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Local records of long-term dynamics of bamboo gregarious flowering in northern Laos and regional synchronicity of Dendrocalamus membranaceus in two flowering sites

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第6期14卷 1058-1064页

作者： hirota isao Gifu University - Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences Yanagido 1-2 Gifu 501-1193 JAPAN Gifu 501-1193 Japan

Bamboos are widely distributed in mainland Southeast Asia and have abundant biomass. They are characterized by prolonged vegetative growth and semelparity. Where bamboos are dominant, their synchronous flowering and death has a major impact on forest vegetation. Although the small-scale dynamics of this process have become clearer in recent years, the history, geographical scale and synchronicity of bamboo flowering over broad areas remains unknown. This study focused on the flowering history of six bamboo species, Bambusa tulda, Cephalostachyum virgatum, Dendrocalamus hamiltonii, Dendrocalamus membranaceus, Indosasa sinica and Oxytenanthera parvifolia, over 40 years across a broad area of northern Laos. We also examined the synchronicity of flowering in D. membranaceus. We visited 49 villages in northern Laos and surveyed knowledgeable inhabitants about bamboo flowering history. The timing, scale and synchronicity of gregarious flowering varied among species. D. hamiltonii and D. membranaceus showed higher flowering synchronicity than other species. All the species except I. sinica had both sporadic and gregarious flowering traits, and showed conspicuous variability in their flowering scale. The flowering bamboo population at two gregarious flowering sites for D. membranaceus was surveyed. While thisspecies had the highest synchronicity in this study, its synchronicity was lower than other species in previous studies worldwide. We found that the gregarious flowering of bamboos in northern Laos over the last 40 years showed lower synchronicity than bamboo flowering reported in other areas of the world. The historical dynamics and scale of bamboo flowering must be further clarified to understand the vegetation composition of this area.

关键词： Fallow forest Sporadic flowering Shifting cultivation Synchronicity Southeast Asia

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Livelihood Factors and Household Strategies for an Unexpected Climate Event in Upland Northern Laos

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Journal of Mountain Science 2015年第2期12卷 483-500页

作者： Phanxay INGXAY Satoshi YOKOYAMA isao hirota Department of Geography Graduate School of Environmental Studies Nagoya University Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences Nagoya University

Climate events pose major challenges to food production and the livelihoods of rural inhabitants in northern Laos, where upland rice using swidden production is an important crop. The onset of the rainy season in this area is one such climate event, and it has occurred earlier and with less regularity in recent years. Not all households are able to cope with these changes. This study examines the ability of local farmers to cope with rice insufficiency. This investigation also clarifies household strategies in dealing with the climate event. We randomly interviewed 63 of 95 household heads, and performed a paired sample t test to examine the significance of differences in three household groups between the 2010 normal climate and the 2011 climate event. The groups were categorized according to rice selfsufficiency in 2011: groups I are households with rice self-sufficiency, group II are those facing a rice shortage of up to 3 months, and group III are those with insufficient rice for over 3 months. We also conducted a one-way ANOVA to examine the significance of differences in livelihood strategies among the three groups. We found that the household labor force was the most important factor in enhancing the villagers' ability to deal with the climate event and that the level of impact of that event shaped their coping strategies. Households with substantial labor force had more options for coping strategies than those with smaller ones. The villagers faced different levels of impact and adopted differentcoping strategies accordingly. Non-timber forest product collection was the principle livelihood strategy in response to non-climate factors such as education, access to health services, provision of equipment and clothing, and overcoming the impact of the climate event. Households heavily affected by the early rainy season onset tended to engage in intensive activities such as off-farm activity and outside work, rather than their major livelihood activities in the v

关键词： Climate events Livelihood factors Livelihood change Household strategy Swidden

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Aboveground biomass and seasonal patterns of aboveground net primary productivity in five bamboo species in northern Laos

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第2期13卷 150-156页

作者： Singkone Xayalath isao hirota Shinsuke Tomita Michiko Nakagawa Department of Forest and Environmental Resource Sciences Graduate School of Bioagricultural SciencesNagoya UniversityNagoya 464-8601Japan Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science Faculty of Applied Biological SciencesGifu UniversityGifu 501-1193Japan Asian Satellite Campuses Institute Nagoya UniversityNagoya 464-8601Japan

Aims Accurate estimates of bamboo biomass and net primary productivity(NPP)are required to evaluate the carbon sequestration potential of bamboo ***,relevant data that are important for climate change mitigation,have rarely been collected in regions outside of East Asia and *** on seasonal patterns of NPP and its components will enable the quantification of factors that influence the carbon balance in bamboo *** this study,we quantified the aboveground biomass(AGB)and aboveground NPP of five major bamboo species in northern Laos using monthly data collected over a 12-month *** All live culms in 10,2 m×2 m plots(for one monopodial bamboo species:Indosasa sinica)and 30 clumps per species(for four sympodial bamboo species:Bambusa tulda,Cephalostachyum virgatum,Dendrocalamus membranaceus and Gigantochloa sp.)were numbered and measured at breast *** set 10 or 20 litter traps per species to collect *** of dead and recruited culms and litterfall collection were performed once per month for 12 *** Findings The AGB was highest in ***(59.87 Mg ha^(-1))and lowest in ***(11.54 Mg ha^(-1)),and was mostly below the plausible global range for bamboos(32–256 Mg ha^(-1)).The sympatric distribution of multiple bamboo species at the study sites may have suppressed the AGB in four of the five studied *** aboveground NPP estimates were between 3.43 and 14.25 Mg ha^(-1) yr^(-1);those for ***(8.20 Mg ha^(-1) yr^(-1))and ***(14.25 Mg ha^(-1) yr^(-1))were comparable to mean global estimates for temperate evergreen forests(8.78 Mg ha^(-1) yr^(-1))and tropical moist forests(10.56 Mg ha^(-1) yr^(-1)).High culm recruitment rates(15.20–23.39%yr^(-1))were major contributors to aboveground NPP *** patterns of aboveground NPP were largely influenced by the phenology of the new *** the four sympodial bamboo species,new culms began to emerge following the onset of per

关键词： bamboo forest carbon sequestration culm dynamics litterfall northern Laos seasonality

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Bacterial communities in different locations, seasons and segments of a dairy wastewater treatment system consisting of six segments

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第8期28卷 109-115页

作者： Kikue hirota Yuji Yokota Toru Sekimura Hiroshi Uchiumi Yong Guo Hiroyuki Ohta isao Yumoto Bioproduction Research Institute National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) ACT Corporation Ibaraki University College of Agriculture Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology Graduate School of Agriculture Hokkaido University

A dairy wastewater treatment system composed of the 1st segment（no aeration） equipped with a facility for the destruction of milk fat particles, four successive aerobic treatment segments with activated sludge and a final sludge settlement segment was developed. The activated sludge is circulated through the six segments by settling sediments（activated sludge） in the 6th segment and sending the sediments beck to the 1st and 2nd *** was examined using samples from the non-aerated 1st and aerated 2nd segments obtained from two farms using the same system in summer or winter. Principal component analysis showed that the change in microbiota from the 1st to 2nd segments concomitant with effective wastewater treatment is affected by the concentrations of activated sludge and organic matter（biological oxygen demand [BOD]）, and dissolved oxygen（DO） content. Microbiota from five segments（1st and four successive aerobic segments） in one location was also examined. Although the activated sludge is circulating throughout all the segments, microbiota fluctuation was observed. The observed successive changes in microbiota reflected the changes in the concentrations of organic matter and other physicochemical conditions（such as DO）, suggesting that the microbiota is flexibly changeable depending on the environmental condition in the segments. The genera Dechloromonas, Zoogloea and Leptothrix are frequently observed in this wastewater treatment system throughout the analyses of microbiota in this study.

关键词： Dairy wastewater Dairy fat Activated sludge Bacterial community analysis

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Energetics of Resistive Wall Modes in Flowing Plasmas

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Plasma Science and Technology 2009年第4期11卷 409-412页

作者： M.hirota Japan Atomic Energy Agency

Stabilization/destabilization of magnetohydrodynamic （MHD） waves are formulated in terms of wave energy, where the waves are subject to Alfven and sound resonances and also influenced by small resistivity at conductive wall. Negative energy wave, which may exist in the presence of mean flow, is shown to be destabilized by the resistive wall, where its growth rate is characterized by the energy dissipation rate. The effect of resonance is examined as well based on a recent knowledge of wave energy for Alfv4n and sound continuum modes. Resonant coupling between an eigenmode and a continuum mode having the same sign of energy results in phase mixing （or continuum） damping. In contrast, if their signs are opposite, such resonance triggers an instability.

关键词： MHD stability resitive wall mode flowing plasma wave energy

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Sub-classification of intermediate-stage(Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage-B) hepatocellular carcinomas

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第37期21卷 10604-10608页

作者： Koichiro Yamakado Shozo hirota Department of Radiology Hyogo College of Medicine

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), the fifth most common cancer in the world, shows increasing incidence worldwide. Curative treatments such as hepatectomy,liver transplantation, and radiofrequency ablation are applied in only 30%-60% of cases. Most remaining patients receive transarterial chemoembolization(TACE).Patients with intermediate-stage HCCs are regarded as good candidates for TACE. However, the intermediate stage includes non-homogeneous patients. Some movements are underway to stratify patients using prognostic factors to identify patient groups exhibiting greater benefit from TACE than other patient *** review describes two substaging systems that subclassify intermediate-stage HCCs and discusses the importance of dividing intermediate-stage patients.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Intermediatestage Chemoem

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Strategy for quantum image stabilization

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2016年第5期59卷 39-48页

作者： Fei YAN Abdullah M.ILIYASU Huamin YANG Kaoru hirota School of Computer Science and Technology Changchun University of Science and Technology College of Engineering Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Department of Computational Intelligence and Systems Science Tokyo Institute of Technology

Image stabilization is a process to smooth the unstable motion vector of video sequences to achieve its stabilization. Even though the classical image stabilization techniques seem already very mature so far, similar advances have not been extended to the quantum computing domain. In this study, we explore a novel quantum video framework and make a modest attempt to perform the image stabilization based on it by utilizing the quantum comparator and quantum image translation operations. The proposed method is capable of estimating the camera motion during exposure and compensating for the video jitter caused by the motion. In addition, the quantum properties, i.e., entanglement and parallelism, ensure that the quantum image stabilization is feasible and effective. Finally, a simple experiment to stabilize a four-frame jittered quantum video is implemented using Matlab based on linear algebra with complex vectors as quantum states and unitary matrices as unitary transforms to show the feasibility and merits of this proposal.

关键词： quantum computation image stabilization quantum video image translation quantum measurement

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Activation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 attenuates periapical inflammation and bone loss

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International Journal of Oral Science 2018年第2期10卷 92-101页

作者： Kimito Hirai Hisako Furusho Kiichi hirota Hajime Sasaki Department of Cariology Restorative Sciences & Endodontics University of Michigan School of Dentistry Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases The Forsyth Institute Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathobiology Hiroshima University Department of Human Stress Response Science Institute of Biomedical Science Kansai Medical University

Hypoxia（low oxygen level） is an important feature during infections and affects the host defence mechanisms. The host has evolved specific responses to address hypoxia, which are strongly dependent on the activation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1（HIF-1）.Hypoxia interferes degradation of HIF-1 alpha subunit（HIF-1α）, leading to stabilisation of HIF-1α, heterodimerization with HIF-1 beta subunit（HIF-1β） and subsequent activation of HIF-1 pathway. Apical periodontitis（periapical lesion） is a consequence of endodontic infection and ultimately results in destruction of tooth-supporting tissue, including alveolar bone. Thus far, the role of HIF-1 in periapical lesions has not been systematically examined. In the present study, we determined the role of HIF-1 in a wellcharacterised mouse periapical lesion model using two HIF-1α-activating strategies, dimethyloxalylglycine（DMOG） and adenovirusinduced constitutively active HIF-1α（CA-HIF1 A）. Both DMOG and CA-HIF1 A attenuated periapical inflammation and tissue destruction. The attenuation in vivo was associated with downregulation of nuclear factor-κappa B（NF-κB） and osteoclastic gene expressions. These two agents also suppressed NF-κB activation and subsequent production of proinflammatory cytokines by macrophages. Furthermore, activation of HIF-1α by DMOG specifically suppressed lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophage differentiation into M1 cells, increasing the ratio of M2 macrophages against M1 cells. Taken together, our data indicated that activation of HIF-1 plays a protective role in the development of apical periodontitis via downregulation of NF-κB, proinflammatory cytokines, M1 macrophages and osteoclastogenesis.

关键词： CA Activation hypoxia-inducible factor attenuates periapical inflammation bone loss HIF

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A LESO Based Backstepping Controller Considering Coal Seam Hardness for Rotary Speed in Coal Mine Tunnel Drilling Process

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第5期37卷 1789-1808页

作者： CHEN Luefeng LIU Xiao WU Min LU Chengda PEDRYCZ Witold hirota Kaoru School of Automation China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems Wuhan 430074China Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology for Geo-Exploration Ministry of EducationWuhan 430074China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6R2G7Canada The Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama 226-8502Japan

In the process of coal mine drilling,controlling the rotary speed is important as it determines the efficiency and safety of *** this paper,a linear extended state observer(LESO)based backstepping controller for rotary speed is proposed,which can overcome the impact of changes in coal seam hardness on rotary ***,the influence of coal seam hardness on the drilling rig’s rotary system is considered for the first time,which is reflected in the numerical variation of load torque,and a dynamic model for the design of rotary speed controller is *** an LESO is designed to observe the load torque,and feedforward compensation is carried out to overcome the influence of coal seam *** on the model of the compensated system,a backstepping method is used to design a controller to achieve tracking control of the rotary ***,the effectiveness of the controller designed in this paper is demonstrated through simulation and field experiments,the steady-state error of the rotary speed in field is 1 r/min,and the overshoot is reduced to 5.8%.This greatly improves the stability and security,which is exactly what the drilling process requires.

关键词： Backstepping extended state observer hydraulic tunnel drilling machine rotary speed

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A population randomization-based multi-objective genetic algorithm for gesture adaptation in human-robot interaction

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2021年第1期64卷 188-200页

作者： Luefeng CHEN Wanjuan SU Min LI Min WU Witold PEDRYCZ Kaoru hirota School of Automation China University of Geosciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta Tokyo Institute of Technology

In recent years, vision-based gesture adaptation has attracted great attention from many experts in the field of human-robot interaction, and many methods have been proposed and successfully applied, such as particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithm. However, the reduction of the error and energy consumption of a robot while paying attention to more subtle attitude changes is very important and *** view of these problems, we propose a population randomization-based multi-objective genetic *** gesture signal is processed with a slight change by imitating the biological evolution mechanisms. In the proposed algorithm, a random out-of-order matrix is added in the process of population evolution synthesis to prevent the premature grouping convergence of the new population. The weights of the objective function and the elite retention strategy are adopted, and the most adaptable individuals in each generation are inherited directly in the next generation without any recombination or mutation. To verify the effectiveness of the algorithm, preliminary application experiments are performed on the gesture adaptation of a robotic arm. The results are compared with the original signal, and the comparison shows that by using the proposed method, the energy consumption is reduced, and the end error is decreased to less than 3 mm while ensuring the tracking effect of the robotic arm. These obtained results meet the communication requirements for human-robot interactions such as handshakes. Moreover, the proposed method has better performance, uses less energy, and has a smaller tracking error than the particle swarm optimization, the single-objective genetic algorithm, and the traditional multi-objective genetic algorithm. A preliminary application experiment indicates that the robotic arm can adapt to human gestures in real time.

关键词： multi-objective genetic algorithm gesture adaptation human-robot interaction

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