检索结果-南通市图书馆

A review of the risk of cholera outbreaks and urbanization in sub-Saharan Africa

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity 2020年第2期2卷 71-76页

作者： Alexandre zerbo Rafael Castro Delgado Pedro Arcos Gonzalez Unit for Research in Emergency and Disaster Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversity of Oviedo33006 OviedoSpain

The sub-Saharan region of Africa is rapidly urbanizing,that has consequently spurred the development of specific challenges in terms of access to basic services and ***,exposure to waterborne diseases,including cholera,has been a recurrent problem for the people residing in these urban *** is important to understand the different risks faced by people in urban areas as it might aid in preventing and controlling the spread of the disease.A review of literature was conducted,using specific selection criteria to obtain relevant publications that described the risk factors for cholera outbreak in urban areas of sub-Saharan Africa.A perusal of available literature indicated that despite the heterogeneity in the urban areas of Africa,there are similarities with respect to the risk factors associated with the incidence of cholera *** risk factors include geographical location,hydroclimatic parameters,urban environment,genomics of the Vibrio cholerae virulence,sanitation,and human behavior.A succinct comprehension of the possible relationship between the different risk factors might prove to be helpful in managing the cholera epidemic.

关键词： Cholera Urban environment Sub-Saharan Africa

Vulnerability and everyday health risks of urban informal settlements in Sub-Saharan Africa

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Global Health Journal 2020年第2期4卷 46-50页

作者： Alexandre zerbo Rafael CDelgado Pedro AGonzález Unit for Research in Emergency and Disaster University of Oviedo33006 OviedoSpain

More than half of the world population lives in the cities and around one billion in poor urban *** numbers are projected to increase,while Sub-Saharan Africa is the region with the highest rate of informal settlements due his rapid *** urban informal settlements of Sub-Saharan Africa house everyday health *** risks have considerable cumulative impacts on the wellbeing and health of the urban vulnerable *** the public health consequences of urbanization and the increase of informal settlements number in African cities,there is a paucity in data about the risks at small scale and the vulnerability in poor urban *** the database search engine of MEDLINE,WHO Library and Information Networks for Knowledge and website of Urban Africa Risk Knowledge;from information of the existing literature,this paper tried to analyse the everyday health risks,and vulnerabilities in urban informal settlement in Sub-Saharan Africa region.A search combining keywords associated with health risks and informal settlement in Sub-Saharan Africa were used to identify the relevant documents,and this search yielded 86 articles,of which 15 met the criteria for inclusion in the *** risks of communicable diseases due to inadequate sanitation have been the most frequent subjects of *** settlers in Sub-Saharan Africa face everyday health risks arising from lack of clean water,adequate sanitation,and life in overcrowding ***,there is a burden of communicable and non-communicable diseases,undernourishment and *** most vulnerable group is children under five with a high rate of *** health risks in urban informal settlements must be taken into account for a better understanding of the full spectrum of urban *** is essential in the establishment of efficient public health policies and intervention in urban areas.

关键词： Informal settlements Health risk Vulnerability Sub-Saharan Africa

Chimeric Antigen Receptors and Regulatory T Cells:The Potential for HLA-Specific Immunosuppression in Transplantation

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Engineering 2022年第3期8卷 30-43页

作者： Sabrina Wright Conor Hennessy Joanna Hester Fadi issa Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences University of OxfordOxford OX39DUUK

Chimeric antigen receptors(CARs)are a breakthrough in genetic engineering that have revolutio nized the field of adoptive cellular therapy(ACT).Cells expressing these receptors are rerouted to a predefined target by the inclusion of an antigen-specific binding region within the synthetic CAR *** advantage of cells with programmed specificity has been demonstrated clinically in the field of oncology,and it is clear that such cells have greater accuracy,potency,and reduced off-target therapeutic effects compared with their unmodified *** contrast to conventional T cells(Tconvs),regulatory T cells(Tregs)play a major role in suppressing immune activation and regulating the host immune *** expression within Tregs has been proposed as a therapy for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases,graft-versus-host disease(GVHD),and organ transplant rejectio *** the latter,they hold immense potential as mediators of immune tolerance for recipients of ***,current research into CAR-Treg engineering is extremely limited,and there is uncertainty regarding optimal design for therapeutic *** review examines the rationale behind the development of CAR-Tregs,their significance for human transplantation,potential designs,safety considerations,and comparisons of CAR-Tregs in transplantation models to date.

关键词： Chimeric antigen receptors T cell Treg Alloimmunity Bioengineering Transplant Autoimmunity

Effect of granulated rubber on shear strength of fine-grained sand

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2017年第5期9卷 936-944页

作者： Seyed Mahmoud Anvari issa Shooshpasha Saman Soleimani Kutanaei Department of Civil Engineering Babol University of Technology Babol Iran

Review of the literature related to the mixture of shredded tire and sand shows that,despite of the increase in shear strength due to addition of tire chips,granulated rubber causes reduction in shear strength of *** this study,the shear behavior of mixtures of fine-grained sand and 1-5 mm granulated rubber is *** direct shear tests were conducted on sandegranulated rubber mixtures with various rubber contents(0%,5%,10%,20% and 30%) at different relative densities(50%,70% and 90%) and different normal stresses(34.5 kPa,54.5 kPa,74.5 kPa and 104.5 kPa).The obtained results show that the granulated rubber improves the shear strength of fine-grained sand at medium relative density and low normal *** degree of improvement in shear strength is a function of rubber content,relative density and normal *** results show that at relative density of 50%,by adding 5% granulated rubber,the internal friction angle of sand increases from 35.1° to 39.2°.However,at relative densities of 70% and 90%,addition of granulated rubber to sand decreases its internal friction *** results also indicate that the behavior of sand becomes more ductile with increasing granulated rubber *** granulated rubber leads to greater yielding strain and less tangent stiffness of *** maximum dilation angle decreases with the decrease in granulated rubber *** stress ratio of sample at critical state(ψ= 0°) decreases with increasing granulated rubber content.

关键词： Granulated rubber Fine-grained sand Relative density Shear strength

Synthesis of functionalized azadienes from aminobenzothiazole,acetylenic esters and isocyanides

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Chinese Chemical Letters 2012年第1期23卷 49-52页

作者： issa Yavari Samira Arab-Salmanabadi Ali Aminkhani Department of Chemistry Science and Research BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranlran

The reaction between 2-aminobenzothiazole with dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates in the presence of isocyanides,leads to functionalized azadienes in good yields.

关键词： Aminobenzothiazole Azadiene Isocyanide Zwitterionic intermediate

Isoquinoline-mediated 5-vinylation and N-vinylation of benzo[d]oxazole-2-thiol and benzo[d]thiazole-2-thiol

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Chinese Chemical Letters 2012年第1期23卷 5-8页

作者： issa Yavari Samira Nasiri-Gheidari Anvar Mirzaei Department of Chemistry Tarbiat Modares UniversityPO Box 14115-175TehranIran

An effective route to 5-vinylated and N-vinylated benzo[d]oxazole-2（3H）-thiones and benzo[d]thiazole-2（3H）-thiones is described via reaction of acetylenic esters and benzo[d]oxazole-2-thiol and benzo[d]thiazole-2-... 详细信息

关键词： S-Vinylation N-Vinylation Acetylenic esters Benzo[d]oxazole-2-thiol Benzo[d]thiazole-2-thiol Isoquinoline

Role of ERCP in the era of laparoscopic cholecystectomy for the evaluation of choledocholithiasis in sickle cell anemia

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第14期17卷 1844-1847页

作者： Hussain issa Arabia Ahmed H Al-Salem Department of Internal Medicine King Fahad Specialist HospitalDammamQatif 31911Saudi Department of Pediatric Surgery Maternity and Children HospitalDammamQatif 31911Saudi Arabia

AIM:To evaluate the role of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for choledocholithiasis in patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA) in the era of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). METHODS:Two hundred and twenty four patients (144 male,80 female; mean age,22.4 years; range,5-70 years) with SCA underwent ERCP as part of their evaluation for cholestatic jaundice (CJ). The indications for ERCP were:CJ only in 97,CJ and dilated bile ducts on ultrasound in 103,and CJ and common bile duct (CBD) stones on ultrasound in 42. RESULTS:In total,CBD stones were found in 88 (39.3%) patients and there was evidence of recent stone passage in 16. Fifteen were post-LC patients. These had endoscopic sphincterotomy and stone extraction. The remaining 73 had endoscopic sphincterotomy and stone extraction followed by LC without an intraoperative ***:In patients with SCA and cholelithiasis,ERCP is valuable whether preoperative or postoperative,and in none was there a need to perform intraoperative cholangiography. Sequential endoscopic sphincterotomy and stone extraction followed by LC is beneficial in these patients. Endoscopic sphincterotomy may also prove to be useful in these patients as it may prevent the future development of biliary sludge and bile duct stones.

关键词： Sickle cell anemia Cholelithiasis Choledocholithiasis Laparoscopic cholecystectomy Cholangiography Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

Exploring the dynamic complexity of risk factors for vector-borne infections in sub-Saharan Africa:Case of urban lymphatic filariasis

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity 2021年第1期3卷 17-21页

作者： Alexandre zerbo Rafael Castro Delgado Pedro Arcos González Unit for Research in Emergency and Disaster Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversity of Oviedo33006 OviedoSpain

Dynamic complexity is often a characteristic of public health issues;to visualize these problems as a system rather than isolated elements,system dynamics modeling may be an appropriate *** dynamic complexity of risk factors for lymphatic filariasis(LF)as an urban vector-borne disease has been addressed using system dynamics *** causal loop diagrams(CLDs)were designed to display the network of interactions of risk factors for urban transmission of LF and a potential set of public health interventions.A stock and flow diagram was also designed to capture the transmission dynamics as an accumulation and flow system,and a simulation model was built and *** system dynamics(SD)methodology is suitable for addressing the dynamic complexity of risk factors for LF in urban settings and is well-suited for public health interventions.

关键词： System dynamics Lymphatic filariasis Urban areas Sub-Saharan Africa

Influence of zeolite and cement additions on mechanical behavior of sandy soil

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2016年第5期8卷 746-752页

作者： Hossein Mola-Abasi issa Shooshpasha Geotechnical Department Babol University of Technology

It is well known that the cemented sand is one of economic and environmental topics in soil stabilization. In this instance, a blend of sand, cement and other materials such as fiber, glass, nanoparticle and zeolite can be commercially available and effectively used in soil stabilization in road construction. However, the influence and effectiveness of zeolite on the properties of cemented sand systems have not been completely explored. In this study, based on an experimental program, the effects of zeolite on the characteristics of cemented sands are investigated. Stabilizing agent includes Portland cement of type II and zeolite. Results show the improvements of unconfined compressive strength （UCS） and failure properties of cemented sand when the cement is replaced by zeolite at an optimum proportion of 30% after 28 days. The rate of strength improvement is approximately between 20% and 78%. The efficiency of using zeolite increases with the increases in cement amount and porosity. Finally, a power function of void-cement ratio and zeolite content is demonstrated to be an appropriate method to assess UCS of zeolite-cemented mixtures.

关键词： ZeoliteCemented sand StrengthUnconfined compressive strength (UCS) Void-cement ratio