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Consistency in bird community assembly over medium-term along rural-urban gradients in Argentina

Ecological Processes 2021年第1期10卷 449-458页

作者： Lucas m.Leveau Departamento de Ecología Genética y EvoluciónFacultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos Aires–IEGEBA(CONICET–UBA)Ciudad UniversitariaPab 2Piso 41426 Buenos AiresArgentina

Background:The analysis of bird community assembly rules is fundamental to understand which mechanisms determine the composition of bird species in urban ***,the long-term variation of community assembly rules has not been analyzed *** objectives of this study are(1)to analyze the variation of community assembly rules along rural-urban gradients of three cities in central Argentina and(2)to compare the patterns of community assembly between two periods separated by 6 *** surveys were performed along transects in urban,suburban,and rural habitats during 2011 and *** from null models that took into account differences in species richness(standardized effect size,SES)were calculated for functional and phylogenetic ***:A total of 57 species were *** species richness was higher in suburban than in urban and rural *** of functional diversity increased over the years and was significantly lower in urban habitats than in rural habitats,showing a pattern of functional clustering in the most urbanized areas and functional randomness in rural *** diversity was higher in both suburban and urban habitats than rural ones,and the phylogenetic clustering in rural bird assemblages changed to randomness in suburban and urban ***:Bird communities in urban habitats were phylogenetically random and functionally clustered,evidencing environmental filtering by *** contrast,bird communities in rural areas tended to be phylogenetically clustered,evidencing that certain clades are adapted to rural *** processes structuring bird communities along rural-urban gradients were consistent between the 2 years compared.

关键词： Birds Interannual Latin America Neotropics Urbanization

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Oral spore-based probiotic supplementation was associated with reduced incidence of post-prandial dietary endotoxin, triglycerides, and disease risk biomarkers

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology 2017年第3期8卷 117-126页

作者： Brian k mcFarlin Andrea L Henning Erin m Bowman melody A Gary kimberly m Carbajal Applied Physiology Laboratory University of North Texas Department of Biological Sciences University of North Texas

To determine if 30-d of oral spore-based probiotic supplementation could reduce dietary endotoxemia. mETHODSApparently healthy men and women (n = 75) were screened for post-prandial dietary endotoxemia. Subjects whose serum endotoxin concentration increased by at least 5-fold from pre-meal levels at 5-h post-prandial were considered “responders” and were randomized to receive either placebo (rice flour) or a commercial spore-based probiotic supplement [Bacillus indicus (HU36), Bacillus subtilis (HU58), Bacillus coagulans, and Bacillus licheniformis, and Bacillus clausii] for 30-d. The dietary endotoxemia test was repeated at the conclusion of the supplementation period. Dietary endotoxin (LAL) and triglycerides (enzymatic) were measured using an automated chemistry analyzer. Serum disease risk biomarkers were measured using bead-based multiplex assays (Luminex and milliplex) as secondary, exploratory measures. RESULTSData were statistically analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and a P mentation was associated with a 42% reduction in endotoxin (12.9 ± 3.5 vs 6.1 ± 2.6, P = 0.011) and 24% reduction in triglyceride (212 ± 28 vs 138 ± 12, P = 0.004) in the post-prandial period Placebo subjects presented with a 36% increase in endotoxin (10.3 ± 3.4 vs 15.4 ± 4.1, P = 0.011) and 5% decrease in triglycerides (191 ± 24 vs 186 ± 28, P = 0.004) over the same post-prandial period. We also found that spore-based probiotic supplementation was associated with significant post-prandial reductions in IL-12p70 (24.3 ± 2.2 vs 21.5 ± 1.7, P = 0.017) and IL-1β (1.9 ± 0.2 vs 1.6 ± 0.1, P = 0.020). Compared to placebo post supplementation, probiotic subject had less ghrelin (6.8 ± 0.4 vs 8.3 ± 1.1, P = 0.017) compared to placebo subjects. CONCLUSIONThe key findings of the present study is that oral spore-based probiotic supplementation reduced symptoms indicative of “leaky gut syndrome”.

关键词： metabolic endotoxemia Chronic disease Leaky gut syndrome Probiotics multiplex Cardiovascular disease Inflammatory cytokines High-fat meal challenge

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*** Part Ⅰ:A Gridded Wet Bulb Temperature Extremes Index Product for Climate monitoring

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2023年第11期40卷 1952-1967页

作者： kate m.WILLETT met Office Hadley Centre FitzRoy RoadExeterEX13PBU.K.

*** is an annually updated global gridded monthly monitoring product of wet and dry bulb temperature–based extremes indices,from January 1973 to December *** quality,including spatial and temporal stability,is a key *** hourly data are quality *** is assessed on monthly means and used to score each gridbox according to its homogeneity rather than to apply *** enables user-specific screening for temporal stability and avoids errors from inferring adjustments from monthly means for the daily maximum *** general use,a score(HQ Flag)of 0 to 6 is recommended.A range of indices are presented,aligning with existing standardised ***,provision of both wet and dry bulb indices allows exploration of heat event character—whether it is a“humid and hot”,“dry and hot”or“humid and warm”*** is designed for analysis of long-term trends in regional *** can be used to study local events,but given the greater vulnerability to errors of maximum compared to mean values,cross-validation with independent information is advised.

关键词： wet bulb temperature heat extremes climate monitoring

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High prevalence of chronic viral hepatitis B and C in minnesota Somalis contributes to rising hepatocellular carcinoma incidence

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第35期28卷 5217-5229页

作者： Essa A mohamed Nasra H Giama Abubaker O Abdalla Hassan m Shaleh Abdul m Oseini Hamdi A Ali Fowsiyo Ahmed Wesam Taha Hager Ahmed mohammed Jessica Cvinar Ibrahim A Waaeys Hawa Ali Loretta k Allotey Abdiwahab O Ali Safra A mohamed William S Harmsen Eimad m Ahmmad Numra A Bajwa mohamud D Afgarshe Abdirashid m Shire Joyce E Balls-Berry Lewis R Roberts Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Center for Clinical and Translational Science Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States School of Nursing University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55455United States Division of Digestive Diseases Emory School of MedicineAtlantaGA 30322United States Department of Laboratory medicine and Pathology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Internal medicine NewYork-Presbyterian QueensFlushingNY 11355United States Department of Pediatrics University of Nevada Las VegasLas VegasNV 89154United States Department of Quantitative Health Sciences Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of medicine Gargar Urgent Care and ClinicMinneapolisMN 55406United States Office of the Director Shire ScientificMinneapolisMN 55405United States Department of Neurology Washington University School of Medicine in St LouisSt LouisMO 63130United States knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center Washington University School of MedicineSt LouisMO 63130United States

BACkGROUND Chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)and hepatitis C virus(HCV)infections are known risk factors for liver disease,cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).There is substantial global variation in HBV and HCV prevalence resulting in variations in cirrhosis and *** previously reported high prevalence of HBV and HCV infections in Somali immigrants seen at an academic medical center in *** To determine the prevalence of chronic viral hepatitis in Somali immigrants in minnesota through a community-based screening *** We conducted a prospective community-based participatory research study in the Somali community in minnesota in partnership with community advisory boards,community clinics and local mosques between November 2010 and December 2015(data was analyzed in 2020).Serum was tested for hepatitis B surface antigen,hepatitis B core antibody,hepatitis B surface antibody and anti-HCV *** Of 779 participants,15.4%tested positive for chronic HBV infection,50.2%for prior exposure to HBV and 7.6%for chronic HCV *** age-adjusted frequencies in males and females for chronic HBV were 12.5%and 11.6%;for prior exposure to HBV were 44.8%and 41.3%;and for chronic HCV were 6.7%and 5.7%,*** participants developed incident HCC during follow *** Chronic HBV and HCV are major risk factors for liver disease and HCC among Somali immigrants,with prevalence of both infections substantially higher than in the general United States ***-based screening is essential for identifying and providing health education and linkage to care for diagnosed patients.

关键词： Viral hepatitis Liver disease Community engagement African Immigrant health

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Comparative Assessment of Cow manure Vermicompost and NPk Fertilizers and on the Growth and Production of Zinnia (Zinnia elegans) Flower

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2015年第9期5卷 193-198页

作者： Shahin Sultana md. Abul kashem Abul k. m. m. mollah Asian University for Women Chittagong Bangladesh Department of Soil Science Chittagong University Chittagong Bangladesh

A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the comparative effect of cow manure vermicompost and NPk fertilizers on the growth and flower production of Zinnia (Zinnia elegans). An air dried sandy loam soil was mixed with four rates of NPk fertilizer equivalent to 0 (control), 0.5 dose (N-P-k = 69-16-35 kg·haǃ), 1 dose (recommended) (N-P-k = 137-32-70 kg·haǃ), 2 doses (N-P-k = 274-64-140 kg·haǃ) and 4 doses (N-P-k = 548-128-280 kg·haǃ) and three rates of vermicompost equivalent to 5%, 10%, 20% by oven dry weight. Two plants were grown in each pot. After blooming of flowers, the plants were harvested at 50 days of growth and leaves and stems were separated. The growth parameters (shoot height, root length, leaf number, total number of flower, flower diameter, fresh and dry weight of flower) of Zinnia plant increased by the application of vermicompost and the effect of NPk fertilizer was not found effective. The growth performance was similar between 10% and 20% and hence 10% vermicompost should be taken into consideration when ornamental plants are grown in potting media.

关键词： Organic Fertilizer Soil Rates of Fertilizer Flower

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Analytical review and study on object detection techniques in the image

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International Journal of modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2021年第5期12卷 1-19页

作者： Sriram k.V R.H.Havaldar Electronics and Communication Engineering Angadi Institute of Technology and management Belagavi KarnatakaIndia Biomedical Engineering kLE Dr.m.S.Sheshgiri College of Engineering and Technology BelagaviKarnatakaIndia

Object detection is the most fundamental but challenging issues in the field of computer *** detection identifies the presence of various individual objects in an *** success is attained for object detection/recognition problems in the controlled environment,but still,the problem remains unsolved in the uncontrolled places,particularly,when the objects are placed in arbitrary poses in an occluded and cluttered *** the last few years,a lots of efforts are made by researchers to resolve this issue,because of its wide range of applications in computer vision tasks,like content-enabled image retrieval,event or activity recognition,scene understanding,and so *** review provides a detailed survey of 50 research papers presenting the object detection techniques,like machine learning-based techniques,gradient-based techniques,Fast Region-based Convolutional Neural Network(Fast R-CNN)detector,and the foreground-based ***,the machine learning-based approaches are classified into deep learning-based approaches,random forest,Support Vector machine(SVm),and so ***,the challenges faced by the existing techniques are explained in the gaps and issues *** analysis based on the classification,toolset,datasets utilized,published year,and the performance metrics are *** future dimension of the research is based on the gaps and issues identified from the existing research works.

关键词： Object detection fast region-based convolutional neural network foreground object detection underwater object detection mean average precision activity recognition

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On Inverse Limits and Direct Limits for Fuzzy Topological Spaces

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模糊系统与数学 2010年第1期24卷 45-50页

作者： A.Behera J.k.Sahu Department of mathematics National Institute of Technology Department of mathematics G.M.College

Li has introduced the concepts of inverse system and direct system for fuzzy topological spaces and studied inverse limits and direct limits on such spaces by presenting the explicit constructions of these *** this paper some important concepts of fuzzy topology,such as,product fuzzy topology,quotient fuzzy topology,fuzzy continuity etc.,are used for further study of inverse limits and direct limits for fuzzy topological spaces.

关键词：模糊拓扑逆向极限方向极限代数

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monitoring and Analysis of SPm of an Industrial Town of Punjab （India）

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering 2010年第6期4卷 31-37页

作者： k.m. Susheel G. krunesh S. Nirankar School of Chemistry ＆ Biochemistry Thapar University Patiala 147004 India Punjab Pollution Control Board Nabha Road Patiala 147001 India

Suspended particulate matter （SPm） levels in ambient air were monitored at mandi Gobindgarh, an industrial town of Punjab, India located on the National Highway-1 during November 2001 to march 2002 covering spring and winter seasons to check the variation of SPm and its constituents in the town. The maximum levels of SPm varied between 594 μg/m^3 to 620 μg/m^3 at selected monitoring sites while the minimum levels varied between 209μg/m^3 to 220 μg/m^3. These values were observed always above the National Ambient Air Quality Standards （NAAQS） set by the State regulatory body. major sources of SPm were identified as the industrial activity and traffic plying on the national highway. Collected SPm samples were further analyzed for the ignitable matter as loss on ignition （LOI） and organic tarry matter （OTm） content. Ignitable component of the SPm constituted about 45% and tarry matter in the ambient air was about 12%. Effects of meteorological parameters like temperature, wind direction and wind speed on SPm levels are discussed.

关键词： Ambient air SPm monitoring tarry and ignitable matter seasonal variation

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Geochronology and Geochemistry of Ore-related Granitoids in the Giant Gariatong Rb Deposit,Tibet and Implications for Rb metallogeny in China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第1期98卷 83-103页

作者： LIN Bin TANG Juxing TANG Pan SUN Yan QI Jing mSANTOSH XIE Jinling DENG Shilin LI Faqiao XIE Fuwei ZHOU Aorigele mNR key Laboratory of metallogeny and mineral Assessment Institute of Mineral ResourcesChinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China SinoProbe Laboratory Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100094China The key Laboratory of the ministry of Education on Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling School of Environment and ResourceSouthwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyangSichuan 621010China School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China Department of Earth Sciences University of AdelaideAdelaide SA-5005Australia Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China Regional Geological Survey Team of the Tibetan Bureau of Geology and mineral Exploration and Development Lhasa 851400China College of Earth Science and key Laboratory of Tectonic Controlled mineralization and Oil Reservoirs Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China

Rubidium(Rb)deposits mostly occur in the South China and Central Asia orogenic belts and are often closely associated with highly differentiated *** study investigates a newly-discovered giant Rb deposit at Gariatong in the Central Lhasa terrane in *** field studies and logging data revealed that the Rb mineralization mainly occurs in monzogranite and is related to ***-ICP-mS U-Pb dating of zircon yielded ages of 19.1±0.2 ma and 19.0±0.2 ma for greisenized monzogranite and fresh monzogranite,*** monzogranites are characterized as strongly peraluminous,with high contents of SiO2,Al2O3,k2O and Na2O as well as a high differentiation *** are enriched in light rare earth and large ion lithophile elements with significant negative Eu anomalies and depleted high fieldstrength *** and geochemical features of these ore-related monzogranites suggest that they are highly fractionated S-type granites,derived from remelting of crustal materials in a post-collisional *** geochemistry of zircon and apatite points to a low oxygen fugacity of the ore-related monzogranite during the magma’s *** discovery of the Gariatong Rb deposit suggests that the Central Lhasa terrane may be an important region for rare metal mineralization.

关键词： LA-ICP-mS U-Pb dating geochemistry Rb metallogeny Gariatong Tibet

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Growth of monodisperse nanospheres of mnFe_2O_4 with enhanced magnetic and optical properties

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Chinese Physics B 2013年第10期22卷 453-459页

作者： m.Yasir Rafique 潘礼庆 Qurat-ul-ain Javed m.Zubair Iqbal 邱红梅 m.Hassan Farooq 郭振刚 m.Tanveer College of Science and Research Institute for New Energy China Three Gorges University Department of Physics University of Science and Technology of Beijing School of material Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of Beijing Research Center of materials Science Beijing Institute of Technology

Highly dispersive nanospheres of mnFe204 are prepared by template free hydrothermal method. The nanospheres have 47.3-nm average diameter, narrow size distribution, and good crystallinity with average crystallite size about 22 nm. The reaction temperature strongly affects the morphology, and high temperature is found to be responsible for growth of uniform nanospheres. Raman spectroscopy reveals high purity of prepared nanospheres. High saturation magnetization （78.3 emu/g）, low coercivity （45 Oe, 10e = 79.5775 ***-1）, low remanence （5.32 emu/g）, and high anisotropy constant 2.84 × 10^4 J/m3 （10 times larger than bulk） are observed at room temperatures. The nearly snperparamagnetic behavior is ~ spin due to comparable size of nanospheres with superparamagnetic critical thameter Dcr spm The high value of keff may be due to coupling between the pinned moment in the amorphous shell and the magnetic moment in the core of the nanospheres. The nanospheres show prominent optical absorption in the visible region, and the indirect band gap is estimated to be 0.98 eV from the transmission spectrum. The prepared mn ferrite has potential applications in biomedicine and photocatalysis.

关键词： mn ferrite magnetic materials hydrothermal method superparamagnetic Raman spectroscopy

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