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Posttraumatic progressive cubitus varus deformity managed by lateral column shortening： A novel surgical technique

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2016年第4期19卷 229-230页

作者： Amit Srivastava Anil kumar Jain ish kumar dhammi Rehan UI Haq Department of Orthopaedics University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital Delhi 110095 India

The outward angulation of elbow with supinated forearm is cubitus varus deformity. This deformity is often seen as sequelae of malunited supracondylar fracture of humerus in paediatric age group of 5-8 years. The deformity is usually non-progressive, but in cases of physeal injury or congenital bony bar formation in the medial condyle of humerus, the deformity is progressive and can he grotesque in appearance. Various types of osteotomies are defined for standard non-progressive cubitus varus deformity, while multiple surgeries are required for progressive deformity until skeletal maturity. In this study we described a novel surgical approach and osteotomy of distal humerus in a 5 years old boy having grotesque progressive cubitus varus deformity, achieving good surgical outcome.

关键词： Cubitus varus Surgery Elbow

Neglected reverse Essex-Lopresti injury with ulnar nerve compression

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2011年第2期14卷 111-113页

作者： Ajay Pal Singh ish kumar dhammi Anil kumar Jain Department of Orthopaedics UCMS & GTB Hospita Delhi 110095 India

A 45 year old woman was diagnosed as having anteromedial radial head dislocation and distal radius fracture five months after her injury on fight forearm. The radial head dislocation led to ulnar nerve compression. She had severe restriction of her elbow movements. She was treated with arthrolysis, decompression of the ulnar nerve and radial head resection. The reverse Essex Lopresti injury and radial head dislocation compressing the ulnarnerve has not been reported in English language literature to the best of our knowledge. A mechanism is proposed for the injury. In acute presentations, restoration of both the radioulnar joints should be done and neglected nature of such injury leads to suboptimal outcomes.

关键词： Radius fracture Unar nerve Elbow joint

Neglected isolated fracture of the trochlea humeri

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2010年第4期13卷 247-249页

作者： Ajay Pal Singh ish kumar dhammi Anil kumar Jain Saurabh Jain Department of Orthopaedics Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital University College of Medical Sciences University of Delhi Delhi 110095 India

A 15 years old girl was found to have isolated trochlea fracture 10 weeks after an injury caused by a fall on her left elbow. Movement of the elbow was severely restricted. Radiographs showed a half moon-shaped and anterosuperiorly displaced osteochondral fragment. Medial approach capsulotomy of the elbow and excision of the intraarticular adhesions were done to expose the isolated trochlea fracture. Headless screws were used for fixation, combined with bone grafting. The follow-up showed union and excellent functional recovery of the elbow. Isolated trochlea fracture in adults is rare and usually associated with capitellar fractures and/or elbow dislocations. A neglected trochlea fracture is rarely reported in the English language literature to the best of our knowledge. Recognition of isolated trochlea fracture is vital to apprehend the pathomechanics of the injury and to devise a suitable treatment approach.

关键词： Fractures, bone Humerus Elbow

Elbow dislocation with ipsilateral diaphyseal fractures of radius and ulna in an adult is it type 1 or type 2 Monteggia equivalent lesion？

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2012年第5期15卷 303-305页

作者： Prashant Modi ish kumar dhammi Ashish Rustagi Anil K Jain Department of Orthopaedics UCMS and GTB HospitalDilshad GardenDelhiIndia

Elbow dislocation with concomitant dia physeal fractures of radius and ulna has been reported rarely. This injury could be included in Monteggia equivalent le sions based on the mechanism of injury, radiographic pat tern and method of treatment as described by Bado. We report a rare case of Monteggia equivalent lesion in an adult with unclear mechanism of injury. The possible mechanismof injury, its management and the followup results were described. An attempt to solve the controversy regarding whether labeling it as type 1 or type 2 was made.

关键词： Elbow Dislocations Monteggia'sfracture Fracture ation, internal

Monteggia fracture dislocation equivalents analysis of eighteen cases treated by open reduction and internal fixation

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2011年第4期14卷 221-226页

作者： Ajay Pal Singh ish kumar dhammi Anil kumar Jain Rajeev Raman Prashant Modi Punjab Civil Medical Services-I Mukerian Punjab India Department of Orthopaedics UCMS & GTB HospitalDelhi 110095 India

Objective： Monteggia fracture disloca- tion equivalent, though already described by Bado, is still an unclassified entity. We aimed to retrospectively analyze 18 cases of Monteggia variants and discuss the injury mechanisms, management, and outcome along with a re- view of the literature. Methods： A retrospective record of Monteggia frac- ture dislocation （2003-2008） was reviewed from medical record department of our institute. Classic Monteggia frac- ture dislocation, children below 12 years or adults over 50 years, as well as open grade iI ＆ Ill cases were excluded from this study. Monteggia variant inclusion criteria in- cluded fracture of the proximal ulna together with a fracture of the radial head or neck and skeletal maturity. Totally 26 patients were identified with Monteggia variants and 18 were available for follow-up, including 11 males and 7 fe- males with the mean age of 35 years. The ulna fracture was treated by compression plating along with tension band wiring. Radial head/neck was reconstructed in 12 patients while excised in 6 patients. Results： Follow-up ranged from 1-4 years, mean 2.6 years. Patients were assessed clinicoradiologically. MayoElbow Performance Score outcomes. At final follow-up, was employed to assess the the results were excellent in 10 patients, good in 4, fair in 2 and poor in 2. Mean range of motion of the elbow was 20°, 116°, 50° and 55° for extension, flexion, pronation and supination, respectively. Two patients had complications in the form of heterotopic ossification and stiffness of the elbow. One nonunion ulna, primarily treated by tension band wiring, was managed by refixation with locking reconstruction plate and bone grafting. Bone grafting was only required in this patient for nonunion. Another patient had implants removed on his request. The results in our series closely correlated with extent of intraarticular damage, coronoid fracture and comminuted fractures. Conclusions： Monteggia fracture dislocation equiva-

关键词： Monteggia's fracture Radius fracture Ulna

Outcome of surgical treatment of type Ⅳ capitellum frac- tures in adults

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2012年第4期15卷 201-205页

作者： Ajay Pal Singh ish kumar dhammi Vipul Garg Arun Pal Singh Punjab Civil Medical Services-I Mukerian PunjabIn-dia Department of Orthopaedics UCMS&GTB HospitalDelhiIndia Swami Pramanand Hospital MukerianPunjabIndia

Objective： Fractures of the capitellum and trochlea constitute less than 1% of all elbow fractures and a shear fracture involving the capitellum and extending medially into most of the trochlea is rarely reported. Type Ⅳ capitellum fracture is still controversial in regard to its ra- diographic appearance, surgical approach and osteosynthesis. We report 10 cases of type Ⅳ capitellum fracture with a view to elucidating its clinical features and treatment outcome. Methods： We treated 10 patients of type Ⅳ capitellum fracture with a mean age of 32 years. A uniform surgical approach and postoperative rehabilitation were followed. Results： Nine patients presented to us after a mean of 4 days of injury and one patient was nonunion after 6 months of injury who had been treated conservatively by a bone setter. Double arc sign was absent in 6 cases. Intraopera- tively 6 capitellotrochlear fragments were devoid of soft tissue attachments. By Mayo Elbow Performance Score evaluation, 7 patients got excellent, 2 good and 1 fair results. One patient with associated elbow dislocation developed heterotopic ossification. There was no case of avascular necrosis, osteoarthrosis or fixation failures. Conclusions： Type Ⅳ capitellum fractures are rare and belong to complex articular injuries. A good functional out- come can only be achieved with open reduction and stable internal fixation followed by early mobilization. Preopera- tive radiographic assessment and computed tomography help surgeons in choosing the right surgical approach and implants. Good surgical technique and stable internal fixa- tion are the keys to early mobilization and good functional outcome.

关键词： Fractures, bone Elbow joint Fracture location, internal Bone wires

Translocator protein and neurodegeneration: insights from Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1090-1091页

作者： Arpit kumar Pradhan Rainer Rupprecht Gerhard Rammes Klinik für Anaesthesiologie und Intensivmedizin der Technischen Universität München Klinikum rechts der IsarMunichGermany Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenMartinsriedGermany Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University RegensburgRegensburgGermany

The 18 kDa translocator protein(TSPO)located on the outer mitochondrial membrane regulates several key cellular processes including mitochondrial homeostasis,cholesterol transport,apoptosis,cell proliferation,and maintenance of mitochondrial health(Rupprecht et al.,2022,2023).TSPO is expressed in both peripheral organs and the central nervous system,with a more pronounced expression in tissues that produce *** main reason why TSPO has garnered so much attention is because it plays a key role in neurosteroidogenesis by transferring cholesterol from the outer to the inner mitochondrial membrane,which is the rate-limiting step in neurosteroid synthesis.A cholesterol-recognizing amino acid consensus domain has been identified in the cytosolic C terminus of the TSPO protein by both in vitro and site-directed mutagenesis experiments(Li et al.,2001).However,the role of TSPO in the process of neurosteroid synthesis has been challenged by several studies,particularly TSPO knockout models,which suggest that TSPO removal does not affect the phenotype or the system’s viability(Tu et al.,2014).However,ligands targeting TSPO have been shown to enhance levels of neurosteroids which suggests that neurosteroidogenesis is one of the major functional roles mediated by the TSPO protein.

关键词： cholesterol organs

Telemedicine and public health–pearls and pitfalls

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World Journal of Methodology 2025年第2期15卷 177-179页

作者： Ranjeet kumar Sinha Sony Sinha Prateek Nishant Arvind kumar Morya Arshi Singh Department of Community Medicine Patna Medical CollegePatna 800004BiharIndia Department of Ophthalmology-Vitreo-Retina Neuro-Ophthalmology and OculoplastyAll India Institute of Medical SciencesPatna 801507BiharIndia Department of Ophthalmology ESIC Medical CollegePatna 801103BiharIndia Department of Ophthalmology All India Institute of Medical SciencesHyderabad 508126TelanganaIndia Department of Ophthalmology Guru Nanak Eye CenterNew Delhi 110001India

We hereby comment on the interesting systematic review by Grewal et al where they have provided an overall picture of the current status of available tele-health programs in the United States with emphasis on the Amazon *** analysis is an appreciable effort in discovering the features available and features lacking in these tele-health *** concept of tele-health originated to curtail the need for physical attendance of patients at health clinics,and has been beneficial during the coronavirus disease 2019 *** implore that the pearls and pitfalls of these programs have to be understood by policymakers prior to forming a consensus regarding the availability,accessibility and affordability of these programs as methods of healthcare *** proliferation of tele-health programs in their current form may pose threats to patient and provider safety and medicolegal ***,patients and providers must work together to improve them to meet their expectations and enable them to provide the best care for the ailing public.

关键词： Telemedicine Remote Access Availability Accessibility Affordability Ethics Privacy Medicolegal liability

Insights into gastrointestinal manifestation of human immunodeficiency virus:A narrative review

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World Journal of Virology 2025年第1期14卷 51-62页

作者： Pratiksha Moliya Anmol Singh Navdeep Singh Vikash kumar Aalam Sohal Department of Transplant Hepatology University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 69198United States Department of Medicine Tristar Centennial Medical CenterNashvilleTN 37203United States Department of Medicine Government Medical CollegeAmritsar 143001PunjabIndia Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Creighton University School of MedicinePhoenixAZ 85012United States

Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)modifies CD4-positive cells,resulting in immunodeficiency and a wide range of gastrointestinal(GI)*** burden of HIV-related GI illnesses has significantly evolved with the widespread use of antiretroviral therapy(ART).While ART has effectively reduced the occurrence of opportunistic infections,it has led to an increase in therapy-related GI *** esophageal conditions in HIV patients include gastroesophageal reflux disease,idiopathic esophageal ulcers,herpes simplex virus,cytomegalovirus(CMV),and candidal ***’s sarcoma,a hallmark of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome,may affect the entire GI *** and peptic ulcer disease are also frequently seen in patients with ***,often linked to both opportunistic infections and ART,requires careful *** diarrhea,often a sign of colitis caused by bacterial infections such as Shigella or Clostridium difficile,is *** bowel lymphoma,although rare,is increasing in *** disorders,including proctitis,fissures,and anal squamous cell carcinoma,are particularly relevant in homosexual men,underlining the importance of timely *** review comprehensively explores the epidemiology,pathogenesis,and treatment considerations for the various GI disorders associated with HIV,highlighting the importance of accurate diagnosis and effective treatment to improve outcomes for HIV-infected patients.

关键词： Human immunodeficiency virus Opportunistic infections Antiretroviral treatment Gastrointestinal