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Structural Investigation for Locating Petroleum Reservoirs Using Geoinformatics in Meyal, Potwar Region, Pakistan

International Journal of Geosciences 2016年第11期7卷 1345-1355页

作者： Zohaib Fayyaz Dr. Javed Iqbal Ahsan Mehboob muhammad Affan Sabir Abdul Jabbar Institute of Geographical Information System School of Civil and Environmental Engineering National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) Islamabad Pakistan Institute of Geology University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan NUST Institute of Civil Engineering National University of Sciences and Technology Islamabad Pakistan

Reflection Seismology technique (Seismic Survey) is widely used around the world to produce a detailed analogue image of subsurface geological structures. This information is used by petroleum experts to accurately plan the location of oil wells. Seismic survey sections and corresponding well logs exhibit different variables like acoustic impedance of rock, seismic velocity, rock density, porosity, time and depth that can be manipulated in GIS to infer a subsurface model for stratigraphic as well as structural interpretations. In recent years, GIS has emerged as a powerful analytical tool for subsurface mapping and analysis. Petroleum exploration is a map intensive process that requires the powerful capabilities of GIS. Purpose of this research is integration of Geographical Information System with Seismic Surveys for Structural and Stratigraphic Interpretation of subsurface Geology and locating Petroleum Prospects. In this research work, GIS has been used to investigate subsurface geological structures and stratigraphy to carefully analyze the capabilities of GIS for finding new petroleum prospects in active thrust belt of Meyal, Potwar region, Pakistan. Acquisition of two-dip and three-strike seismic lines is along with well log data, followed by spatial seismic data processing, development of geophysical data management interface, interpolation of shot point data, trend surface analysis and Geostatistical analysis using GIS. Subsurface zones of high, low or null probability of petroleum accumulation were then, mapped. Finally, GIS based maps were developed. Geospatial tomography GIS model inferred that study area is structurally deformed and exhibits excessive geological faults, and structural traps. With GIS-tomography interpretation of section 97-MYL-08, a potential oil bearing zone (popup anticline), bounded by two thrust faults was observed at almost 3.6 Km depth in Meyal area with average density of about 2.6 gm/cm3. Thrust fault recognized from s

关键词： Seismic Survey Geographical Information System (GIS) Petroleum Reservoirs

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Biomechanical Study of the Effects of Balloon Kyphoplasty on the Adjacent Vertebrae

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2016年第10期9卷 478-487页

作者： Hiromitsu Takano Ikuho Yonezawa Mitsugu Todo muhammad Hazli Mazlan Tatsuya Sato Kazuo Kaneko Division of Spine Surgery Department of Orthopedic Surgery School of Medicine Juntendo University Tokyo Japan Research Institute for Applied Mechanics Kyushu University Kasuga-City Japan Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences Kyushu University Kasuga-City Japan Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Parit Raja Malaysia

We used the finite element method (FEM) to investigate the stress profiles of vertebrae in patients who underwent balloon kyphoplasty (BKP) for vertebral fracture. BKP is often performed for persistent pain after vertebral fractures. However, fractures are frequently reported in the adjacent vertebrae after BKP. The purpose was to clarify the mechanism of fractures that occur in the adjacent vertebrae after BKP. The subjects were two patients (first case: 74-year-old woman;second case: 88-year-old woman) who had BKP for osteoporotic vertebral fractures (L1). A bone analysis software program, Mechanical Finder, was used to construct three-dimensional finite element models (T11-L3) from computed tomographic (CT) digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) data. Moment loadings were examined to evaluate stress concentrations on the vertebrae. Young’s moduli were lower in the second case than in the first case at all vertebral levels. Maximum Drucker-Prager stresses after BKP were larger in the second case than in the first case for compression, flexion, extension, and axial rotation. Strain energy density decreased in L1 and increased in the adjacent ver-tebrae. Our results suggest that post-BKP fractures of the adjacent vertebrae not only are due to bone fragility, but also can be caused by increased rigidity in the vertebrae filled with bone cement, which increases stress concentration on the adjacent verte-brae and raises the likelihood of fracture.

关键词： Biomechanics Finite Element Method Vertebral Compression Fracture Balloon Kyphoplasty Mechanical Analysis

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Hybrid multi-chip assembly of optical communication engines by in situ 3D nanolithography

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 1340-1350页

作者： Matthias Blaicher muhammad Rodlin Billah Juned Kemal Tobias Hoose Pablo Marin-Palomo Andreas Hofmann Yasar Kutuvantavida Clemens Kieninger Philipp-Immanuel Dietrich Matthias Lauermann Stefan Wolf Ute Troppenz Martin Moehrle Florian Merget Sebastian Skacel Jeremy Witzens Sebastian Randel Wolfgang Freude Christian Koos Institute of Photonics and Quantum Electronics(IPQ) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Engesserstraße 576131 KarlsruheGermany Institute for Microstructure Technology(IMT) KITHermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics(IAI) KITHermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany Vanguard Automation GmbH Gablonzer StraBe 1076185 KarlsruheGermany Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommunications Heinrich Hertz Institute(HHI)Einsteinufer 3710587 BerlinGermany Institute of Integrated Photonics(IPH) RWTH AachenSommerfeldstraße 18/2452074 AachenGermany

Three-dimensional(3D)nano-printing of freeform optical waveguides,also referred to as photonic wire bonding,allows for efficient coupling between photonic chips and can greatly simplify optical system *** a key advantage,the shape and the trajectory of photonic wire bonds can be adapted to the mode-field profiles and the positions of the chips,thereby offering an attractive alternative to conventional optical assembly techniques that rely on technically complex and costly high-precision ***,while the fundamental advantages of the photonic wire bonding concept have been shown in proof-of-concept experiments,it has so far been unclear whether the technique can also be leveraged for practically relevant use cases with stringent reproducibility and reliability *** this paper,we demonstrate optical communication engines that rely on photonic wire bonding for connecting arrays of silicon photonic modulators to InP lasers and single-mode *** a first experiment,we show an eight-channel transmitter offering an aggregate line rate of 448 Gbit/s by low-complexity intensity modulation.A second experiment is dedicated to a four-channel coherent transmitter,operating at a net data rate of 732.7 Gbit/s-a record for coherent silicon photonic transmitters with co-packaged *** dedicated test chips,we further demonstrate automated mass production of photonic wire bonds with insertion losses of(0.7±0.15)dB,and we show their resilience in environmental-stability tests and at high optical *** results might form the basis for simplified assembly of advanced photonic multi-chip systems that combine the distinct advantages of different integration platforms.

关键词： communication lithography bonding

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Risk of “On Job Non Compliance” towards Various COVID-19 Standard &Transmission Based Infection Prevention &Control Measures/Precautions among the Healthcare Workers Working in OPD Settings of Public Sector Tertiary Care Hospitals of Quetta Balochistan (Prospective Cohort Study)

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2021年第4期11卷 390-401页

作者： muhammad Arif muhammad Abdullah Abid Saeed Ambreen Chaudhary Zakir Hussain Ayesha Babar Kawish Mir Abdul Qadir Sheikh Ahmed Saher Sultan Zubair Ahmed Khoso Zahra Gauhar Tahira Kamal Ehsan Larik Department of Health FELTP Pakistan Quetta Pakistan Department of Health WHO Quetta Pakistan Department of Health FELTP Pakistan Islamabad Pakistan Department of Health PIO Rawalpindi Pakistan Department of Health IPH Quetta Quetta Pakistan Department of Community & Preventive Dentistry AMC NUMS Rawalpindi Pakistan Department of Health BMC Quetta Pakistan Department of Health DG Health Office Quetta Pakistan

Background: COVID-19 Pandemic is still circulating within the human population and proving to be a deadlier disease with a mortality rate ranging from 0.5% to 7%. Since COVID-19 is a highly transmissible disease;there is always a probability for its outward spread towards the general public and community from the hospitals and healthcare facilities where they come to seek treatment. Methodology: A prospective cohort study design was used, considering the limited available resources and time—a total of 200 healthcare workers (including doctors, nurses, para-medical staff, janitorial staff, reception staff & pharmacists) working in the OPDs of the two major public sector hospitals of Quetta were made part of this study. The study participants were selected using a simple random sampling technique and selection was made from the daily attendance register. The study participants from “Hospital-A” were first of all educated and trained on various COVID-19 IPC measures later on various COVID-19-IEC materials;written in simple Urdu language, were displayed clearly everywhere in the OPD. Similarly, handwashing stations along with hand sanitizers/soaps and surgical face masks were also made available free of cost for all the study participants of Hospital-A. Moreover the importance and effectiveness of COVID-19 IPC measures were continuously announced in the OPD gallery of Hospital-A, these announcements used simple wording in local languages (i.e., Urdu, Pashto, Balochi and Brahvi). On the other hand, in the OPD of “Hospital-B”, no such interventions were made. The study participants of both the hospitals were followed for one month and observations like which group showed more on-job noncompliance towards various COVID-19 IPC measures were recorded. The data was recorded on daily basis (from 1st May-to-31st May 2021) after observing the study participants for compliance towards using face masks, face shields,

关键词： COVID-19 IPC Measures IEC & BCC Materials

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Seismic Attenuation and Velocity Dispersion to Discriminate Gas Hydrates and Free Gas Zone, Makran Offshore, Pakistan

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International Journal of Geosciences 2016年第8期7卷 1020-1028页

作者： muhammad Irfan Ehsan Perveiz Khalid Nisar Ahmed Jiachun You Xuewei Liu Tahir Azeem School of Geophysics and Information Technology China University of Geosciences (Beijing) Beijing China Institute of Geology University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan

Gas hydrates gained a remarkable attention as an unconventional energy resource recently. In order to interpret gas hydrates (part of fluid) and free gas saturated zone accurately, it is essential to implement new technique related to seismic attenuation and velocity dispersion. P wave attenuation and velocity dispersion in porous media made promising imprints for exploration of gas hydrates. The most prominent phenomenon for attenuation and velocity dispersion in porous media is wave induced fluid flow in which wave inhomogeneities are larger than pore size but smaller than wavelength. Numerical simulation technique is applied to analyze frequency dependent velocity dispersion and attenuation in gas hydrates and free gas layer in Makran offshore of Pakistan. Homogeneous and patchy distribution patterns of gas hydrates and free gas within pore spaces of host sediments at lower and higher frequency regime are considered. It is noted that the attenuation and velocity dispersion increase with the increase in gas hydrates saturation. The maximum attenuation is observed at 66% saturation of gas hydrates in the area under investigation. However, in case of water and gas mixture the maximum attenuation and velocity dispersion occur at low gas saturation (~15%). Therefore, based on our numerical simulation, velocity dispersion and attenuation can be used as seismic attributes to differentiate various gas saturations and gas hydrates saturation for Makran offshore area of Pakistan.

关键词： Gas Hydrates Seismic Attenuation Velocity Dispersion Makran Offshore Seismic Attributes

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宝路和满适金种衣剂对玉米生长发育和产量的影响

宝路和满适金种衣剂对玉米生长发育和产量的影响

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作者：纳西（muhammad Rehman Naseer）吉林大学

学位级别：硕士

本研究于2015和2016年在吉林省长春市吉林大学植物科学学院教学科研试验基地(45°15’N,127°02’E)进行。采用随机区组试验设计,设置宝路包衣(300ml/100kg),满适金包衣(150ml/100kg),和无包衣(对照)三个处理,每处理四次重复,共12个小... 详细信息

本研究于2015和2016年在吉林省长春市吉林大学植物科学学院教学科研试验基地(45°15’N,127°02’E)进行。采用随机区组试验设计,设置宝路包衣(300ml/100kg),满适金包衣(150ml/100kg),和无包衣(对照)三个处理,每处理四次重复,共12个小区。研究宝路和满适金种衣剂包衣对玉米生理代谢和产量的影响。结论如下:1、宝路和满适金包衣处理后,玉米叶片SPAD值和叶绿素含量均显著高于对照。2、宝路和满适金包衣处理后,株高分别为323.025厘米和275.783厘米,宝路比对照高3.16%,满适金比对照低6.81%;穗位高分别为114.183厘米和115.961厘米,宝路比对照低4.7%,满适金比对照低3.22%。3、2015年,宝路和满适金包衣后,玉米产量分别比对照高出8.25%和7.96%,2016年分别比对照高出14.21%和13.14%,年度间产量差异显著。4、本研究表明,宝路和满适金包衣处理后,可促进玉米生长,提高玉米产量。

关键词：玉米种衣剂生长发育叶绿素产量

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Investigation of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Potential Inhibitory Activities of Some Natural Antiviral Compounds Via Molecular Docking and Dynamics Approaches

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第5期91卷 1089-1104页

作者： Nada M.Mostafa muhammad I.Ismail Amr M.El-Araby Dina M.Bahgat Ahmed M.Elissawy Ahmed M.Mostafa Omayma A.Eldahshan Abdel Nasser B.Singab Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of PharmacyAin Shams UniversityCairo11566Egypt Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of PharmacyThe British University in EgyptCairo11837Egypt Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of PharmacyAin Shams UniversityCairo11566Egypt Department of Biochemistry Faculty of PharmacyAin Shams UniversityCairo11566Egypt Center for Drug Discovery and Development Research Ain Shams UniversityCairo11566Egypt

Coronaviruses caused an outbreak pandemic disease characterized by a severe acute respiratory distress syndrome leading to the infection of more than 200 million patients and the death of more than 4 million *** primary treatment is either supportive or *** products have an important role in the development of various ***,screening of natural compounds with reported antiviral activities can lead to the discovery of potential inhibitory entities against *** the current study,an in-silico molecular docking experiment was conducted on the effects of some of these natural antiviral phytoconstituents,(e.g.,procyanidin B2,theaflavin,quercetin,ellagic acid,caffeoylquinic acid derivatives,berginin,eudesm-1β,6α,11-triol and arbutin),on the crystal structure of SARS-CoV-2 main protease(PDB ID:6w63)using AutoDock-Vina *** of the docked compounds revealed good binding affinity,with procyanidin B2(–8.6 Kcal/mol)and theaflavin(–8.5 Kcal/mol)showing a better or similar binding score as the ligand(–8.5 Kcal/mol).Molecular dynamics simulations were carried out at 100 ns and revealed that procyanidin B2 forms a more stable complex with SARS-CoV-2 main protease than *** B2,theaflavin,and 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid were evaluated for toxicity by ProTox-II webserver and were non-toxic according to the predicted LD50 values and safe on different organs and ***,these phytoconstituents showed good ADME properties and acceptable lipophilicity,as evaluated using *** the tested compounds,procyanidin B2 showed the highest lipophilic *** is worth mentioning that these natural inhibitiors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease are components of green and black tea that can be used as a supporting supplement for COVID patients or as potential nuclei for further drug design and development campaigns.

关键词： Coronavirus natural products SARS-CoV-2 main protease molecular docking molecular dynamics tea

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A reference-grade genome assembly for Gossypium bickii and insights into its genome evolution and formation of pigment glands and gossypol

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Plant Communications 2023年第1期4卷 13-27页

作者： Kuang Sheng Yue Sun Meng Liu Yuefen Cao Yifei Han Cheng Li Uzair muhammad muhammad Khan Daud Wanru Wang Huazu Li Samrana Samrana Yixuan Hui Shuijin Zhu Jinhong Chen Tianlun Zhao Institute of Crop Science College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina Novogene Bioinformatics Institute BeijingChina Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureGenome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of AgricultureAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhenChina Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Kohat University of Science and TechnologyKohatPakistan Hainan Institute Zhejiang UniversitySanyaChina

The pigment gland is a morphological characteristic of Gossypium and its related *** bickii(G_(1))is characterized by delayed pigment gland morphogenesis in the *** this study,a referencegrade genome of G_(1) was generated,and comparative genomics analysis showed that G_(1) was closest to Gossypium australe(G_(2)),followed by A-and D-genome *** large fragment translocations in chromosomes 5 and 13 were detected between the G genome and other Gossypiumgenomes and were unique to the G_(1) and G_(2) *** with the G_(2) genome,two large fragment inversions in chromosomes 12 and 13 were detected in G_(1).According to the phylogeny,divergence time,and similarity analysis of nuclear andchloroplast genomes,G_(1)was formedby hybridization between Gossypium sturtianum(C_(1))and a common ancestor of G_(2) and Gossypiumnelsonii(G_(3)).The coordinated expression patterns of pigment gland formation(GoPGF)and gossypol biosynthesis genes in G_(1) were verified to be consistent with its phenotype,and nine genes thatwere related to theprocessof pigmentgland formationwere *** gene,GbiCYP76B6,regulated by GoPGF,was found to affect gossypol *** findings offer insights into the origin and evolution of G_(1) and its mechanism of pigment gland formation and gossypol biosynthesis.

关键词： Gossypium bickii genome evolution gossypol pigment glands

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外加碳氮对不同有机碳土壤N_2O和CO_2排放的影响

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农业环境科学学报 2015年第12期34卷 2410-2417页

作者：田亚男张水清林杉 muhammad Shaaban 何志龙华中农业大学资源与环境学院/农业部长江中下游耕地保育重点实验室武汉430070 河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所郑州450002

以两种有机碳含量不同的土壤为对象,采用室内培养试验方法,研究了外加可溶性碳氮对黄棕壤(高有机碳含量)和紫色土(低有机碳含量)N_2O、CO_2排放的影响。试验设置五种处理分别为:对照(CK),低氮(LN),高氮(HN),低氮配施碳(LNC)和高氮配施碳... 详细信息

以两种有机碳含量不同的土壤为对象,采用室内培养试验方法,研究了外加可溶性碳氮对黄棕壤(高有机碳含量)和紫色土(低有机碳含量)N_2O、CO_2排放的影响。试验设置五种处理分别为:对照(CK),低氮(LN),高氮(HN),低氮配施碳(LNC)和高氮配施碳(HNC)。结果表明,土壤有机碳含量较高的黄棕壤各处理N_2O与CO_2排放均高于紫色土。与对照相比,单施氮肥显著促进了两种土壤N_2O排放,紫色土HN处理N_2O排放最高,而黄棕壤LN处理最高;与单施氮肥相比,LNC和HNC处理均显著降低了紫色土N_2O排放,而黄棕壤仅LNC处理N_2O排放显著降低。外源碳的输入显著提高了两种土壤CO_2排放,但单施氮肥对CO_2排放影响不明显。黄棕壤N_2O排放通量与CO_2排放通量呈极显著正相关,而紫色土N_2O排放通量与CO_2排放通量没有相关关系。上述结果说明,外加可溶性碳氮源对土壤呼吸及硝化-反硝化强度有一定的激发效应。

关键词：不同有机碳土壤可溶性碳 N2O排放 CO2排放

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孤岛式交流微电网储能系统的控制策略

孤岛式交流微电网储能系统的控制策略

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作者：马肃（Maqsood muhammad Awais）北京交通大学

学位级别：硕士

近年来,人们对高效便捷电力系统的需求不断增长,推动了微电网技术的发展。微电网作为一项新兴技术,可以在两种不同模式下切换运行,即孤岛模式和并网模式,其具有比传统供电更灵活的调控方式。储能系统(energy storage system,ESS)对于提... 详细信息

近年来,人们对高效便捷电力系统的需求不断增长,推动了微电网技术的发展。微电网作为一项新兴技术,可以在两种不同模式下切换运行,即孤岛模式和并网模式,其具有比传统供电更灵活的调控方式。储能系统(energy storage system,ESS)对于提高岛屿微电网(microgrid,MG)的可靠性至关重要在孤岛模式下,微电网必须独立于公用电网将电压和频率保持在可接受的范围内。本文针对孤岛交流微电网中的分布式储能系统,提出了一种基于多智能体的平均一致性算法的分布式控制策略。实现了由三个控制级别组成的分层控制结构,即:内部控制、主控制和二级控制。二级控制层由注入功率和系统频率的估计器组成。功率共享通过自适应下垂控制实现。实现了基于多智能体的平均一致性算法,以获得频率和有功功率的平均估计。给出了一种电压补偿方法,以保证公共接入点(point of common coupling,PCC)的电压在可接受的范围内。无功功率分配和电压恢复算法分别采用无功功率和有功功率的综合。该方法在较高的控制水平下不需要额外的电压恢复回路。它设计用于MG孤岛运行,其中MG网络中的分布式储能系统(distributed energy storage system,DESS)形成系统电压和频率,并共享本地负载的有功和无功负载需求。文中还研究了该控制方案对负荷变化的恢复能力。对一个具有三个储能系统的六节点微网系统进行了仿真,以验证所提出的控制策略在分布式电源之间的功率共享,并将电压和频率恢复到标称可接受范围。

关键词：孤岛式交流微电网分布式储能系统下垂控制功率分配空间结构多智能体一致性电源转换器

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