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From single to combinatorial therapies in spinal cord injuries for structural and functional restoration

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 660-670页

作者： Ernesto Doncel-Pérez Gabriel Guízar-Sahagún israel Grijalva-Otero Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos de Toledo Servicio de Salud de Castilla La Mancha(SESCAM)ToledoSpain Medical Research Unit for Neurological Diseases UMAE Hospital de EspecialidadesCentro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIIMSSCiudad de MéxicoMéxico

Spinal cord injury results in paralysis, sensory disturbances, sphincter dysfunction, and multiple systemic secondary conditions, most arising from autonomic dysregulation. All this produces profound negative psychosocial implications for affected people, their families, and their communities;the financial costs can be challenging for their families and health institutions. Treatments aimed at restoring the spinal cord after spinal cord injury, which have been tested in animal models or clinical trials, generally seek to counteract one or more of the secondary mechanisms of injury to limit the extent of the initial damage. Most published works on structural/functional restoration in acute and chronic spinal cord injury stages use a single type of treatment: a drug or trophic factor, transplant of a cell type, and implantation of a biomaterial. Despite the significant benefits reported in animal models, when translating these successful therapeutic strategies to humans, the result in clinical trials has been considered of little relevance because the improvement, when present, is usually insufficient. Until now, most studies designed to promote neuroprotection or regeneration at different stages after spinal cord injury have used single treatments. Considering the occurrence of various secondary mechanisms of injury in the acute and sub-acute phases of spinal cord injury, it is reasonable to speculate that more than one therapeutic agent could be required to promote structural and functional restoration of the damaged spinal cord. Treatments that combine several therapeutic agents, targeting different mechanisms of injury, which, when used as a single therapy, have shown some benefits, allow us to assume that they will have synergistic beneficial effects. Thus, this narrative review article aims to summarize current trends in the use of strategies that combine therapeutic agents administered simultaneously or sequentially, seeking structural and functional restoratio

关键词： neural regeneration neuroprotection spinal cord injury repair spinal cord injury treatments structural restoration of spinal cord injury

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Decoding complexity: the need to enhance precision and streamline spatial understanding in neuroscience

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 801-802页

作者： Sameehan Mahajani Armita Salahi Brenda gonzalez Charlotte Nelson Frank Hsiung Biology&Applications Division NodexusSan JoseCAUSA

Neuroscience is the ultimate frontier in our quest for a comprehensive understanding of human behavior. Since its launch in 2009, the Human Connectome Project has emerged as a pioneering force, making heroic strides i... 详细信息

关键词： behavior frontier dating

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Assessment of k–ε models using tetrahedral grids to describe the turbulent flow field of a PBT impeller and validation through the PIV technique

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2018年第5期26卷 942-956页

作者： Victor X. Mendoza-Escamilla Alejandro Alonzo-Garcia Helvio R. Mollinedo israel.gonzalez-neria J. Antonio Yanez-Varela Sergio A. Martinez-Delgadillo Depto. Electronica Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana Azcapotzalco Av. San Pablo 180 Azcapotzalco CP 07740 Mexico D.F. Mexico CONACyT-Centro de Ingenierfa y Desarrollo Industrial Av. Piaya Pie de la Cuesta 702 Desarrollo San Pablo 76125 Queretaro Qro. Mexico UPIITA Instituto Politecnico Nacional Av. IPN 2580 G.A. Madero CP 07340 Mexico D.F. Mexico Depto. Ciencias Basicas Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana Azcapotzalco Av. San Pablo 180 Azcapotzalco CP 07740 Mexico D.F Mexico

In turbulence modeling, the RNG and Realizable models have important improvements in the turbulent production and dissipation terms in comparison to the Standard. The selection of the appropriate turbulence model has an impact on the convergence and solution in STRs, and they are used in mixing, multiphase modeling or as starting solution of transient models as DES and LES. Although there are several studies with the pitched blade turbine(PBT) impeller, most of them used the Standard model as representative of all k–ε models, using structured hexahedral grids composed of low number of cells, and in some cases under axial symmetry ***, in this work the assessment of the Standard, RNG and Realizable models to describe the turbulent flow field of this impeller, using the Multiple Reference Frame(MRF) and Sliding Mesh(SM) approaches with tetrahedral domains in dense grids, is presented. This kind of cell elements is especially suitable to reproduce complex geometries. Flow velocities and turbulent parameters were verified experimentally by PIV and torque measurements. The three models were capable of predicting fairly the pumping number, the power number based on torque, and velocities. Although the RNG improved the predictions of the turbulent kinetic energy and dissipation rate, the Realizable model presented better performance for both approaches. All models failed in the prediction of the total dissipation rate, and a dependence of its value on the number of cells for the MRF was found.

关键词： Tetrahedral grids PIV Turbulent flow k-ε models Stirred vessel

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Recent developments in the application of oil palm fibers in cement composites

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2020年第1期14卷 94-108页

作者： Emmanuel Owoichoechi MOMOH Adelaja israel OSOFERO School of Engineering University of AberdeenAberdeenAB243UEUK

Fibers obtained from different parts of the oil palm tree(Elaeis guineensis)have been under investigation for possible use in *** have been carried out investigating the engineering properties and possible applications of these ***,the experimental methods employed and the values of mechanical and physical properties recorded by various authors are *** has therefore become necessary to organize information which would be useful in the design of oil palm fiber cement composites and help researchers and engineers make informed decisions in further research and *** review provides information about fibers from different parts of the oil palm,their properties,enhancement techniques,current and potential application in cement composites.

关键词： broom cement composite concrete oil palm fiber Natural fiber-concrete sustainability

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Vulnerability analysis of smallholder farmers to climate variability and change: an agroecological system-based approach in the Fincha’a sub-basin of the upper Blue Nile Basin of Ethiopia

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Ecological Processes 2019年第1期8卷 49-66页

作者： israel Tessema Belay Simane Center for Environment and Development College of Development StudiesAddis Ababa UniversityAddis AbabaEthiopia Environmental Engineering College of Biological and Chemical EngineeringAddis Ababa Science and Technology UniversityAddis AbabaEthiopia

Background:Ethiopia is frequently cited as a country that is highly vulnerable to climate variability and *** country’s high vulnerability arises mostly from climate-sensitive agricultural sector that suffers a lot from risks associated with rainfall *** vulnerability factors(exposure,sensitivity,and adaptive capacity)of the agricultural livelihoods to climate variability and change differ across agro-ecological systems(AESs).Therefore,the aim of this study was to analyze AES-specific vulnerability of smallholder farmers to climate variability and change in the Fincha’a *** surveyed 380 respondents from 4 AESs(highland,midland,wetland,and lowland)randomly ***,focus group discussion and key informant interviews were also performed to supplement and substantiate the quantitative *** vulnerability index was employed to analyze the levels of smallholders’agriculture vulnerability to climate variability and *** on socioeconomic and biophysical attribute were collected and combined into the indices and vulnerability score was calculated for each agro-ecological ***:Considerable variation was observed across the agro-ecological systems in profile,indicator,and the three livelihood vulnerability indices-Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change dimensions(exposure,sensitivity,and adaptive capacity)of *** lowland AES exhibited higher exposure,low adaptive capacity,and high vulnerability,while the midland AES demonstrated lower exposure,higher adaptive capacity,and lower *** wetland and highland AESs scored intermediate ***:Our results suggest that resilience-building adaptation strategies are vital to reduce the vulnerability of smallholder *** measures taken should consider site-specific agro-ecological system requirements to reduce the vulnerability of smallholder mixed crop-livestock agriculture *** the approach based on the long-term rea

关键词： Vulnerability index Exposure Sensitivity Adaptation capacity Fincha’a sub-basin

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In-situ UV-Raman study on soot combustion over TiO_2 or ZrO_2-supported vanadium oxide catalysts

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Science China Chemistry 2008年第6期51卷 551-561页

作者： WACHS israel E. In-situ Molecular Characterization and Catalysis Laboratory Department of Chemical EngineeringLehigh UniversityBethlehemPA 18015USA

UV-Raman spectroscopy was used to study the molecular structures of TiO2 or ZrO2-supported vana-dium oxide *** real time reaction status of soot combustion over these catalysts was de-tected by in-situ UV-Raman *** results indicate that TiO2 undergoes a crystalline phase transformation from anatase to rutile phase with the increasing of reaction ***,no obvious phase transformation process is observed for ZrO2 *** structures of supported va-nadium oxides also depend on the V *** vanadium oxide species supported on TiO2 or ZrO2 attain monolayer saturation when V loading is equal to 4(4 is the number of V atoms per 100 support metal ions).Interestingly,this loading ratio(V4/TiO2 and V4/ZrO2) gave the best catalytic activities for soot combustion reaction on both supports(TiO2 and ZrO2).The formation of surface oxygen com-plexes(SOC) is verified by in-situ UV Raman spectroscopy and the SOC mainly exist as carboxyl groups during soot *** presence of NO in the reaction gas stream can promote the pro-duction of SOC.

关键词： vanadium oxide catalyst UV-Raman in-situ soot combustion

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Complement-dependent neuroinflammation in spinal cord injury:from pathology to therapeutic implications

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1324-1335页

作者： Hassan Saad Bachar El Baba Ali Tfaily Firas Kobeissy Juanmarco Gutierrez gonzalez Daniel Refai Gerald R.Rodts Christian Mustroph David Gimbel Jonathan Grossberg Daniel L.Barrow Matthew F.Gary Ali M.Alawieh Department of Neurosurgery Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurology Yale UniversityNew HavenCTUSA Center for Neurotrauma Multiomics&Biomarkers(CNMB)Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA

Spinal cord injury remains a major cause of disability in young adults,and beyond acute decompression and rehabilitation,there are no pharmacological treatments to limit the progression of injury and optimize recovery in this *** the thorough investigation of the complement system in triggering and propagating cerebral neuroinflammation,a similar role for complement in spinal neuroinflammation is a focus of ongoing *** this work,we survey the current literature investigating the role of complement in spinal cord injury including the sources of complement proteins,triggers of complement activation,and role of effector functions in the *** study relevant data demonstrating the different triggers of complement activation after spinal cord injury including direct binding to cellular debris,and or activation via antibody binding to damage-associated molecular *** effector functions of complement have been implicated in spinal cord injury,and we critically evaluate recent studies on the dual role of complement anaphylatoxins in spinal cord injury while emphasizing the lack of pathophysiological understanding of the role of opsonins in spinal cord *** this pathophysiological review,we systematically review the different translational approaches used in preclinical models of spinal cord injury and discuss the challenges for future translation into human *** review emphasizes the need for future studies to dissect the roles of different complement pathways in the pathology of spinal cord injury,to evaluate the phases of involvement of opsonins and anaphylatoxins,and to study the role of complement in white matter degeneration and regeneration using translational strategies to supplement genetic models.

关键词： complement neuroinflammation neuroplasticity regeneration spinal cord injury targeted therapy

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Effects of Recreational Soccer on Health Outcomes:A Narrative Review

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2019年第2期1卷 142-150页

作者： israel Castillo-Bellot Jose Mora-gonzalez Luis Fradua Francisco B.Ortega Luis Gracia-Marco Department of Physical Education and Sport Faculty of Sport SciencesUniversity of GranadaGranadaSpain PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity(PROFITH)Research Group Department of Physical Education and SportFaculty of Sport SciencesUniversity of GranadaGranadaSpain

Soccer is a very popular team sport that involves a variety of physical actions,such as sprints,accelerations,sudden decelera-tions,and jumps,among *** has placed recreational soccer in a good position as a strategy to increase physical activity levels and promote health across the *** this regard,recreational(non-competitive)soccer promotes social interaction and has the potential to increase long-term adherence to physical activity,even in those without prior experience in this *** this narrative review,we address the effects of recreational soccer on various health outcomes across the lifespan(i.e.,from childhood to the elderly years)in both *** addition,the beneficial effects of recreational soccer for people with prevalent pathologies,such as hypertension,type II diabetes mellitus,and cancer,are discussed.

关键词： Physical fitness Physical activity Hypertension Diabetes Cancer Football

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The Battle over Confucius and Classical Chinese Philosophy in European Early Enlightenment Thought （1670-1730）

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Frontiers of Philosophy in China 2013年第2期8卷 183-198页

作者： Jonathan israel School of Historical Studies Institute for Advanced Study Princeton NJ 08540 USA

A profound split is evident during the period 1670-1730 in the way European scholars and commentators attempted to understand and describe classical Chinese thought. For some, Confucianism acknowledged divine creation and divine governance of the world, immortality of the soul and other elements of Natural Theology. The Radical Enlightenment thinkers, however, and also some Christian scholars denied that Confucianism was based on Natural Theology or pervaded by belief in divine providence, characterizing it rather as monist, naturalist and Spinozist. The disagreement proved fundamental in several respects and proved divisive for the Church, as well as European thought more generally, producing a series of lively disputes that continued over several decades.

关键词： Radical Enlightenment Confucianism atheism naturalism,Spinozism monism Jesuits creation divine providence Natural Theology

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Theoretical knowledge and psychomotor skill acquisition of basic life support training programme among secondary school students

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2019年第2期10卷 81-87页

作者： israel Olatunji Gabriel Joel O.Aluko School of Post Basic Nursing Programmes (Anaesthesia) Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital The Department of Nursing University of Ilorin

BACKGROUND: The aim of the study is to evaluate the theoretical knowledge and psychomotor skill acquisition of basic life support(BLS) by a group of secondary school students in Nigeria pre and post BLS training. METHODS: This was quasi-experimental study design with 210 participants. They were taught on adult BLS and all the participants practiced BLS on a Resusci-Anne manikin immediately after the training. Data were collected using American Heart Association(AHA) structured questionnaire and psychomotor skills checklist for BLS at baseline, and post BLS ***: The pre-training knowledge score was 1.9±1.4. This increased after the BLS training to 11.4±2.4, and the mean difference between the pre and post BLS training scores was 9.48571. Pre-training psychomotor skill score was 0.00±0.00, this increased to 8.9±1.9 after the training, and the mean difference was 8.90000. The knowledge and psychomotor skill difference between pre and post BLS training was signifi cant(P<0.000).CONCLUSION: Most Nigerian secondary school students were not knowledgeable about BLS. Therefore, there is need for the creation of more awareness among the students.

关键词： Cardiopulmonary resuscitation Basic life support Education School students Lifesaving skills Nigeria

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