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Mechanistic insights toward identification and interaction of plant parasitic nematodes:A review

Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第1期6卷 11-27页

作者： Bisma Jan Ali Haider Shah Mudasir ahmad Bhat Arif Tasleem Jan ishfaq ahmad wani Ali Asghar Shah Section of Microbiology Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah UniversityRajouriJ&K185234India Department of Biotechnology Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University RajouriJ&K185234India Department of Botany Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University RajouriJ&K185234India Department of Zoology School of Biosciences and BiotechnologyBaba Ghulam Shah Badshah University RajouriJ&K185234India

Nematode identification serves as an important param-eter to study their behaviour,importance and *** of classical morphometric based identifica-tion methods prove to be lacking due to insufficient knowledge on morphological variations among closely related *** approaches such as DNA and protein-based information,microarray,probing,sequence-based methods and others have been used to supplement morphology-based methods for nematode *** and certain protein-based nematode-associated molecular patterns(NAMPs),can be perceived by the host plants,and can initiate a signalling *** review primarily emphasizes on an updated account of different classical and modern tools used for the identification of *** we also summa-rize the mechanism of some important signalling pathways which are involved in the different plant nematode *** constitute most diverse and least studied group of soil inhabiting *** are ecologically and physiologically important,however,wide range of nematodes show harmful impact on the individuals that live within their *** parasitic nematodes(PPNs)are transparent,pseudocoelomate,free living or parasitic *** lack morphometric identification methods due to insufficient knowl-edge on morphological variations among closely related *** such,molecular approaches such as DNA and protein-based information,microarray,probing,sequence-based methods and others have been used to supplement morphology-based methods for their *** invade the defense response of different plant species,parasitic nematodes have evolved different molecular *** and certain protein-based nematode-associated molecular patterns(NAMPs),can be perceived by the host plants,and can initiate a signaling *** overcome the host confrontation and develop certain nematode feeding sites,some members can inject effectors into

关键词： nematode identification plant nematode interaction DNA fingerprinting nematode-associated molecular patterns signaling path-ways

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A study on p53 gene alterations in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and their correlation to common dietary risk factors among population of the Kashmir valley

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第25期12卷 4033-4037页

作者： Imtiyaz Murtaza Dhuha Mushtaq Mushtaq A Margoob Amit Dutt Nisar ahmad wani ishfaq ahmad Mohan Lal Bhat Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory Division of PHT S.K.University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of KashmirShalimar CampusSrinagarKashmirIndia Department of Biotechnology University of Kashmir SrinagarKashmirIndia Department of Psychiatry Government Medical College SrinagarKashmirIndia Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT 320 Charles St CambridgeMA-02141United States Department of Surgery Government Medical College SrinagarKashmirIndia Department of Pathology Government Medical College SrinagarKashmirIndia

瞄准：为了系统地检验风险因素的关联的程度，例如年龄，与原因的体的 Tp53 分子损害消费了饮食的习惯和家庭倾向在北印度的 Kashmiri 人口之中提高食道的有鳞的房间癌(ESCC ) 的致癌作用严厉。方法：所有情况(n = 51 ) 并且控制(n = 15... 详细信息

瞄准：为了系统地检验风险因素的关联的程度，例如年龄，与原因的体的 Tp53 分子损害消费了饮食的习惯和家庭倾向在北印度的 Kashmiri 人口之中提高食道的有鳞的房间癌(ESCC ) 的致癌作用严厉。方法：所有情况(n = 51 ) 并且控制(n = 150 ) 是克什米尔山谷的永久居民。基因改变在 Tp53 肿瘤的前 ons 5-8 被决定压制或在 45 个 ESCC 盒子之中的基因组织学地由 PCR-SSCP 分析证实了。为单个癌症盒子的数据(n = 45 ) 并且住院病人控制(n = 150 ) 与非癌症，疾病在癌症的家庭历史上包括了信息，与病人的年龄组一起的三十个占优势的普通饮食的风险因素。在到从这些参数的万物有灵论的数据的 p53 前 ons 的基因损害的关联被 Chi 平方测试与健康控制一起产生到所有 45 个组织学地证实的 ESCC 盒子。结果：(77.8%) 45 中的 35 个组织学地描绘了与 45 正常样品中的 1 个对比的有的类似的体细胞突变从一样的耐心的显示出的细菌线变化从邻近的区域获得了的肿瘤样品。 SSCP 分析表明了改变在 6 上在前被发现的那很普通的 p53 基因(77.7%)，那没与个人和 clinicopathological 参数的年龄相关，但是与癌症的家庭历史显示出重要词语索引( P<0.05 )( CD = 58 )，在消费的一个未知地点，和饮食的习惯建议细菌线倾向局部地种芥属蔬菜“ Hakh ”( CD = 19.5 )，红 chillies ( CD = 20.2 )，热咸苏打茶( CD = 2.37 )并且本地烤的面包( CD = 1.1 )。结论：我们的学习建议那体的染色体变化特别在 6 Tp53 基因上的前，在人种上的食道的癌症病人之中，克什米尔山谷的同质的人口是仔细与到各种各样的普通饮食的风险因素，特别热的咸茶，肉，烤的面包和“ Hakh ”的继续的暴露有关，那富于 nitrosoamines 和家庭癌症历史。

关键词： p53基因食道癌饮食习惯治疗

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Assessment of Extent and Severity of Pellet Induced Abdominal Injuries, a Rare Variant of Weapon Violence: A Prospective Study

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Surgical Science 2016年第10期7卷 475-483页

作者： Azher Mushtaq Atif Naeem Raja Hilal ahmad wani Shaukat A. Jeelani Nazia Hilal ishfaq Ahmed Gilkar Government Medical College Srinagar India

Background: The use of a Pellet gun, a form of short gun used for mob control in many conflict zones, has posed a serious challenge to the surgeons in assessing the extent of trauma caused by these pellets. Objectives: To study the role of conventional available investigations for trauma like ultrasonography and computed tomography scans in assessing the severity of the injuries caused by the pellets. Methodology: 50 patients having pellet injuries predominantly in abdomen without other associated trauma were included in the study. The decision for surgery was taken on the basis of clinical and CECT (Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography) findings and these findings were then compared with intra-operative findings. Results: 30/50 patients were decided to be operated on the basis of Clinical and CECT findings. On exploration, it was observed that 18/33 patients really needed exploration while as 15/33 patients could have been managed conservatively. This was observed in next 20/50 patients who were put on conservative management with similar CECT findings. Of these 20 patients, 17 did well while as 3 were explored later in view of developing peritonitis and were found to have small bowel perforations. Conclusion: Conventional investigations for trauma like FAST and CECT abdomen are not ideal for assessing the severity of pellet induced abdominal visceral injuries which result in high rate of unnecessary laparotomies. Also the abdominal pellet trauma patients can be well managed conservatively until hemodynamically stable even though CT scan shows pellet penetration into peritoneal cavity or bowel lumen.

关键词： Pellets Bowel Perforation Laparotomy

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Open Underlay Mesh Reinforced Large Incisional Hernia Repair—Prospective Observational Hospital Based Study

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Surgical Science 2019年第3期10卷 94-105页

作者： Umer Mushtaq ishfaq ahmad Gilkar Javid ahmad Peer Shaukat Jeelani Asgar Aziz Farzanah Nowreen Yaser Hussain wani Yaqoob Hassan Drjavidahmad Peer University of Kashmir Srinagar India

Introduction: Incisional hernias frequently complicate abdominal surgeries with a varied incidence as reported to be 2% - 20%. The risk factors of development of incisional hernias include immunocompromised state, diabetes mellitus, smoking, obesity, wound infection at the index surgery, emergency surgery. Materials and Methods: The study design was prospective and included 62 patients with incisional hernias. The patients were evaluated preoperatively on OPD basis with history, clinical examination, baseline investigation, ultrasound abdomen and computed tomogram. Results: The mean age was 48.9 years with male:female ratio of 1:1.4. Mean BMI was 30.1 kg/m2. Out of 62 patients in the study 61.2% had concomitant hypertension and were on treatment for the same. 30.6% were clinically hypothyroid, 38.7% were diabetic and 54.8% were smokers. There were multiple factors present in patients in the current study which were observed to be possible to have risked the patients to incisional hernias after an abdominal surgery. 21 patients had defect size ranging from 5 to 10 cm and 41 patients were bearing a hernia of the defect size of 10 cm or more. The mean operative time was 221.7 minutes. Conclusion: Incisional hernias are a part of surgical practice that would probably glue to it to the end of time. A progression from primitive suture repair with recurrence rates of over 65% to modern day mesh reinforced repairs with recurrences aimed at 0% is always welcome. But still then the placement of mesh in different positions or layers of abdominal wall yields different results.

关键词： Hernia Mesh Necrosis

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