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COVID-19 and comorbidities of hepatic diseases in a global perspective

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第13期27卷 1296-1310页

作者： Aqsa Ahmad Syeda Momna ishtiaq Junaid Ali Khan Rizwan Aslam Sultan Ali Muhammad Imran Arshad Institute of Microbiology University of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabad 38040PunjabPakistan Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology University of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabad 38040PunjabPakistan

The worldwide outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) has challenged the priorities of healthcare system in terms of different clinical management and infection transmission, particularly those related to hepatic-disease comorbidities. Epidemiological data evidenced that COVID-19 patients with altered liver function because of hepatitis infection and cholestasis have an adverse prognosis and experience worse health outcomes. COVID-19-associated liver injury is correlated with various liver diseases following a severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus type 2(SARS-CoV-2) infection that can progress during the treatment of COVID-19 patients with or without pre-existing liver disease. SARS-CoV-2 can induce liver injury in a number of ways including direct cytopathic effect of the virus on cholangiocytes/hepatocytes, immune-mediated damage, hypoxia, and sepsis. Indeed, immediate cytopathogenic effects of SARSCoV-2 via its potential target, the angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 receptor, which is highly expressed in hepatocytes and cholangiocytes, renders the liver as an extra-respiratory organ with increased susceptibility to pathological outcomes. But, underlying COVID-19-linked liver disease pathogenesis with abnormal liver function tests(LFTs) is incompletely understood. Hence, we collated COVID-19-associated liver injuries with increased LFTs at the nexus of pre-existing liver diseases and COVID-19, and defining a plausible pathophysiological triad of COVID-19, hepatocellular damage, and liver disease. This review summarizes recent findings of the exacerbating role of COVID-19 in pre-existing liver disease and vice versa as well as international guidelines of clinical care, management, and treatment recommendations for COVID-19 patients with liver disease.

关键词： Liver disease COVID-19 Pathophysiology Epidemiology Prophylaxis

Multi-user rate and power analysis in a cognitive radio network with massive multi-input multi-output

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2018年第5期19卷 674-684页

作者： Shang LIU ishtiaq AHMAD Ping ZHANG Zhi ZHANG State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Department of Electrical Engineering University of Lahore

This paper discusses transmission performance and power allocation strategies in an underlay cognitive radio （CR） network that contains relay and massive multi-input multi-output （MIMO）. The downlink transmission performance of a relay-aided massive MIMO network without CR is derived. By using the power distribution criteria, the kth user＇s asymptotic signal to interference and noise ratio （SINR） is independent of fast fading. When the ratio between the base station （BS） antennas and the relay antennas becomes large enough, the transmission performance of the whole system is independent of BS-to-relay channel parameters and relates only to the relay-to-users stage. Then cognitive transmission performances of primary users （PUs） and secondary users （SUs） in an underlay CR network with massive MIMO are derived under perfect and imperfect channel state information （CSI）, including the end-to-end SINR and achievable sum rate. When the numbers of primary base station （PBS） antennas, secondary base station （SBS） antennas, and relay antennas become infinite, the asymptotic SINR of the kth PU and SU is independent of fast fading. The interference between the primary network and secondary network can be canceled *** performance does not include the interference temperature. The secondary network can use its peak power to transmit signals without causing any interference to the primary network. Interestingly, when the antenna ratio becomes large enough, the asymptotic sum rate equals half of the rate of a single-hop single-antenna K-user system without fast fading. Next, the PUs＇ utility function is defined. The optimal relay power is derived to maximize the utility function. The numerical results verify our analysis. The relationships between the transmission rate and the antenna nunber, relay power, and antenna ratio are simulated. We show that the massive MIMO with linear pre-coding can mitigate asymptotically the interference in a multi-user underl

关键词： Massive multi-input multi-output Cognitive radio Relay network Tiansmission rate Power analysis

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Management of chronic hepatitis B during pregnancy

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Gastroenterology Report 2018年第4期6卷 257-262,I0001页

作者： Aysha Aslam Karen Joanie Campoverde Reyes Vijayram Reddy Malladi Rizwan ishtiaq Daryl T.Y.Lau Liver Center Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyDepartment of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonMassachusettsUSA Neuroendocrine Unit Department of MedicineMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA

Chronic hepatitis B is globally prevalent and is a major cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular *** immunoprophylaxis against hepatitis B in pregnancy,perinatal transmission still occurs in at least 10%of the children born to a mother with high level of *** regarding hepatitis B therapy during pregnancy must take into account the benefits and safety for both the mother and the unborn *** this review,we summarize the current treatment options for chronic hepatitis B with a focus on management during pregnancy and the evidence-based strategies to prevent vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus(HBV).

关键词： Chronic hepatitis B pregnancy nucleoside analogue hepatitis B therapy

Extraction of DNA suitable for PCR applications from mature leaves of Mangifera indica L.

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2012年第4期13卷 239-243页

作者： Muhammad Abubakkar AZMAT Iqrar Ahmad KHAN Hafiza Masooma Naseer CHEEMA ishtiaq Ahmad RAJWANA Ahmad Sattar KHAN Asif Ali KHAN Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology University of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics University of Agricul-tureFaisalabadPakistan University College of Agriculture Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultanPakistan Institute of Horticultural Sciences University of AgricultureFais-alabadPakistan

Good quality deoxyribonucleic acid （DNA） is the pre-requisite for its downstream applications. The presence of high concentrations of polysaccharides, polyphenols, proteins, and other secondary metabolites in mango leaves poses problem in getting good quality DNA fit for polymerase chain reaction （PCR） applications. The problem is exacerbated when DNA is extracted from mature mango leaves. A reliable and modified protocol based on the cetyl trimethylammonium bromide （CTAB） method for DNA extraction from mature mango leaves is described here. High concentrations of inert salt were used to remove polysaccharides; Polyvinylpyrrolidone （PVP） and 13-mercaptoethanol were employed to man＇age phenolic compounds. Extended chloroform-isoamyl alcohol treatment followed by RNase treatment yielded 950-1050 pg of good quality DNA, free of protein and RNA. The problems of DNA degradation,contamination, and low yield due to irreversible binding of phenolic compounds and coprecipitation of polysaccharides with DNA were avoided by this method, The DNA isolated by the modified method showed good PCR amplification using simple sequence repeat （SSR） primers, This modified protocol can also be used to extract DNA from other woody plants having similar problems.

关键词： Extraction buffer Mango Polyphenols DNA isolation Simple sequence repeat (SSR) Secondary metabotites

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Clematis huchouensis Tamura: a traditional Chinese herbal medicine and its quality control by high performance liquid chromatography fingerprint technique

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Clematis huchouensis Tamura: a traditional Chinese herbal me...

Splenic injuries secondary to colonoscopy:Rare but serious complication

中国化学会第二十五届学术年会

作者： Muhammad ishtiaq Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute Zhejiang UniversityNo. 38 Zhe da Road Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China

A simple, precise and reliable high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) protocol was demarcated and validated for the study of fingerprint chromatograms of extracts from the whole plant of Clemat

关键词： Tian Mu Shan Traditional Chinese medicines, Clematis huchouensis Tamura Rutin HPLC Flavonoids

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2020年第2期12卷 55-67页

作者： Waqas Ullah Mamoon Ur Rashid Asif Mehmood Yousaf Zafar ishtiaq Hussain Deepika Sarvepalli Muhammad Khalid Hasan Department of Internal Medicine Abington HospitalAbingtonPA 19001United States Department of Internal Medicine Advent Health HospitalOrlandoFL 32804United States Department of Internal Medicine Geisinger Medical CenterDanvillePA 17822United States Department of Internal Medicine UMKC5100 Rockhill RdKansas CityMO 64110United States Department of Gastroenterology Cleveland ClinicWestonFL 33331United States Department of Gastroenterology Advent Health HospitalOrlandoFL 32804United States

BACKGROUND Colonoscopy is a safe and routine diagnostic and therapeutic procedure for evaluation of large bowel *** common procedure related complications include bleeding and perforation but rarely a splenic *** To investigate the reason for colonoscopy,presentation of patient with spleen injury,types of injury,diagnosis,management and outcomes of patients METHODS A structured search on four databases was done and 45 articles with 68 patients were *** reason for colonoscopy,presentation of patient with spleen injury,types of injury,diagnosis,management and outcomes of patients were identified and analyzed using *** The mean age of the patients was 62.7 years with 64%*** two percent had a complete splenic rupture with colonoscopy while 63%had subcapsular hematoma,spleen laceration and spleen *** most common reason for colonoscopy was screening(46%)followed by diagnostic colonoscopy(28%).Eighty seven percent of patients presented with abdominal *** with spleen rupture mostly required splenectomy(47%),while minor spleen hematomas and lacerations were managed conservatively(38%).Six percent of the patients were managed with proximal splenic artery splenic embolization and 4%were managed with laparoscopic *** overall mortality was 10%while 77%had complete *** reason of colonoscopy against presentation specifically,abdominal pain showed no statistical significance P=*** indication of colonoscopy had no significant impact on incidence of splenic injury(P=0.89).Majority of the patients(47%)were managed with splenectomy while the rest were managed conservatively(P=0.04).This association was moderately strong at a cramer’s V test(0.34).The Fisher exact test showed a higher mortality with spleen rupture(P=0.028).CONCLUSION Spleen rupture due to colonoscopy is a significant concern and is associated with high *** management of the patients can be individualized based on clinical pre

关键词： Colonoscopy Spleen Splenic rupture Systematic review Splenic injuries

Potential mechanisms of hepatitis B virus induced liver injury

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第35期20卷 12462-12472页

作者： Mohd Suhail Hany Abdel-Hafiz Ashraf Ali Kaneez Fatima Ghazi A Damanhouri Esam Azhar Adeel GA Chaudhary ishtiaq Qadri King Fahd Medical Research Center King Abdul Aziz University Department of Medicine University of Colorado Health Sciences Center at Fitzsimons IQ Institute of Infection and Immunity Special Infectious Agents Unit-Biosafety Level 3 King Fahd Medical Research CenterKing Abdul Aziz University Medical Laboratory Technology Department Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences King Abdul Aziz University

Chronic active hepatitis(CAH) is acknowledged as an imperative risk factor for the development of liver injury and hepatocellular *** histological end points of CAH are chronic inflammation,fibrosis and cirrhosis which are coupled with increased DNA synthesis in cirrhotic vs healthy normal *** potential mechanism involved in CAH includes a combination of processes leading to liver cell necrosis,inflammation and cytokine production and liver scaring(fibrosis).The severity of liver damage is regulated by Hepatitis B virus genotypes and viral *** viral and cellular factors that contribute to liver injury are discussed in this *** injury caused by the viral infection affects many cellular processes such as cell signaling,apoptosis,transcription,DNA repair which in turn induce radical effects on cell survival,growth,transformation and *** consequence of such perturbations is resulted in the alteration of bile secretion,gluconeogenesis,glycolysis,detoxification and metabolism of carbohydrates,proteins,fat and balance of *** identification and elucidation of the molecular pathways perturbed by the viral proteins are important in order to design effective strategy to minimize and/or restore the hepatocytes injury.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis B virus genotype Hepatocellular carcinoma Woodchuck hepatitis virus Ground squirrel hepatitis virus Peripheral blood mononuclear cells Interferon regulatory factor 7 Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 TNF receptor-associated factor 3

Pancreatic necrosis:Complications and changing trend of treatment

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2019年第4期11卷 198-217页

作者： Mamoon Ur Rashid ishtiaq Hussain Sundas Jehanzeb Waqas Ullah Saeed Ali Akriti Gupta Jain Neelam Khetpal Sarfraz Ahmad Department of Internal Medicine Advent Health Graduate Medical Education Department of Gastroenterology Cleveland Clinic Internal Medicine Abington Hospital Department of Gynecologic Oncology Advent Health Cancer Institute

Incidence of acute pancreatitis seems to be increasing in the Western countries and has been associated with significantly increased morbidity. Nearly 80% of the patients with acute pancreatitis undergo resolution; some develop complications including pancreatic necrosis. Infection of pancreatic necrosis is the leading cause of death in these patients. A significant portion of these patients needs surgical interventions. Traditionally, the "gold standard" procedure has been the open surgical necrosectomy, which is now being completed by the relatively lesser invasive interventions. Minimally invasive surgical(MIS) procedures include endoscopic drainage, percutaneous image-guided catheter drainage, and retroperitoneal drainage. This review article discusses the open and MIS interventions for pancreatic necrosis with each having its own respective benefits and disadvantages are covered.

关键词： Pancreatic necrosis Necrosectomy Open surgery Minimally invasive surgery Complications Treatment Review article

Physicochemical,rheological and antioxidant profiling of yogurt prepared from non-enzymatically and enzymatically hydrolyzed potato powder under refrigeration

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2023年第1期12卷 69-78页

作者： ishtiaq Ahmad Zhouyi Xiong Hanguo Xiong Rana Muhammad Aadil Nauman Khalid Allah Bakash Jvaid Lakhoo Zia-ud-din Asad Nawaz Noman Walayat Rao Sanaullah Khan College of Food Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Fisheries Research Institute Wuhan Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430207China National Institute of Food Science and Technology University of AgricultureFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Schools of Food and Agricultural Sciences University of Management and TechnologyLahore 54000Pakistan College of Food Science and Technology Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China

Evidences show that the storage period greatly affects the quality of *** this study,three types of yogurt:control yogurt(CY),non-hydrolyzed potato powder yogurt(PPY)and enzymatically hydrolyzed potato powder yogurt(EHPPY)were prepared at 42℃ for 5 h and stored for 28 days at 4℃.The yogurts were evaluated for quality characteristics at different storage *** differences in pH values,titratable acidities and viable counts were detected in all three types of yogurt during ***,compared to other yogurts,EHPPY exhibited desirable water holding capacity,throughout the storage *** from this,sensory properties and antioxidant activities(2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl(DPPH)free radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power(FRAP))of EHPPY were also significantly improved during the storage ***,the storage(G’)and loss(G”)modulus of PPY,EHPPY were lower than CY at 4℃ while a hysteresis loop was shown by all yogurts at the temperature range of 4-50℃ indicating higher G’(elasticity)than G”(viscosity).Based on our findings,EHPP could be an important functional ingredient in improving the quality and storage stability of yogurt for its production at an industrial level.

关键词： Storage stability Potato powder Yogurt Rheology Microbiology Antioxidant activity

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