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A Brassica carinata pan-genome platform for Brassica crop improvement

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Plant Communications 2024年第1期5卷 20-23页

作者： Yan Niu Qingqing Liu Zhesi He Rosy Raman Hao Wang Xinxin Long Han Qin Harsh Raman isobel A.P.parkin Ian Bancroft Jun Zou National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina Department of Biology University of YorkHeslingtonYork YO105DDUK NSW Department of Primary Industries Wagga Wagga Agricultural InstituteWagga WaggaNSW 2650Australia Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Saskatoon Research and Development CentreSaskatoonSKCanada

Dear Editor,Brassica carinata(Bc Bc Cc Cc),an important agricultural crop cultivated for the edible oil,leafy vegetable,high-value protein stockfeed,and biofuel markets,contains favorable genetic variation that can be exploited to develop climate-resilient and wateruse-efficient Brassica crops(Seepaul et al.,2021).Although several quantitative trait loci(QTLs)for flowering time,seed quality traits,and pod shatter resistance(PSR)have been identified based on high-density genetic linkage maps(Zou et al.,2014;Raman et al.,2017;Zhang et al.,2017),this information alone is insufficient for practical genetic improvement and breeding applications.

关键词： breeding crops cultivated

The measurement of sexual selection on females and males

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Current Zoology 2013年第4期59卷 558-563页

作者： Karoline FRITZSCHE isobel BOOKSMYTHE Animal Ecology Department of Ecology and Genetics Evolutionary Biology Centre Uppsala University Norbyvagen 18D SE - 752 36 Uppsala Sweden

As in any field of research, the study of sexual selection is subject to ongoing debate over definitions and interpreta- tions of the fundamental concepts involved. These arguments generally promote progress, as they highlight areas where current explanations are incomplete. Here we briefly review two ongoing discussions in the sexual selection literature. First, the definition of sexual selection has received renewed interest in light of increasing research effort into when and how it operates in females. Second, how best to measure sexual selection is an ongoing subject of debate; in practice, recognition that the appropriate measures depend on the focus of the specific study, and that multiple measures should be employed wherever possible, seems to provide the most informative approach. The wide scope of recent empirical work in these and related areas, with the application of new techniques and approaches, reflects that the field of sexual selection is being constantly expanded and enriched

关键词： Sexual selection Mating system Mating success Reproductive success Postcopulatory sexual selection Sex roles

Understanding the impact of disease and vaccine mechanisms on the importance of optimal vaccine allocation

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2023年第2期8卷 539-550页

作者： isobel R.Abell James M.McCaw Christopher M.Baker School of Mathematics and Statistics The University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia Melbourne Centre for Data Science The University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics Melbourne School of Population and Global HealthThe University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity The Royal Melbourne Hospital and the University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia Centre of Excellence for Biosecurity Risk Analysis The University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia

Vaccination is an important epidemic intervention ***,it is generally unclear how the outcomes of different vaccine strategies change depending on population characteristics,vaccine mechanisms and allocation *** this paper we develop a conceptual mathematical model to simulate strategies for pre-epidemic *** extend the SEIR model to incorporate a range of vaccine mechanisms and disease *** then compare the outcomes of optimal and suboptimal vaccination strategies for three public health objectives(total infections,total symptomatic infections and total deaths)using numerical *** comparison shows that the difference in outcomes between vaccinating optimally and suboptimally depends on vaccine mechanisms,disease characteristics,and objective *** modelling finds vaccines that impact transmission produce better outcomes as transmission is reduced for all *** vaccines that impact the likelihood of symptomatic disease or dying due to infection,the improvement in outcome as we decrease these variables is dependent on the strategy *** a principled model-based process,this work highlights the importance of designing effective vaccine allocation *** conclude that efficient allocation of resources can be just as crucial to the success of a vaccination strategy as the vaccine effectiveness and/or amount of vaccines available.

关键词： Mathematical modelling Epidemiology

A lateral ankle sprain during a lateral backward step in badminton:A case report of a televised injury incident

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第1期12卷 139-144页

作者： Daniel T.P.Fong Kam-Ming Mok isobel M.Thompson Yuehang Wang Wei Shan Mark A.King National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine School of SportExercise and Health SciencesLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughLE113TUUK Office of Student Affairs Lingnan UniversityHong Kong 999077China Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology Prince of Wales HospitalFaculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China China Institute of Sport and Health Science Beijing Sport UniversityBeijing 100084China

Background:This study presents a kinematic analysis of an acute lateral ankle sprain incurred during a televised badminton *** kinematics of this injury were compared to those of 19 previously reported cases in the published ***:Four camera views of an acute lateral ankle sprain incurred during a televised badminton match were synchronized and rendered in3-dimensional animation software.A badminton court with known dimensions was built in a virtual environment,and a skeletal model scaled to the inj ured athlete’s height was used for skeletal *** ankle joint angle and angular velocity profiles of this acute injury were compared to the summarized findings from 19 previously reported cases in the published ***:At foot strike,the ankle joint was 2° everted,33° plantarflexed,and 18° internally *** inversion of 114° and internal rotation of 69° was achieved at 0.24 s and 0.20 s after foot strike,*** the foot strike,the ankle joint moved from an initial position of plantarflexion to dorsiflexion-from 33° plantarflexion to 53° dorsiflexion(range=86°).Maximum inversion,dorsiflexion,and internal rotation angular velocity were 1262°/s,961°/s,and 677°/s,respectively,at 0.12 s after foot ***:A forefoot landing posture with a plantarflexed and internally rotated ankle joint configuration could incite an acute lateral ankle sprain injury in *** of lateral ankle sprains in badminton should focus on the control and stability of the ankle joint angle during forefoot landings,especially when the athletes perform a combined lateral and backward step.

关键词： Ankle Biomechanics Injury prevention Ligament injuries Sports medicine

Cost-effectiveness of patient specific vs conventional instrumentation for total knee arthroplasty:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2023年第6期14卷 458-470页

作者： isobel M Dorling Lars Geenen Marion J L F Heymans Jasper Most Bert Boonen Martijn G M Schotanus Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology Zuyderland Medical CenterSittard-Geleen 6162 BGLimburgNetherlands Zuyderland Academy Zuyderland Medical CenterSittard-Geleen 6155 NHLimburgNetherlands School of Care and Public Health Research Institute(CAPHRI) Faculty of HealthMedicine and Life SciencesMaastricht 6229 ERLimburgNetherlands Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology Maastricht University Medical CenterMaastricht 6229 HXLimburgNetherlands

BACKGROUND Over the past years,patient specific instrumentation(PSI)for total knee arthroplasty(TKA)has been implemented and routinely *** clear answer has been given on its associated cost and cost-effectiveness when compared to conventional instrumentation(CI)for *** To compare the cost and cost-effectiveness of PSI TKA compared to CI *** A literature search was performed in healthcare,economical healthcare,and medical databases(MEDLINE,EMBASE,CINAHL,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,EconLit).It was conducted in April 2021 and again in January *** literature included randomised controlled trials,retrospective studies,prospective studies,observational studies,and case control *** studies were assessed on methodological *** outcomes included incremental cost-effectiveness ratio,quality-adjusted life years,total costs,imaging costs,production costs,sterilization associated costs,surgery duration costs and readmission rate *** eligible studies were assessed for risk of ***-analysis was performed for outcomes with sufficient *** Thirty-two studies were included into the systematic *** were included in the metaanalysis.3994 PSI TKAs and 13267 CI TKAs were included in the sample *** methodological quality of the included studies,based on Consensus on Health Economic Criteria-scores and risk of bias,ranged from average to *** TKA costs less than CI TKA when considering mean operating room time and its associated costs and tray sterilization per patient *** TKA costs more compared to CI TKA when considering imaging and production *** total costs per patient case,PSI TKA is more expensive in comparison to CI ***-analysis comparing total costs for PSI TKA,and CI TKA showed a significant higher cost for PSI *** Cost for PSI and CI TKA can differ when considering distinct aspects of their *** costs per patient case are increased for PSI TKA whe

关键词： Total knee arthroplasty Patient specific instrumentation Instrumentation for total knee arthroplasty Cost-effectiveness Systematic review

Insect herbivory along environmental gradients

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Open Journal of Ecology 2012年第4期2卷 202-213页

作者： Nigel R. Andrew isobel R. Roberts Sarah J. Hill Centre for Behavioural and Physiological Ecology Zoology University of New England Armidale Australia

There is a general assumption in the literature that insect herbivory increases towards the tropics, but decreases with increasing altitude. Similar generalities have been identified along other environmental gradients, such as resource, temperature, climatic and biotic gradients. However there is growing evidence in the scientific literature that such generalities are not consistent. This could be due to a number of reasons including the lack of consistency in the way herbivory is assessed such as different methodologies used by researchers, or fundamental differences in leaf damage caused by different types of insect herbivores. Here we assess 61 publications researching insect herbivory along a range of environmental gradients (both biotic and abiotic) and review the methods that researchers have used to collected their data. We found leaf chewing from samples collected in North America dominated the field and most studies assessed herbivory on a single host plant species. Thirty three percent of the studies assessed latitudinal gradients, while 10% assessed altitudinal gradients. Insect herbivory was most commonly expressed as percentage leaf damage using point herbivory. Fewer studies measured a range of different types of herbivory (such as sap sucking, leaf mining, galling, and root feeding) as leaves aged. From our synthesis, we hope that future research into insect herbivory along environmental gradients will take into account herbivory other than just leaf chewing, such as sap sucking, which may cause more damage to plants. Future research should also assess herbivory as a rate, rather than just a single point in time as damage to a young leaf may be more costly to a plant than damage to a mature or senescing leaf. Measurements of plant traits will also assist in comparing herbivory across habitats, plant species, and within species physiological variation. The true impacts that insects have on plants via herbivory along environmental gradients are still p

关键词： Insect Herbivory Gradients Leaf Chewing Sap Sucking Galling Root Feeding

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造书

2018年

作者： (英)伊泽贝尔·霍尔(isobel Hall)

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消毒剂的使用和滥用

国际护理学杂志 1982年第1期3卷 38-39页

作者： isobel Maurer ,黄世明

医院中很多感染的爆发不少是由于化学消毒剂的缺陷与消毒力弱所致,因此,在可能范围内应尽量使用非化学的消毒法如热力消毒和清洗消毒。使用化学消毒剂时必须谨慎选择。溶液应每天新鲜配制,并按规定使用浓度,储存于已用热力消毒的清洁容... 详细信息

医院中很多感染的爆发不少是由于化学消毒剂的缺陷与消毒力弱所致,因此,在可能范围内应尽量使用非化学的消毒法如热力消毒和清洗消毒。使用化学消毒剂时必须谨慎选择。溶液应每天新鲜配制,并按规定使用浓度,储存于已用热力消毒的清洁容器内备用。对于使用化学消毒剂的工作人员应给予指导和监督,以防滥用,并应用微生物学监测以期发现细菌的污染。在所有医院中,使用消毒剂是为了预防和控制感染,但由于滥用消毒剂往往导致失败。某些化学消毒剂未能使设备成功地消毒而致医院感染爆发,也可由于化学消毒剂中生长了细菌而使感染扩散。

关键词：消毒剂医院感染所有化学基团消毒法抗菌法微生物学监测

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半变异函数(第一部分)

中国矿山工程 1980年第4期 8-12页

作者： isobel Clark 陈仁憲

用地质统计学估计储量的方法可以分为两个部分,第一部分是研究物理上的和统计学上的矿床结构并予以模型化,即是迠立半变异函数来表达矿床中变量的连续性与结构。第二部分是估值本身,即克里金法,克里金法完全取决于第一部分的工作——迠... 详细信息

用地质统计学估计储量的方法可以分为两个部分,第一部分是研究物理上的和统计学上的矿床结构并予以模型化,即是迠立半变异函数来表达矿床中变量的连续性与结构。第二部分是估值本身,即克里金法,克里金法完全取决于第一部分的工作——迠立半变异函数的理论模型。

关键词：半变异函数矿床品位矿藏地质统计学