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What are fungal species and how to delineate them?

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Fungal Diversity 2021年第4期109卷 1-25页

作者： K.W.Thilini Chethana ishara s.manawasinghe V.G.Hurdeal Chitrabhanu s.Bhunjun M.A.Appadoo Eleni Gentekaki Olivier Raspé Itthayakorn Promputtha Kevin D.Hyde Innovative institute for plant health zhongkai university of agriculture and engineeringguangzhou 510225people’s republic of china center of excellence in fungal research mae fah luang universitychiang rai 57100thailand school of science mae fah luang universitychiang rai 57100thailand department of biology faculty of sciencechiang mai universitychiang mai 50200thailand

This is the opening paper in the special issue of Fungal Diversity,which collates the data on defining *** and recognizing species has long been a controversial *** Darwin’s proposed origin of species,over 30 species criteria have been brought forth and used to define species *** recent times,phylogenetic analyses based on multiple loci have been extensively used as a method to define species ***,only a few mycologists are aware that phylogenetic species criteria can mask discordances among fungal groups,leading to inaccurately defined species *** the current review,we discuss species recognition criteria,how and where these criteria can be applied along with their limitations and derived *** order to delimit fungal species,authors need to take into account not only the phylogenetic and phenotypic coherence,but also the timing of events that lead to fungal speciation and subsequent *** in the rate of phenotypic diversifications and convergent fungal evolution make it difficult to establish a universal species recognition *** best practice can only be defined in the context of each fungal *** this review,we provide a set of guidelines,encouraging an integrative taxonomic approach for species delimitation that can be used to define fungal species boundaries in the *** other papers in this special issue deal with fungal speciation in Ascomycota,Dothideomycetes,Basidiomycota,basal fungi,lichen-forming fungi,plant pathogenic fungi,and yeasts.

关键词： Allopatry speciation species concepts species criteria species recognition sympatry

The numbers of fungi:contributions from traditional taxonomic studies and challenges of metabarcoding

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Fungal Diversity 2022年第3期114卷 327-386页

作者： Chayanard Phukhamsakda Rolf Henrik Nilsson Chitrabhanu s.Bhunjun Antonio Roberto Gomes de Farias Ya-Ru sun subodini N.Wijesinghe Mubashar Raza Dan-Feng Bao Li Lu saowaluck tibpromma Wei Dong Danushka s.Tennakoon Xing-Guo Tian Yin-Ru Xiong samantha C.Karunarathna Lei Cai Zong-Long Luo Yong Wang ishara s.manawasinghe Erio Camporesi Paul M.Kirk Itthayakorn Promputtha Chang-Hsin Kuo Hong-Yan su Mingkwan Doilom Yu Li Yong-Ping Fu Kevin D.Hyde Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi Jilin Agricultural UniversityChangchun 130118JilinPeople’s Republic of China College of Plant Protection Jilin Agricultural UniversityChangchun 130118JilinPeople’s Republic of China Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre 40530 GothenburgSweden Department of Biological and Environmental sciences University of GothenburgBox 46140530 GothenburgSweden Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand school of science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Department of Plant Pathology College of AgricultureGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025GuizhouPeople’s Republic of China state Key Laboratory of Mycology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101People’s Republic of China College of Agriculture and Biological sciences Dali UniversityDali 671003YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology Faculty of AgricultureChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Centre for Mountain Futures Kunming Institute of BotanyKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization College of Biological Resource and Food EngineeringQujing Normal UniversityQujing 655011YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Innovative Institute for Plant Health Zhongkai University of Agriculture and EngineeringGuangzhou 510225People’s Republic of China Department of Plant Medicine National Chiayi University300 Syuefu RoadChiayi City 60004Taiwan school of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering Guizhou Institute of TechnologyGuiyang 550003People’s Republic of China CAs Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201People’s Republic of China A.M.B.Gruppo Micologico Forlivese“Antonio Cicognani”Via Roma 18ForlìItaly A.M.B Circolo Micologico“Giovanni Carini”C.P.314 BresciaItaly

The global diversity of fungi has been estimated using several different *** is somewhere between 2–11 million estimated species,but the number of formally described taxa is around 150,000,a tiny fraction of the *** this paper,we examine 12 ascomycete genera as case studies to establish trends in fungal species descriptions,and introduce new species in each *** highlight the importance of traditional morpho-molecular methods in publishing new species,we introduce novel taxa in 12 genera that are considered to have low species *** discuss whether the species are likely to be rare or due to a lack of extensive sampling and *** genera are Apiospora,Bambusicola,Beltrania,Capronia,Distoseptispora,Endocalyx,Neocatenulostroma,Neodeightonia,Paraconiothyrium,Peroneutypa,Phaeoacremonium and *** discuss host-specificity in selected genera and compare the number of species epithets in each genus with the number of ITs(barcode)sequences deposited in GenBank and *** furthermore discuss the relationship between the divergence times of these genera with those of their *** hypothesize whether there might be more species in these genera and discuss hosts and habitats that should be investigated for novel species discovery.

关键词： 12 new taxa Ascomycota Fungal diversity Fungal numbers High-throughput sequencing Host-specificity

Defining a species in fungal plant pathology:beyond the species level

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Fungal Diversity 2021年第4期109卷 267-282页

作者： ishara s.manawasinghe Alan J.L.Phillips Jianping Xu Abhaya Balasuriya Kevin D.Hyde Łukasz stępień Dulanjalee L.Harischandra Anuruddha Karunarathna Jiye Yan Janith Weerasinghe Mei Luo Zhangyong Dong Ratchadawan Cheewangkoon Innovative Institute for Plant Health Zhongkai University of Agriculture and EngineeringGuangzhou 510225People’s Republic of China Faculdade de Ciências Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute(BioISI)Universidade de LisboaCampo Grande1749-016 LisbonPortugal Department of Biology McMaster University1280 Main St.WestHamiltonON L8S 4K1Canada Department of Plant science Faculty of AgricultureRajarata University of Sri LankaAnuradhapuraSri Lanka Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang RaiThailand Institute of Plant Genetics Polish Academy of SciencesPoznańPoland Institute of Plant and Environment Protection Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology Faculty of AgricultureChiang Mai University50200Chiang MaiThailand school of Chemistry and Physics Queensland University of Technology2George StreetBrisbaneQLD 4000Australia

In plant pathology,the correct naming of a species is essential for determining the causal agents of *** names not only serve the general purpose of concise communication,but also are critical for effective plant quarantine,prevent-ing the introduction of new pathogens into a *** phytopathogenic genera have multiple species and,in several genera,disagreements between the multiple prevailing species concept definitions result in numerous cryptic *** of these species were previously called by various names;forma speciales(specialised forms),subspecies,or ***,based on new molecular evidence they are being assigned into new *** frequent name changes and lack of consistent criteria to delineate cryptic species,species,subspecies,forms,and races create increasing confusion,often making communication among biologists ***,such ambiguous information can convey misleading evo-lutionary concepts and species *** aim of this paper is to review these concepts,clarify their use,and evaluate them by referring to existing *** specifically address the question,“Do plant pathogens require a different ranking system?”We conclude that it is necessary to identify phytopathogens to species level based on data from multiple ***,this identification must go beyond species level to clearly classify hitherto known subspecies,forms and *** addition,when naming phytopathogenic genera,plant pathologists should provide more information about geographic locations and host ranges as well as host specificities for individual species,cryptic species,forms or *** describing a new phytopathogen,we suggest that authors provide at least three representative strains together with pathogenicity test *** Koch’s postulates cannot be fulfilled,it is necessary to provide complementary data such as associated disease severity on the host ***,more sequenced collections of spec

关键词： Cryptic species Forms Fungal nomenclature New pathogen species concepts subspecies Races

Thailand’s amazing diversity:up to 96%of fungi in northern Thailand may be novel

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Fungal Diversity 2018年第6期93卷 215-239页

作者： Kevin D.Hyde Chada Norphanphoun Jie Chen Asha J.Dissanayake Mingkwan Doilom sinang Hongsanan Ruvishika s.Jayawardena Rajesh Jeewon Rekhani H.Perera Benjarong Thongbai Dhanushka N.Wanasinghe Komsit Wisitrassameewong saowaluck tibpromma Marc stadler Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Instituto de Ecologı́a A.C.CP 91070 XalapaVeracruzMexico World Agro Forestry Centre East and Central Asia132 Lanhei RoadKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Rai 50200Thailand shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering College of Life Sciences and OceanographyShenzhen UniversityShenzhenPeople’s Republic of China shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering College of Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhenPeople’s Republic of China Department of Health sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of MauritiusReduit 80837Mauritius National science Technology and Innovation Policy Office Bangkok 10330Thailand Department of Microbial Drugs and German Centre for Infection Research(DZIF) partner site Hannover-BraunschweigHelmholtz Centre for Infection ResearchInhoffenstrasse 738124 BrunswickGermany

Fungi have been often neglected,despite the fact that they provided penicillin,lovastatin and many other important *** are an understudied,but essential,fascinating and biotechnologically useful group of *** study of fungi in northern Thailand has been carried out by us since *** studies have been diverse,ranging from ecological aspects,phylogenetics with the incorportation of molecular dating,taxonomy(including morphology and chemotaxonomy)among a myriad of microfungi,to growing novel mushrooms,and DNA-based identification of plant *** this paper,advances in understanding the biodiversity of fungi in the region are discussed and compared with those further *** new species have been inventoried for the region,but many unknown species remain to be described and/or *** example,in the edible genus Agaricus,over 35 new species have been introduced from northern Thailand,and numerous other taxa await *** this relatively well known genus,93%of species novelty is *** the microfungi,which are relatively poorly studied,the percentage of novel species is,surprisingly,generally not as high(55–96%).As well as Thai fungi,fungi on several hosts from Europe have been also *** with the well studied European microfungi an astounding percentage of new taxa(32–76%)have been *** work is just a beginning and it will be a daunting task to document this astonishingly high apparent novelty among fungi.

关键词： Agaricus Amanita Colletotrichum Cornus Fungal diversity Pandanaceae Rosaceae Rosa Teak fungi

Challenges of Teachers in Implementing Competency-based Curriculum in sri Lankan secondary schools

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Challenges of Teachers in Implementing Competency-based Curr...

作者： ishara Madhushanki senadheera 浙江师范大学

学位级别：硕士

This study mainly aims to investigate the teachers’ challenges in implementing competency based curriculum in sri Lankan secondary schools and their suggestions to overcome those challenges With regard to the purpose of the study,it employed a qualitative research approach which used to collect the required information through interviews,non-participant observations and document *** sample of this study consist with sixteen teachers who were selected randomly and purposefully four selected principals from four national schools which were situated in western province of sri *** the participant teachers and principals who provided data to this study were in government school settings and implementing the same curriculum in the *** collected data were transcribed,categorized and presented in details according to the three broad research questions,under three themes and sixteen subthemes which emerged through the studyThe findings of the study revealed that teachers’ awareness on competency based curriculum was limited and they don’t have a deep understanding on how to implement ***,the findings highlights the following as major challenges;challenges in instructional planning related to over populated classrooms,lack of teaching aids and students’ poor academic backgrounds,problems related to the textbooks and teachers guides,students were not ready to accept the student-centered approach and they were still keep their believing on teacher’ s note,teachers have assigned some administrative responsibilities except teaching,and they have given documentary works as well as some office works related to the principal’s office due to the lack of clerks,teachers were not trained properly regarding the changes of the CBC,the formative assessments which are conducted by the schools are mostly on knowledge based and the summative assessments conducted by DOE showed a progress on the ideals of CBC,there has not an adequate relationship between the teacher

关键词： Middle school teachers Competency based Curriculum Training work Evaluation system

Appressorial interactions with host and their evolution

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Fungal Diversity 2021年第5期110卷 75-107页

作者： K.W.Thilini Chethana Ruvishika s.Jayawardena Yi-Jyun Chen sirinapa Konta saowaluck tibpromma Chayanard Phukhamsakda Pranami D.Abeywickrama Milan C.samarakoon Chanokned senwanna Ausana Mapook Xia Tang Deecksha Gomdola Diana s.Marasinghe Oundhyalah D.Padaruth Abhaya Balasuriya Jianping Xu saisamorn Lumyong Kevin D.Hyde Innovative institute of plant health zhongkai university of agriculture and engineeringguangzhou 510225people’s republic of china center of excellence in fungal research mae fah luang universitychiang rai 57100thailand school of science mae fah luang universitychiang rai 57100thailand key laboratory for plant diversity and biogeography of east asia kunming institute of botanychinese academy of sciencekunming 650201yunnanpeople’s republic of china beijing key laboratory of environment-friendly management on fruit diseases and pests in north china institute of plant and environment protectionbeijing academy of agriculture and forestry sciencesbeijing 100097people’s republic of china department of biology faculty of sciencechiang mai universitychiang mai 50200thailand engineering and research center for southwest biopharmaceutical resource of national education ministry of china gui zhou universitygui yang 550025gui zhoupeople’s republic of china department of plant sciences faculty of agriculturerajarata university of sri lankaanuradhapurasri lanka department of biology mcmaster university1280 main street westhamiltonon l8s 4k1canada center of excellence in microbial diversity and sustainable utilization faculty of sciencechiang mai universitychiang mai 50200thailand academy of science the royal society of thailandbangkok 10300thailand engineering research center of chinese ministry of education for edible and medicinal fungi jilin agricultural universitychangchun city 130118jilin provincepeople’s republic of china department of entomology and plant pathology faculty of agriculturechiang mai universitychiang mai 50200thailand center for mountain futures kunming institute of botanykunming 650201yunnanpeople’s republic of china

Fungi have evolved diverse strategies to acquire nutrients as endophytes,saprobes,symbionts,or *** have been intensively studied due to their importance in attaching and breaching the host *** specialized infection structures have evolved into various morpho-types:proto-appressoria,hyaline appressoria,melanized(dark)appressoria,and compound *** this review,we discuss the differences in the formation,differentiation,and function of appres-soria among fungi with diverse life *** DNA sequence information,LsU,5.8s,ssU and rpb2 gene fragments,we reconstructed the ancestral states for appressorial types in the main phyla of fungi and fungus-like organisms and found that the hyaline appressoria was the most ancestral *** analysis estimated proto-appressoria diversification during the Mesozoic period(92-239 million years ago),however,its origin remains *** data suggest that these hyaline appressoria diversified into melanized or compound appressoria,with evidence of adaptive radiation.

关键词： Ancestral characters Evolution Host-recognition Hyaline appressoria Infection process Melanized appressoria Proto-appressoria

What is a species in fungal plant pathogens?

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Fungal Diversity 2021年第4期109卷 239-266页

作者： Ruvishika s.Jayawardena Kevin D.Hyde Antonio Roberto Gomes de Farias Chitrabhanu s.Bhunjun Himashi s.Ferdinandez Dimuthu s.Manamgoda Dhanushka Udayanga Indunil s.Herath Kasun M.Thambugala ishara s.manawasinghe Achala J.Gajanayake Binu C.samarakoon Digvijayini Bundhun Deecksha Gomdola Naruemon Huanraluek Ya-ru sun Xia Tang Itthayakorn Promputtha Marco Thines Innovative Institute of Plant Health Zhongkai University of Agriculture and EngineeringHaizhu DistrictGuangzhou 510225People’s Republic of China Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Departamento de Genética Universidade Federal de PernambucoAv.Prof.Moraes Rego1235Cidade UniversitáriaRecifePE 50670-901Brazil Department of Botany Faculty of Applied SciencesUniversity of Sri JayewardenepuraNugegodaSri Lanka Department of Biosystems Technology Faculty of TechnologyUniversity of Sri JayewardenepuraPitipanaHomagama 10200Sri Lanka Genetics and Molecular Biology Unit Faculty of Applied SciencesUniversity of Sri JayewardenepuraGangodawilaNugegodaSri Lanka school of science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Department of Biological sciences Institute of EcologyEvolution and DiversityGoethe UniversityMax-von-Laue-Str.1360486 Frankfurt am MainGermany senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre Senckenberganlage 2560325 Frankfurt am MainGermany

scientific names are crucial for communicating knowledge concerning fungi and fungus-like *** plant pathology,they link information regarding biology,host range,distribution and potential risk to agriculture and food *** the past,delimitation among pathogenic taxa was primarily based on morphological *** to distinct species sharing overlapping characteristics,the morphological identification of species is often neither straightforward nor ***,the phylogenetic species concept based on molecular phylogenetic reconstructions gained *** present opinion discusses what a fungal species is and how identification of species in plant pathology has changed over the past *** this context,host-specialization and species complexes are ***,species concepts in plant pathology are examined using case studies from Bipolaris,Colletotrichum,Curvularia,Diaporthe,Diplodia,Meliola,Plasmopara,rust fungi and *** entry contains a brief introduction to the genus,concepts used in species identification so far and the problems in describing a species followed by *** importance of correctly naming and identifying a species is addressed in the context of recent introductions,and we also discuss whether the introduction of new species in pathogenic genera has been *** also provide guidelines to be considered when introducing a new species in a plant pathogenic genus.

关键词： Dual nomenclature Host-specificity Polyphasic approach Pathology Phylogeny species delimitation systematics

Towards a natural classification and backbone tree for Graphostromataceae,Hypoxylaceae,Lopadostomataceae and Xylariaceae

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Fungal Diversity 2018年第1期88卷 1-165页

作者： Dinushani A.Daranagama Kevin D.Hyde Esteban B.sir Kasun M.Thambugala Qing Tian Milan C.samarakoon Eric H.C.McKenzie subashini C.Jayasiri saowaluck tibpromma Jayarama D.Bhat XingZhong Liu Marc stadler state Key Laboratory of Mycology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesNo.31st West Beichen RoadChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100101People’s Republic of China Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyang 550006GuizhouPeople’s Republic of China Department of Microbial Drugs Helmholtz-Zentrum fu¨r Infektionsforschung GmbHInhoffenstrasse 738124 BrunswickGermany Fundacion Miguel Lillo CONICETInstitute of MycologyMiguel Lillo 2514000 San Miguel de TucumanTucumanArgentina Department of Botany Goa UniversityGoa 403206India Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research Private Bag 92170AucklandNew Zealand

species and generic recognition in the order Xylariales has been uncertain due to lack of molecular data from authentic cultures,as well as overlapping morphological *** this study,we revise the families Graphostromataceae,Hypoxylaceae,Lopadostomataceae and Xylariaceae in *** study is based on DNA sequence data derived from living cultures of fresh isolates,data from GenBank and morphological observation of type and worldwide herbarium *** also collected new specimens from Germany,Italy and ***bined analyses of ITs,LsU,RPB2 and b-tubulin sequence data were used to reconstruct the molecular phylogeny of the above *** and familiar boundaries between these families are revised and presented in an updated combined phylogenetic *** accept six genera in Graphostromataceae,19 genera in Hypoxylaceae,four in Lopadostomataceae and 37 genera in *** genera previously treated in Xylariaceae are placed in Amphisphaeriales genera incertae sedis and seven genera are placed in Xylariales genera incertae *** genera are placed in sordariomycetes genera incertae sedis,while four genera are placed as Xylariomycetidae genera incertae *** genera are considered as *** and Cannonia,presently included in Xylariaceae are transferred to Diatrypaceae and Coniochaetales respectively,based on their morphology and ***olospora and Myconeesia are excluded from Xylariaceae and synonymized with Phaeosporis and Anthostomella *** descriptions and illustrations are provided for all taxa with notes provided on each *** and doubtful genera are listed with notes on their taxonomy and *** keys are provided for all revised families with morphological details for genera within the families.

关键词： Classification Genera Phylogeny Xylariomycetidae

Microfungi associated with Clematis(Ranunculaceae)with an integrated approach to delimiting species boundaries

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Fungal Diversity 2020年第3期102卷 1-203页

作者： Chayanard Phukhamsakda Eric H.C.McKenzie Alan J.L.Phillips E.B.Gareth Jones D.Jayarama Bhat stadler Marc Chitrabhanu s.Bhunjun Dhanushka N.Wanasinghe Benjarong Thongbai Erio Camporesi Damien Ertz Ruvishika s.Jayawardena Rekhani Hansika Perera Anusha H.Ekanayake saowaluck tibpromma Mingkwan Doilom Jianchu Xu Kevin D.Hyde Institute of Plant Health Zhongkai University of Agriculture and EngineeringHaizhu DistrictGuangzhou 510225People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Landcare Research Manaaki Whenua Private Bag 92170AucklandNew Zealand University of Lisbon Faculty of SciencesBiosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute(BioISI)Campo Grande1749‑016 LisbonPortugal Mushroom Research Foundation 128 M.3 Ban Pa Deng T.Pa PaeA.Mae TaengChiang Mai 50150Thailand Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand state Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of East and Central Asia Regional Office World Agroforestry Centre(ICRAF)Kunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China 33B st.Edwards Road southsea Hants Hampshire PO53DHUK Department of Botany and Microbiology College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O Box 2455Riyadh 11451Kingdom of Saudi Arabia A.M.B.Gruppo Micologico Forlivese“Antonio Cicognani”Viale Roma 1847121 ForliItaly A.M.B Circolo Micologico“Giovanni Carini”C.P.10125121 BresciaItaly societáper gli studi Naturalistici della Romagna C.P.14348012 BagnacavalloRAItaly No.128/1-J Azad Housing SocietyCurcaP.O.Goa Velha403108India Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization College of Biological Resource and Food EngineeringQujing Normal UniversityQujingYunnan 655011People’s Republic of China Department of Microbial Drugs Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and German Centre for Infection Research(DZIF)partner site Hannover/BraunschweigInhoffenstrasse 738124 BrunswickGermany Department of Research Meise Botanic Garden1860 MeiseBelgium Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyangGuizhou Province 550006People’s Repu

The cosmopolitan plant genus Clematis contains many climbing species that can be found *** genus occurs in the wild and is grown commercially for *** on Clematis were collected from Belgium,China,Italy,Thailand and the *** are characterized by morphology and analyses of gene sequence data using an integrated species concept to validate *** study revealed two new families,12 new genera,50 new species,26 new host records with one dimorphic character report,and ten species are transferred to other *** new families revealed by multigene phylogeny are Longiostiolaceae and Pseudomassarinaceae in Pleosporales(Dothideomycetes).New genera are Anthodidymella(Didymellaceae),Anthosulcatispora and Parasulcatispora(sulcatisporaceae),Fusiformispora(Amniculicolaceae),Longispora(Phaeosphaeriaceae),Neobyssosphaeria(Melanommataceae),Neoleptosporella(Chaetosphaeriales,genera incertae sedis),Neostictis(stictidaceae),Pseudohelminthosporium(Neomassarinaceae),Pseudomassarina(Pseudomassarinaceae),sclerenchymomyces(Leptosphaeriaceae)and Xenoplectosphaerella(Plectosphaerellaceae).The newly described species are Alloleptosphaeria clematidis,Anthodidymella ranunculacearum,Anthosulcatispora subglobosa,Aquadictyospora clematidis,Brunneofusispora clematidis,Chaetosphaeronema clematidicola,***,Chromolaenicola clematidis,Diaporthe clematidina,Dictyocheirospora clematidis,Distoseptispora clematidis,Floricola clematidis,Fusiformispora clematidis,Hermatomyces clematidis,Leptospora clematidis,Longispora clematidis,Massariosphaeria clematidis,Melomastia clematidis,***,Neobyssosphaeria clematidis,Neoleptosporella clematidis,Neoroussoella clematidis,***,Neostictis nigricans,Neovaginatispora clematidis,Parasulcatispora clematidis,Parathyridaria clematidis,***,***,Periconia verrucose,Phomatospora uniseriata,Pleopunctum clematidis,Pseudocapulatispora clematidis,Pseudocoleophoma clematidis,Pseudohelminthos

关键词： 73 new taxa Ascomycota Belgium China Dothideomycetes Incertae sedis Italy Lecanoromycetes Phylogeny sordariomycetes Taxonomy Thailand UK