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A New Statistical Approach to Assess Climate Variability in the White Bandama Watershed,Northern Cote d’Ivoire

Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2018年第4期8卷 410-430页

作者： Franck Zokou Yao Emmanuel Reynard ismaila ouattara Yao Alexis N’go Jean-Michel Fallot Issiaka Savane Faculty of Sciences and Environmental Management University Nangui AbrogouaAbidjanCote d’Ivoire Institute of Geography and Sustainability University of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland

The population of northern Côte d’Ivoire, especially in the white Bandama watershed, lives for majority in rural areas and depends on farming, which is mainly linked to climate variability. This study evaluates the trends within watershed’s hydro-climatic variables and their level of significance over the period 1950-2000. The methodological approach consists in applying successively standardized indexes to detect trends and breaks in hydro-climatic long-term data. The Mann-Kendall statistical test lets us know the trends significance and the Kendall-Theil Robust Line test reveals their magnitude. The Student’s t test underlines break years. Results show that although rainfall has decreased, this decline is not statistically significant. However, temperature and potential evapotranspiration have strongly rised and discharge was submitted to high decline. These changes in hydrometeorological variables appeared from 1970 to 1980. This study is different from others conducted on climate variability in the northern Côte d’Ivoire by the methodological statistical framework implemented and the understanding of significance level of climate trends. Until now, authors used the standardized index to detect trends in hydro-climatic parameters. For this work, we added the Mann-Kendall statistical test to assess the significance level of these trends at α = 5% and 10%. Then, the Kendall-Theil statistical test was used to highlight the trends magnitude and the student’s t test to know the break years.

关键词： Hydro-Climatic Trend Statistical Tests White Bandama Watershed

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Influence of Land Use Land Cover Change on Groundwater Recharge in the Continental Terminal Area of Abidjan,Ivory Coast

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2020年第5期12卷 431-453页

作者： Kouakou Koffi Abdelaziz Yalo Nicaise Luc Séguis ismaila ouattara Ouedraogo Moussa Kouassi Kouame Auguste Bamory Kamagate Kone Diakaria Graduate Research Program on Climate Change and Water Resources West African Science Service Center on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use(WASCAL)Department of Applied HydrologyCotonouBenin Laboratory of Applied Hydrology National Water InstituteUniversity of Abomey-CalaviCotonouBenin Ird Institute of Research and DevelopmentUniversite de MontpellierMontpellierFrance Laboratoire GeoSciences et Environnement(LGE) UFR Sciences et Gestion de Environnement(SGE)University of Nangui Abrogoua(UNA)AbidjanCote d’Ivoire Direction des ressources en eau(DRE) Office National de l’Eau Potable(ONEP)AbidjanCote d’Ivoire

The process by which rainfall reaches the aquifer in a sedimentary area is infiltration. This process could be affected quantitatively or qualitatively by the changes in the land use land cover (LULC) as a result of anthropogenic activities which could affect groundwater reserves. This study focuses on the influence of LULC change on groundwater recharge in the context of urbanization and population growth. Four weather stations data and satellite image data were used in order to evaluate water infiltration which is the amount of water that reaches the piezometric surface from 1990 to 2016. The spatial-temporal LULC change in relation to urbanization sprawl was assessed based on a series of Landsat images for 1990, 2000 and 2016. The maximum likelihood pixel-based on classification method was used to analyze the spatial-temporal LULC dynamics. The Thiessen polygon method was used for the mean area precipitation computation. The recharge was determined using water balance method after determining the runoff based on the Soil Conservation Service curve number method. The results show an increase in built-up and agricultural land, while the forest and shrub areas declined with water body remaining unchanged over the period 1990-2016. The decline in forest could be imputed to the demographic and socio-economic growth as expressed by the expansion of agriculture and urbanization. Groundwater recharge and runoff results are respectively 34%, 20% in 1999;21%, 46% in 2000 and 26%, 14% in 2016 of rainfall and show their strong dependence on precipitation and LULC change.

关键词： Groundwater Recharge Runoff LULC SCS Curve Number Continental Terminal Abidjan

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The Essential Oil of Ocimum americanum from Senegal and Gambia as a Source of Methyleugenol for the Control of Bactrocera dorsalis, Fruit Fly

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2024年第1期13卷 133-141页

作者： Yoro Tine Antonio Alain Coffi Sinzogan Ousmane Ndiaye Cebastiana Sambou Alioune Diallo ismaila Mbenga Kemo Badji El Hadji Omar Dieng Assa Balayara Jeanne Diatta Cheikhouna Gaye Julien Paolini Jean Costa Alassane Wele Saliou Ngom Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique Faculté de Médecine Pharmacie et Odontologie Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sénégal Faculte des Sciences Agronomiques Universite d’Abomey Calavi Cotonou Benin Ecole Nationale Supérieure d’Agriculture (ENSA) Université Iba Der Thiam de Thiès Thiès Sénégal Direction de la Protection des Végétaux Rufisque Sénégal Laboratoire de Chimie des Produits Naturels Université de Corse Corte France National Agricultural Research Institute (NARI) Sere Kunda Gambia Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles (ISRA) Dakar Sénégal

The fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) is one of the most important pests in all mango-producing areas, particularly in West Africa. In Senegal, O. americanum leaves have been used for several years to control this fly. However, to our knowledge, no chemical studies have been carried out. Thus, the aim of this study is to determine the chemical composition of the essential oil of O. americanum leaves collected in Senegal and Gambia. The essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation of these leaves is analyzed by GC/FID and GC/MS. Yields of essential oils from O. americanum leaves are 3.84% and 2.13%, respectively. Analysis of these essential oils by GC/FID and GC/MS allowed the identification of 23 compounds representing almost 100% of the total compositions. These essential oils are mainly dominated by methyleugenol (72.0% and 75.8%, respectively). Other components in significant percent are trans-β-caryophyllene (13.9% and 13.0%, respectively), germacrene D (4.1% and 3.7%, respectively), β-elemene (3.3% and 0.9%, respectively). Due to the high methyleugenol content, this study explains the attractive potential of O. americanum towards B. dorsalis. In perspective, we plan to evaluate the attractive effect of the essential oil and leaf powder of O. americanum against B. dorsalis, a real pest of mango orchards in Senegal.

关键词： Ocimum americanum Essential Oils Methyleugenol Bactrocera dorsalis GC/MS

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Cross-sectional prevalence and pattern of non-anaemia severe malaria among 2–10 year olds in Sokoto in Northwestern Nigeria

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Frontiers of Medicine 2022年第6期16卷 969-974页

作者： Usman Nasir Nakakana Ridwan Muhammad Jega Aliyu Mamman Nauzo Yahya Mohammed ismaila Mohammed Ahmed Medical Research Council The Gambia Unit at London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineFajara220The Gambia Department of Paediatrics Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching HospitalSokoto234Nigeria Department of Paediatrics Federal Medical CentreBirnin Kebbi234Nigeria Department of Microbiology Usmanu Danfodiyo UniversitySokoto234Nigeria Department of Community Medicine Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching HospitalSokoto234Nigeria

Malaria is highly prevalent in Nigeria and accounts for approximately 40%of global malaria ***,most reports on severe malaria in Nigeria are from hospital-based studies without accurate information from communities;thus,malaria-related deaths in the community are left *** study aimed to describe the prevalence and pattern of severe malaria in a community in Northwestern Nigeria.A cross-sectional study was conducted among 2–10-year-old children in Sokoto,in August and December 2016,to determine the endemicity of malaria based on Plasmodium falciparum prevalence rate(PfPR2-10)and to describe the disease *** malaria was diagnosed according to the World Health Organisation *** were described using Stata version *** prevalence of non-anaemia severe malaria was higher than expected(2.6%),considering the endemicity pattern which was mesoendemic based on a PfPR2-10 of 34.8%.The mean age of children with severe malaria was 3.73 years,and the male—female ratio was 2:***,54.0%of the patients had hyperparasitaemia.A relatively high prevalence of non-anaemia severe malaria was found in *** finding suggests the need to identify and treat cases in the community using modifications of current strategies,particularly seasonal malaria chemoprophylaxis.

关键词： severe malaria nigeria malaria mortality PfPR2-10 intermediate malaria transmission

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Machine learning in concrete science:applications,challenges,and best practices

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1192-1208页

作者： Zhanzhao Li Jinyoung Yoon Rui Zhang Farshad Rajabipour Wil V.Srubar III ismaila Dabo Aleksandra Radlińska Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA Department of Structural Engineering Research Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology(KICT)Goyang-si10223Republic of Korea Department of Civil Environmentaland Architectural EngineeringUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderCO80309USA Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado BoulderBoulderCO80309USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA

Concrete,as the most widely used construction material,is inextricably connected with human *** conceptual and methodological progress in concrete science,concrete formulation for target properties remains a challenging task due to the ever-increasing complexity of cementitious *** the ability to tackle complex tasks autonomously,machine learning(ML)has demonstrated its transformative potential in concrete *** the rapid adoption of ML for concrete mixture design,there is a need to understand methodological limitations and formulate best practices in this emerging computational ***,we review the areas in which ML has positively impacted concrete science,followed by a comprehensive discussion of the implementation,application,and interpretation of ML *** conclude by outlining future directions for the concrete community to fully exploit the capabilities of ML models.

关键词： concrete directions autonomous

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Thermodynamic analysis of steam reforming of glycerol for hydrogen production at atmospheric pressure

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2021年第1期15卷 60-71页

作者： Ammaru ismaila Xueli Chen Xin Gao Xiaolei Fan Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science School of EngineeringThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK Institute of Clean Coal Technology East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China School of Chemical Engineering and Technology National Engineering Research Center of Distillation TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Tianjin)Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Thermodynamic chemical equilibrium analysis of steam reforming of glycerol(SRG)for selective hydrogen production was performed based on the Gibbs free energy minimisation *** ideal SRG reaction(C_(3)H_(8)O_(3)+3H_(2)O→3CO_(2)+7H_(2))and a comprehensive set of side reactions during SRG are considered for the formation of a wide range of ***,this work focused on the analysis of formation of H_(2),CO_(2),CO and CH4 in the gas phase and determination of the carbon free region in SRG under the conditions at atmospheric pressure,600 K–1100 K and 1.013×10^(5)–1.013×10^(6) Pa with the steam-to-glycerol feed ratios(SGFR)of 1:5–*** reaction conditions which favoured SRG for H_(2) production with minimum coke formation were identifies as:atmospheric pressure,temperatures of 900 K–1050 K and SGFR of 10:*** influence of using the inert carrier gas(i.e.,N_(2))in SRG was studied as well at atmospheric *** the presence of N_(2) in the stream decreased the partial pressure of reactants,it was beneficial to improve the equilibrium yield of H_(2).Under both conditions of SRG(with/without inert gas),the CH4 production is minimised,and carbon formation was thermodynamically unfavoured at steam rich conditions of SGFR>5:1.

关键词： steam reforming of glycerol H_(2) N_(2) carbon deposition thermodynamic analysis Gibbs free energy minimisation

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Quantum-continuum simulation of underpotential deposition at electrified metal–solution interfaces

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npj Computational Materials 2017年第1期3卷 470-476页

作者： Stephen E.Weitzner ismaila Dabo Department of Materials Science and Engineering Materials Research Instituteand Penn State Institutes of Energy and the EnvironmentThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA

The underpotential deposition of transition metal ions is a critical step in many electrosynthetic *** underpotential deposition has been intensively studied at the atomic level,first-principles calculations in vacuum can strongly underestimate the stability of underpotentially deposited *** has been shown recently that the consideration of co-adsorbed anions can deliver more reliable descriptions of underpotential deposition reactions;however,the influence of additional key environmental factors such as the electrification of the interface under applied voltage and the activities of the ions in solution have yet to be *** this work,copper underpotential deposition on gold is studied under realistic electrochemical conditions using a quantum-continuum model of the electrochemical *** report here on the influence of surface electrification,concentration effects,and anion co-adsorption on the stability of the copper underpotential deposition layer on the gold(100)surface.

关键词： potential copper electrochemical

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The Influence of Advertising on Consumers Behavior of Samsung Company in Ghana

The Influence of Advertising on Consumers Behavior of Samsun...

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作者： SHAIBU ismaila MOHAMMMED 江苏大学

学位级别：硕士

企业生存与发展的关键因素是其营销能力,也就是说服人们购买其产品或服务的能力。然而,市场竞争程度日趋激烈,竞争内容无所不在,营销方式花样翻新,以便吸引当前和潜在客户的关注。因此,许多企业都在寻找快速吸引、留住和满足消费者的方... 详细信息

企业生存与发展的关键因素是其营销能力,也就是说服人们购买其产品或服务的能力。然而,市场竞争程度日趋激烈,竞争内容无所不在,营销方式花样翻新,以便吸引当前和潜在客户的关注。因此,许多企业都在寻找快速吸引、留住和满足消费者的方法。其中,广告是影响消费者消费行为的关键因素之一。本文将聚焦研究广告对消费者行为的影响,实证分析加纳三星电子公司的相关内容,探讨该公司最佳的营销渠道以促进其产品销售给目标客户。本研究考察了广告对加纳三星顾客消费行为的影响。从加纳的大阿克拉地区选出了包括Achimota、Haatso、Circle、Tema及Adabraka五个社区,这些社区本研究的受访者包括来自加纳大阿克拉地区这些社区的三星客户。本研究采用抽样随机概率抽样方法,共发放问卷450份。其中,有效问卷441份用来证明提出的假设关系。论文应用SPSS(26.0版)报告受访者的人口统计信息,采用Smart PLS 3.0版基于结构方程模型的偏最小二乘评估研究模型。从计量分析结果看,采集的数据满足内部一致性信度、共线性、收敛和判别效度。研究结论表明,口碑广告、名人代言、社交媒体广告对消费者行为有正向影响,具有统计学显著性。该结论意味着口碑广告、名人代言、社交媒体广告影响消费者行为,从而导致扩大商品和服务的购买量。研究结果显示,名人代言对消费者行为的影响最大,其次是社交媒体广告,最后是口碑广告。同时,本研究进一步证实,客户满意度在社交媒体广告与消费者行为的关系中具有正向且显著的中介作用。此外,价格变量在显著地调节了口碑与消费者行为之间的联系具有统计学意义。基于定量研究结果,建议管理层应通过具有积极属性的名人来推广商品和服务,企业管理者应创建如博客等高参与度的广告平台,以吸引潜在消费者购买商品或服务。

关键词：广告消费者行为价格顾客满意度

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Implementation of distortion symmetry for the nudged elastic band method with DiSPy

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npj Computational Materials 2019年第1期5卷 685-693页

作者： Jason M.Munro Vincent S.Liu Venkatraman Gopalan ismaila Dabo Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Materials Research Institute The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Penn State Institutes of Energy and the Environment The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Department of Physics The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA

The nudged elastic band(NEB)method is a commonly used approach for the calculation of minimum energy pathways of kinetic ***,the final paths obtained rely heavily on the nature of the initially chosen *** often necessitates running multiple calculations with differing starting points in order to obtain accurate ***,it has been shown that the NEB algorithm can only conserve or raise the distortion symmetry exhibited by an initial *** this knowledge,symmetryadapted perturbations can be generated and used as a tool to systematically lower the initial path symmetry,enabling the exploration of other low-energy pathways that may ***,the group and representation theory details behind this process are presented and implemented in a standalone piece of software(DiSPy).The method is then demonstrated by applying it to the calculation of ferroelectric switching pathways in LiNbO_(3).Previously reported pathways are more easily obtained,with new paths also being found which involve a higher degree of atomic coordination.

关键词： symmetry distortion details

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Renewable hydrogen production from steam reforming of glycerol(SRG)over ceria-modified Y-alumina supported Ni catalyst

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第9期28卷 2328-2336页

作者： Ammaru ismaila Huanhao Chen Yan Shao Shaojun Xu Yilai Jiao Xueli Chen Xin Gao Xiaolei Fan Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science School of EngineeringThe University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences Wuyi UniversityJiangmen 52920China School of Chemistry Cardiff UniversityMain BuildingPark PlaceCardiffCF103ATUnited Kingdom UK Catalysis Hub Research Complex at HarwellRutherford Appleton LaboratoryHarwellOxon OX110FAUnited Kingdom Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Institute of Clean Coal Technology East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Excess crude glycerol derived as a by-product from biodiesel industry prompts the need to valorise glycerol to value-added *** this context,catalytic steam reforming of glycerol(SRG) was proposed as a promising and sustainable alternative for producing renewable hydrogen(H2).Herein,the development of nickel(Ni) supported on ceria-modified mesoporous γ-alumina(γ-Al2 O3) catalysts and their applications in catalytic SRG(at550-750℃ atmospheric pressure and weight hourly space velocity,WHSV,of 44,122 ml·g^-1·h^-1(STP)) is *** of the developed catalysts were characterised using many technique *** findings show that ceria modification improved Ni dispersion on γ-Al2 O3 catalyst support with highly active small Ni particles,which led to a remarkable catalytic performance with the total glycerol conversion(ca.99%),glycerol conversion into gaseous products(ca.77%) and H2 yield(ca.62%).The formation rate for H2 production(14.4 ×10^(-5)mol·s^-1·g^-1, TOF(H2)=3412 s^-1) was significantly improved with the Ni@12 Ce-Al2 O3 catalyst,representing nearly a 2-fold increase compared with that of the conventional Ni@AI2 O3 *** addition,the developed catalyst also exhibited comparatively high stability(for 12 h) and coke resistance ability.

关键词： Steam reforming of glycerol(SRG) Hydrogen(H2) Nickel(Ni)catalysts Ceria Y-Alumina(γ-Al2O3)

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