of the HémoCue® type, more precisely 201+. Results: Of the 1160 blood donors in the study, the pre-donation hemoglobin level was not measured in 787 (67.8%) subjects of either sex. Of the subjects who had a pre-donation hemoglobin level performed, 97 (26%) blood donors had a sub-standard hemoglobin level, including 15 females and 82 males. Conclusion: Pre-donation hemoglobin testing of blood donors is effective in Yamoussoukro. However, efforts must still be made to improve the quality of the blood collected and to protect blood donors.

关键词： Blood Donation Medical Selection Pre-Donation Hemoglobin Fixed Collection Yamoussoukro

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Mapping Climate Services for Disaster Risk Management: A Systematic Review and Research Gaps from a Policy Process Perspective

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American Journal of Climate Change 2024年第2期13卷 314-360页

作者： Aboubacar issaka Ousman Gaoh Wolfram Laube Georges Abbevi Abbey Moussa Waongo West African Science Service Centre on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use (WASCAL) Accra Ghana Department of Geography-DRP-Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management University of Lom Lom Togo Department of Political and Cultural Change Centre for Development Research (ZEF) University of Bonn Bonn Germany Department of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness Management School of Agriculture University of Lom Lom Togo Department of Training and Research Regional Centre for West Africa and the Sahel (AGRHYMET) Niamey Niger

Climate services (CS) are crucial for mitigating and managing the impacts and risks associated with climate-induced disasters. While evidence over the past decade underscores their effectiveness across various domains, particularly agriculture, to maximize their potential, it is crucial to identify emerging priority areas and existing research gaps for future research agendas. As a contribution to this effort, this paper employs the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology to review the state-of-the-art in the field of climate services for disaster risk management. A comprehensive search across five literature databases combined with a snowball search method using ResearchRabbit was conducted and yielded 242 peer-reviewed articles, book sections, and reports over 2013-2023 after the screening process. The analysis revealed flood, drought, and food insecurity as major climate-related disasters addressed in the reviewed literature. Major climate services addressed included early warning systems, (sub)seasonal forecasts and impact-based warnings. Grounded in the policy processes’ theoretical perspective, the main focus identified and discussed three prevailing policy-oriented priority areas: 1) development of climate services, 2) use-adoption-uptake, and 3) evaluation of climate services. In response to the limitations of the prevalent supply-driven and top-down approach to climate services promotion, co-production emerges as a cross-cutting critical aspect of the identified priority areas. Despite the extensive research in the field, more attention is needed, particularly pronounced in the science-policy interface perspective, which in practice bridges scientific knowledge and policy decisions for effective policy processes. This perspective offers a valuable analytical lens as an entry point for further investigation. Hence, future research agendas would generate insightful evidence by scrutinizing this critical aspect g

关键词： Climate Services Disaster Risk Management Policy Process Science-Policy Interface Institutional Analysis

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Reversible Semi-Fragile Watermarking Technique for Integrity Control of Relational Database

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Engineering（科研） 2024年第9期16卷 309-323页

作者： Ali Hamadou Abdoul Aziz issaka Hassane Lanciné Camara Harouna Naroua Department of Mathematics Dan Dicko Dankoulodo University of Maradi Maradi Niger Social Science and Management University of Bamako Bamako Mali Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Abdou Moumouni University Niamey Niger

Reversible watermarking schemes for relational database are usually classified into two groups: robust schemes and fragile schemes. The main limitation of existing reversible fragile methods is that they cannot differentiate between legal and malicious modifications. In this paper, we introduce a novel lossless semi-fragile scheme based on prediction-error expansion for content protection of relational database. In the proposed method, all attributes in a database relation are first classified according to their sensitivity to legitimate updates. Then, the watermark is embedded by expanding the prediction error of the two least significant digits of securely selected attributes. At watermark extraction, the proposed method has the ability to fully restore the original data while detecting and localizing tampering. The applicability of our method is demonstrated theoretically and experimentally.

关键词： Semi-Fragile Watermarking Integrity Control Reversibility Prediction-Error Expansion

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Numerical Models and Methods of Atmospheric Parameters Originating in the Formation of the Earth’s Climatic Cycle

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 277-286页

作者： Wend Dolean Arsène Ilboudo Kassoum Yamba Windé Nongué Daniel Koumbem issaka Ouédraogo Dé partement Energie Institut de Recherche en Sciences Appliqu&#233es et Technologies (IRSAT) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Exactes et Appliqu&#233es Universit&#233 Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Atmospheric models are physical equations based on the ideal gas law. Applied to the atmosphere, this law yields equations for water, vapor (gas), ice, air, humidity, dryness, fire, and heat, thus defining the model of key atmospheric parameters. The distribution of these parameters across the entire planet Earth is the origin of the formation of the climatic cycle, which is a normal climatic variation. To do this, the Earth is divided into eight (8) parts according to the number of key parameters to be defined in a physical representation of the model. Following this distribution, numerical models calculate the constants for the formation of water, vapor, ice, dryness, thermal energy (fire), heat, air, and humidity. These models vary in complexity depending on the indirect trigonometric direction and simplicity in the sum of neighboring models. Note that the constants obtained from the equations yield 275.156˚K (2.006˚C) for water, 273.1596˚K (0.00963˚C) for vapor, 273.1633˚K (0.0133˚C) for ice, 0.00365 in/s for atmospheric dryness, 1.996 in2/s for humidity, 2.993 in2/s for air, 1 J for thermal energy of fire, and 0.9963 J for heat. In summary, this study aims to define the main parameters and natural phenomena contributing to the modification of planetary climate. .

关键词： Atmospheric Parameter 1 Climatic Cycle 2 Numerical Models 3

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Study of the Constraints of Millet Production (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) and the Peasant Perception of Biological Control in the Tahoua Region

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第1期15卷 1-14页

作者： Rabé Mahamane Moctar Hama Oumarou issaka Rabo Salissou Abdoulaye Amoustapha Soumaila Bakoye Nouhou Ousmane Baoua Ibrahim Faculty of Agricultural Sciences Djibo Hamani University of Tahoua Tahoua Niger NGO Sahel Bio of Maradi Maradi Niger Faculty of Agronomy and Environnemental Science DanDicko DanKoulodo University of Maradi Maradi Niger

Millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) is the Sahelian crop par excellence due to its adaptation to the particular production conditions in this region. Unfortunately, in recent years this crop has been threatened by very strong parasitic pressure and drought during the production period. The objective of this study is to analyze the main constraints of millet production and the solutions known to producers. A survey was carried out in November 2022 with a sample of 298 producers in five municipalities in the Tahoua region. The main constraints are drought and pressure from crop pests (locust, millet ear miner, floricultural insects) according to 57.9% of respondents. The millet ear miner is the most formidable pest according to 55% of respondents. Thus, the average yield obtained in a year of good production without the leafminer is 194 kg/ha and that obtained in a year of millet ear leafminer is around 27 kg to 43 kg/ha depending on the municipality. The yield obtained this last campaign after the attack of this leafminer varies from 64 to 77 kg/ha depending on the municipalities compared to a potential yield of over 1000 kg/ha. More than half of producers (58.1%) are unaware of the existence of biological control compared to only 12.5% who are aware of this alternative method. Work to popularize this technology is necessary in the five municipalities and the entire region in general.

关键词： Biological Control Ear Miner Millet

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Review of Two Years of Surgical Activities of the General Surgery Department of the Reference Health Center of Commune I of Bamako Mali

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Surgical Science 2024年第4期15卷 195-206页

作者： Tounkara Cheickna Cisse Amadou Beydi Samake Hamidou Diarra issaka Sanogo Modibo Diarra Bogoba Doumbia Seydou Yena Sadio Department of General Surgery of the Reference Health Center of Commune I Bamako Mali Directorate of Social and Health Services of the Armed Forces of Mali Department of Public Health of the Faculty of Medicine and Odontology-Stomatology Bamako Mali Department of Surgery Mali Hospital Bamako Mali

The objectives of this work were to evaluate the surgical activities carried out in the general surgery department of the Reference Health Center of Commune I of Bamako, to describe the sociodemographic characteristics of the operated patients, to determine the main pathologies encountered and to evaluate qualitatively the result of the treatment. In order to improve performance, and the quality of care, and to identify common pathologies in the surgical department, we undertook a retrospective study on surgical activities from January 2009 to December 2010. At the end of this study, out of 474 men and 187 women (equal sex ratio 2.53);we were able to determine the frequency of surgical pathologies. Farmers, housewives and pupils/students were the most represented with 25.9% respectively;20% and 13.3%. The most frequently observed pathologies were wall hernia (44.8%), prostate adenoma (12%) and acute appendicitis (10.5%). The average length of hospitalization was 3.43 days. Infectious complications affected 25 patients (3.8% of cases) and a death rate of 0.45% (i.e. 3 patients). The average cost of care was 53,500 FCFA. Indeed, the reality of surgical practice in health centers was not the same because of the level of skills of practicing surgeons.

关键词： Assessment Surgical Activities 2 Years Reference Health Center of Commune I Bamako

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Eco-Epidemiological Characteristics of Human Rabies in Côte d’Ivoire, 2012-2017

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 13-23页

作者： Zamina Bi Yourou Guillaume tiembré Issiaka Konan Loukou Leandre Bama Martial Yapi Ellélé Aimé Gouzilé Assikohon Pulchérie Dagnan N’Cho Simplice National Institute of Public Hygiene Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Département de Santé Publique et Spécialités UFR des Sciences Médicales d’Abidjan Université Félix HOUPHOU&#203T-BOIGNY de Cocody Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Institut National de Santé Publique Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

Introduction: Human rabies is a major public health problem in many African countries, including Côte d’Ivoire. The present work aims at describing the eco-epidemiological characteristics of human rabies cases recorded in Côte d’Ivoire. Methods: This was a retrospective and prospective cross-sectional descriptive study based on epidemiological surveillance data that ran from september 2014 to december 2017. The clinical data were extracted from the database of the human rabies epidemiological surveillance management service of the National Institute of Public Hygiene’s rabies centre. These data cover the period from 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2017. Results: Human rabies is endemic in Côte d’Ivoire, with most people exposed in the south and especially in the west of the country. There was no association between any of the climatological parameters (temperature, humidity, rainfall) and the occurrence of human rabies during the months of exposure to rabies infection. Conclusion: Ultimately, effective prevention and control of human rabies requires a thorough understanding of the links between climatological parameters and rabies. Health authorities must take ownership of these results if we are to achieve our goal of eliminating rabies by 2030.

关键词： Human Rabies Season Climate Abidjan Ivory Coast

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Land Use and Gully Dynamics in the Kourfa Watershed, Matankari (Southwest Niger)

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2024年第4期16卷 306-320页

作者： Bachirou Hamadou Younoussa Tahirou Hassane Yaou Bouba Hassane Abass Kadade Sabou Abdoulkader Moussa issaka Amadou Abdourhamane Toure Zibo Garba Facult des Sciences et Techniques Universit de Dosso Dosso Niger Facult des Sciences et Techniques Universit Abdou Moumouni de Niamey Niamey Niger Facult des Sciences et Techniques Universit Andr Salifou de Zinder Zinder Niger

The main consequences of climate change in the Sahel have been the metamorphosis of surface conditions. These metamorphoses have resulted in surface degradation, of which silting up of watersheds is the main phenomenon. The objective of this study is to assess the environmental trends of the Kourfa pond watershed. The study is based on diachronic mapping with Landsat satellite images and Google Earth images, over the period 1986 to 2021. The study reveals that vegetation (whose rate of regression doubled between 1986 and 2021) has decreased to the benefit of crop areas (whose rate of increase multiplied by 3.61 between 1986 and 2021). Bare soil and encrusted areas have also decreased, with regression rates almost double than those of 1986. In addition, the Kourfa waterholes have experienced two types of changes over 35 years: one progressive between 2011 and 2016 and the other regressive between 2001 and 2021 compared to 1986. The ravine network has been multiplied by a factor of 2.4, with density more than doubled and the connectivity of the hydrographic networks has risen from 2 to 4, with significant bank recession. This dynamic of the Kourfa pond is linked to the high drainage, the increasing complexity of the gully network and the erosion due to the retreat of the watershed banks, all of which contribute to the silting-up of the Kourfa watershed.

关键词： Kourfa Pond Dynamics Watershed Dosso Niger

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