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Analysis of b→cτν¯_(τ)anomalies using weak effective Hamiltonian with complex couplings and their impact on various physical observables

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第8期48卷 56-75页

作者： Muhammad Arslan Tahira Yasmeen Saba Shafaq ishtiaq ahmed Muhammad Jamil Aslam Department of Physics Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad 45320Pakistan Department of Physics International Islamic UniversityIslamabad 44000Pakistan National Center for Physics Islamabad 44000Pakistan

Recently,the experimental measurements of the branching ratios and different polarization asymmetries for processes occurring through flavor-changing-charged current(b→cτν¯_(τ))transitions by BABAR,Belle,and LHCb have revealed some significant differences from the corresponding Standard Model(SM)*** has triggered an interest to search for physics beyond the SM in the context of various new physics(NP)models and using the model-independent weak effective Hamiltonian(WEH).Assuming left-handed neutrinos,we add the dimension-six vector,(pseudo-)scalar,and tensor operators with complex Wilson coefficients(WCs)to the SM *** 60%,30%,and 10%constraints resulting from the branching ratio of B_(c)→τν¯_(τ),we reassess the parametric space of these new physics WCs accommodating the current anomalies based on the most recent HFLAV data of R_(τ/μ,e)(D)and R_(τ/μ,e)(D^(*))and Belle data of F_(L)(D^(*))and P_(τ)(D^(*)).We find that the allowed parametric region of left-handed scalar couplings strongly depends on the constraints of the B_(c)→τν¯_(τ)branching ratio,and the maximum pull from the SM predictions results from the<60%branching ratio ***,the parametric region changes significantly if we extend the analysis by adding LHCb data of R_(τ/μ)(J/ψ)and R_(τ/ℓ)(Λ_(c)).Furthermore,due to the large uncertainties in the measurements of R_(τ/μ)(J/ψ)and R_(τ/ℓ)(X_(c)),we derive the sum rules which complement them with R_(τ/μ,e)(D)and R_(τ/μ,e)(D^(*)).Using the best-fit points of the new complex WCs along with the latest measurements of R_(τ/μ,e)(D(^(*))),we predict the numerical values of the observable R_(τ/ℓ)(Λ_(c)),R_(τ/μ)(J/ψ),and R_(τ/ℓ)(X_(c))from the sum *** simultaneous dependence of abovementioned physical observables on the NP WCs is established by plotting their correlation with R_(D) and R_(D^(*)),which are useful to discriminate between various NP *** find that the most significant impact of NP results from the WC C^(S)_(L)=4C^(T).Fi

关键词： B meson anomalies new physics complex coupling HFLAV

Analysis of b→cτ■ anomalies using weak effective Hamiltonian with complex couplings and their impact on various physical observables

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第8期 59-78页

作者： Muhammad Arslan Tahira Yasmeen Saba Shafaq ishtiaq ahmed Muhammad Jamil Aslam Department of Physics Quaid-i-Azam University Department of Physics International Islamic University National Center for Physics

Recently,the experimental measurements of the branching ratios and different polarization asymmetries for processes occurring through flavor-changing-charged current（b→cτvτ）transitions by BABAR,Belle,and LHCb have revealed some significant differences from the corresponding Standard Model（SM） *** has triggered an interest to search for physics beyond the SM in the context of various new physics（NP） models and using the model-independent weak effective Hamiltonian（WEH）.Assuming left-handed neutrinos,we add the dimension-six vector,（pseudo-）scalar,and tensor operators with complex Wilson coefficients（WCs） to the SM *** 60%,3 0%,and 10% constraints resulting from the branching ratio of Bc→τvτ,we reassess the parametric space of these new physics WCs accommodating the current anomalies based on the most recent HFLAV data of Rτ/μ,e（D） and Rτ/μ,e（D*） and Belle data of FL（D*） and Pτ（D*）.We find that the allowed parametric region of lefthanded scalar couplings strongly depends on the constraints of the Bc→τvτbranching ratio,and the maximum pull from the SM predictions results from the <60% branching ratio ***,the parametric region changes significantly if we extend the analysis by adding LHCb data of Rτ/μ（J/ψ） and Rτ/l（Λc）.Furthermore,due to the large uncertainties in the measurements of Rτ/μ（J/ψ） and Rτ/l（Xc）,we derive the sum rules which complement them with Rτ/μ,e（D） and Rτ/μ,e（D*）.Using the best-fit points of the new complex WCs along with the latest measurements of Rτ/μ,e(D（*）),we predict the numerical values of the observable Rτ/l（Λc）,Rτ/μ（J/ψ）,and Rτ/l（Xc） from the sum *** simultaneous dependence of abovementioned physical observables on the NP WCs is established by plotting their correlation with RDand RD*,which are useful to discriminate between various NP *** find that the most significant impact of NP results from the WC CLS=***,we study the impact of these NP couplings on various angular and CP triple product asym

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LHCb anomaly in B→K~*μ^+μ^- optimised observables and potential of Z' model

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Chinese Physics C 2018年第6期42卷 23-36页

作者： ishtiaq ahmed Abdur Rehman National Centre for Physics Quaid-i-Azam University Campus

Over the last few years LHCb found some discrepancies in b → sl^＋l^-FCNC transitions, including anomalies in the angular observables of B→K^＊μ^＋μ^-, particularly in P′5, in the low dimuon mass region. Recently,these anomalies have been confirmed by Belle, CMS and ATLAS. As direct evidence of physics beyond the Standard Model is absent so far, these anomalies are being interpreted as indirect hints of new physics. In this context, we study the implications of the family non-universal Z′ model for the angular observables P（1,2,3）, P′（4,5,6） and newly proposed lepton flavor universality violation observables, Q（4,5）, in the B → K^＊（→Kπ）μ^＋μ^-decay channel in the low dimuon mass region. To see the variation in the values of these observables from their Standard Model values, we have chosen different scenarios for the Z′ model. It is found that these angular observables are sensitive to the values of the parameters of the Z′ model. We have also found that with the present parametric space of the Z′ model,the P′5-anomaly could be accommodated. However, more statistics on the anomalies in the angular observables are helpful to reveal the status of the considered model and, in general, the nature of new physics.

关键词： FCNC new physics semileptonic B meson decays

The Space-Time CE/SE Method for Solving Reduced Two-Fluid Flow Model

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Communications in Computational Physics 2012年第9期12卷 1070-1095页

作者： Shamsul Qamar Munshoor ahmed ishtiaq Ali Department of Mathematics COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyPark RoadChak Shahzad IslamabadPakistan Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems Sandtorstr.139106 MagdeburgGermany

The space-time conservation element and solution element(CE/SE)method is proposed for solving a conservative interface-capturing reducedmodel of compressible two-fluid *** flow equations are the bulk equations,combined with mass and energy equations for one of the two *** latter equation contains a source term for accounting the energy *** one and two-dimensional flow models are numerically investigated in this *** CE/SE method is capable to accurately capture the sharp propagating wavefronts of the fluids without excessive numerical diffusion or spurious *** contrast to the existing upwind finite volume schemes,the Riemann solver and reconstruction procedure are not the building block of the suggested *** method differs from the previous techniques because of global and local flux conservation in a space-time domain without resorting to interpolation or *** order to reveal the efficiency and performance of the approach,several numerical test cases are *** validation,the results of the current method are compared with other finite volume schemes.

关键词： Reduced model space-time CE/SE method central schemes conservation laws hyperbolic systems shock solutions

Unique Solution of Integral Equations via Intuitionistic Extended Fuzzy b-Metric-Like Spaces

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第4期135卷 109-131页

作者： Naeem Saleem Khalil Javed Fahim Uddin Umar ishtiaq Khalil ahmed Thabet Abdeljawad Manar A.Alqudah Department of Mathematics University of Management and TechnologyLahore54770Pakistan Department of Math&Stats International Islamic University IslamabadIslamabad44000Pakistan Abdus Salam School of Mathematical Sciences Government College UniversityLahore54600Pakistan Office of Research Innovation and CommercializationUniversity of Management and TechnologyLahore54770Pakistan Department of Mathematics and Sciences Prince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Department of Medical Research China Medical UniversityTaichung40402Taiwan Department of Mathematical Sciences Faculty of SciencesPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11671Saudi Arabia

In this manuscript,our goal is to introduce the notion of intuitionistic extended fuzzy b-metric-like *** establish some fixed point theorems in this ***,we plot some graphs of an example of obtained result for better *** use the concepts of continuous triangular norms and continuous triangular conorms in an intuitionistic fuzzy metric-like *** norms are used to generalize with the probability distribution of triangle inequality in metric space *** conorms are known as dual operations of triangular *** obtained results boost the approaches of existing ones in the literature and are supported by some examples and applications.

关键词： Fixed point extended fuzzy b-metric like space intuitionistic extended fuzzy b-metric-like space integral equation

Reinforcing Artificial Neural Networks through Traditional Machine Learning Algorithms for Robust Classification of Cancer

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第5期75卷 4293-4315页

作者： Muhammad Hammad Waseem Malik Sajjad ahmed Nadeem ishtiaq Rasool Khan Seong-O-Shim Wajid Aziz Usman Habib Department of Computer Sciences and Information Technology University of Azad Jammu and KashmirMuzaffarabad13100Pakistan Department of Computer Science and AI College of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of JeddahJeddah23890Saudi Arabia Department of Computer and Network Engineering College of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of JeddahJeddah23890Saudi Arabia Department of AI&DS School of ComputingNational University of Computer and Emerging SciencesIslamabad44000Pakistan

Machine Learning(ML)-based prediction and classification systems employ data and learning algorithms to forecast target ***,improving predictive accuracy is a crucial step for informed *** the healthcare domain,data are available in the form of genetic profiles and clinical characteristics to build prediction models for complex tasks like cancer detection or *** ML algorithms,Artificial Neural Networks(ANNs)are considered the most suitable framework for many classification *** network weights and the activation functions are the two crucial elements in the learning process of an *** weights affect the prediction ability and the convergence efficiency of the *** traditional settings,ANNs assign random weights to the *** research aims to develop a learning system for reliable cancer prediction by initializing more realistic weights computed using a supervised setting instead of random *** proposed learning system uses hybrid and traditional machine learning techniques such as Support Vector Machine(SVM),Linear Discriminant Analysis(LDA),Random Forest(RF),k-Nearest Neighbour(kNN),and ANN to achieve better accuracy in colon and breast cancer *** system computes the confusion matrix-based metrics for traditional and proposed *** proposed framework attains the highest accuracy of 89.24 percent using the colon cancer dataset and 72.20 percent using the breast cancer dataset,which outperforms the other *** results show that the proposed learning system has higher predictive accuracies than conventional classifiers for each dataset,overcoming previous research ***,the proposed framework is of use to predict and classify cancer patients ***,this will facilitate the effective management of cancer patients.

关键词： ANN decision support systems gene-expression data hybrid classification machine learning predictive analytics

Adaptation of Vehicular Ad hoc Network Clustering Protocol for Smart Transportation

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第5期67卷 1353-1368页

作者： Masood Ahmad Abdul Hameed Fasee Ullah ishtiaq Wahid Atif Khan M.Irfan Uddin Shaq Ahmad ahmed M.El-Sherbeeny Department of Computer Science Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan23200Pakistan Department of Computing and Technology Iqra UniversityIslamabadPakistan Department of Computer Science and Information Technology Sarhad University of Science and Information TechnologyPeshawar25000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Islamia College PeshawarPeshawar25000Pakistan Institute of Computing Kohat University of Science and TechnologyKohat2600Pakistan Department of Industrial Engineering College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11421Saudi Arabia

Clustering algorithms optimization can minimize topology maintenance overhead in large scale vehicular Ad hoc networks(VANETs)for smart transportation that results from dynamic topology,limited resources and noncentralized *** performance of a clustering algorithm varies with the underlying mobility model to address the topology maintenance overhead issue in VANETs for smart *** design a robust clustering algorithm,careful attention must be paid to components like mobility models and performance objectives.A clustering algorithm may not perform well with every mobility ***,we propose a supervisory protocol(SP)that observes the mobility pattern of vehicles and identies the realistic Mobility model through microscopic *** analytical model can be used to determine an efcient clustering algorithm for a specic mobility model(MM).SP selects the best clustering scheme according to the mobility model and guarantees a consistent performance throughout VANET *** simulation has performed in three parts that is the central part simulation for setting up the clustering environment,In the second part the clustering algorithms are tested for efciency in a constrained atmosphere for some time and the third part represents the proposed *** simulation results show that the proposed scheme outperforms clustering algorithms such as honey bee algorithm-based clustering and memetic clustering in terms of cluster count,re-afliation rate,control overhead and cluster lifetime.

关键词： Cluster VANET smart transportation supervisory protocol mobility models

Structural Interpretation and Petrophysical Analysis for Reservoir Sand of Lower Goru, Miano Area, Central Indus Basin, Pakistan

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International Journal of Geosciences 2017年第4期8卷 379-392页

作者： Muhammad Sohail Khan Farhana Masood Qadeer ahmed ishtiaq ahmed Khan Jadoon Naveed Akram School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad Pakistan Oil and Gas Development Company Limited Islamabad Pakistan COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Abbottabad Pakistan

The main purpose of this research is to estimate the structural analysis and hydrocarbon potential of Miano Block by using seismic and well log techniques. Miano area hosts a number of gas fields with structural and stratigraphic traps. The area is located in Central Indus Basin which is a part of an extensional regime exhibiting normal faulting due to the split of the Indian Plate firstly from Africa and then from Madagascar and Seychelles. Miano area recognized as a proven petroleum province which has complex tectonic history of Cretaceous extensional and overprints of Tertiary strike-slip tectonics. The area has prospect with accumulation of hydrocarbons in structural and stratigraphic traps including pinchouts. NW-SE oriented Khairpur and Mari Highs are main structural features with impact on the fault system. The sands of Lower Goru of Lower Cretaceous age are acting as a reservoir in the area. The area has great potential of hydrocarbons for which more exploratory wells are required to be drilled with better insight of structural and stratigraphic traps.

关键词： Seismic Interpretation Time-and-Depth Contour Map 3D View Synthetic Seismograph Reservoir Estimation

Enhanced bio-catalytic and tolerance properties of an indigenous cellulase through xerogel immobilization

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2012年第4期3卷 308-313页

作者： Hafiz Muhammad Nasir Iqbal Shagufta Kamal ishtiaq ahmed Muhammad Tahir Naveed Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan Transgenic Lab Center of Agriculture Biochemistry and Biotechnology (CABB) University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan

Today, demand exists for cost-effective production of industrially important enzymes from entire scientific sectors. By keeping in mind the extensive industrial applications of cellulase, this study was performed to immobilize the indigenous enzyme produced from Trichoderma viride under pre-optimized SSF of an agricultural waste material, wheat straw. To enhance the bio-catalytic and tolerance properties of the present enzyme gel matrix immobilization engineering was applied. Previously, 2.33~fold purified novel cellulase was immobilized in to a xerogel matrix of TMOS and PTMS. FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the successful immobilization of cellulase. The free and immobilized cellulase was characterized and stability profile showed that after 24 h incubation, immobilization enhanced the thermo-stability up to 75% against 80℃ as compare to the free enzyme. Xerogel matrix immobilization enhanced the catalytic efficiency of entrapped enzyme than that of the free cellulase. Among activators/inhibitors SDS, EDTA, and Hg2+ showed inhibitory effect while, gel matrix immobilization enhanced 80% tolerance capacity of the cellulase against inactivating agents.

关键词： Bio-Catalysis Cellulase T. viride Immobilization Characterization