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Pediatric intestinal obstruction: analysis of etiologies and factors influencing short-term outcomes in Rwanda

World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2022年第4期5卷 255-260页

作者： isaie twahirwa Cyriaque Ndayiragije Martin Nyundo Jennifer Rickard Edmond Ntaganda Surgery University of Rwanda College of Medicine and Health SciencesKigaliRwanda Surgery University Teaching Hospital of ButareButareRwanda Surgery University Teaching Hospital of KigaliKigaliRwanda Surgery University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA

Background Intestinal obstruction is a common presentation in pediatric surgical emergencies and presents with different etiologies depending on country or *** morbidity and mortality are high in low-income and middle-income countries,with variable influencing *** aims of this study were to determine the etiologies,morbidity and mortality of pediatric intestinal obstruction and to assess the factors associated with the outcomes of these conditions in *** This was a cross-sectional study conducted on pediatric patients with intestinal obstruction in two Rwandan university teaching *** patients were followed from admission until discharge,and we documented their basic characteristics,diagnosis,operative details and postoperative *** were collected using data collection form and were electronically captured and analysed using SPSS *** A total of 65 patients were enrolled in this *** were predominantly male(n=49,75.4%),and the majority of patients(86.2%)were below age 6 *** was the most common etiology(n=22,33.8%).Other common etiologies were Hirschsprung’s disease(n=13,20%),incarcerated inguinal and umbilical hernias(n=6,9.2%),intestinal worms’impaction(n=5,7.7%)and adhesions(n=5,7.7%).Mortality and morbidity were 9.2%and 39.7%,*** most common complications were surgical site infection(n=6,9.5%)and sepsis(n=6,9.5%).Preoperative anemia(p=0.001),finding of gangrenous bowels(p=0.003)and bowel resection at the time of laparotomy(p=0.039)were factors associated with postoperative *** The etiologies of intestinal obstruction are variable and common in children below 6 years in *** associated morbidly is high and is influenced by the preoperative anemia,finding of gangrenous bowels and bowel resection.

关键词： obstruction anemia diagnosis

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Potential Driving Systems Associated with Extreme Rainfall across East Africa during October to December (OND) Season 2019

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第7期12卷 25-49页

作者： Constantine Ingeri Wang Wen Joseph Ndakize Sebaziga Vedaste Iyakaremye Samuel Ekwacu Prosper Ayabagabo Anthony twahirwa Jonah Kazora School of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China Rwanda Meteorology Agency (Meteo Rwanda) Kigali Rwanda School of Science and Technology University of Rwanda (UR-CST) Kigali Rwanda Climate and Clean Air Coalition Secretariat Paris France Rwanda Environment Management Authority (REMA) Kigali Rwanda Uganda National Meteorological Authority (UNMA) Kampala Uganda Department of Earth and Climate Science University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya

The East African (EA) region highly experiences intra-seasonal and inter-annual variation in rainfall amounts. This study investigates the driving factors for anomalous rainfall events observed during the season of October-November-December (OND) 2019 over the region. The study utilized daily rainfall data from Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station Data Version 2 (CHIRPSv2) and the driving systems data. Statistical spatiotemporal analysis, correlation, and composite techniques were performed to investigate the teleconnection between OND 2019 seasonal rainfall and global synoptic climate systems. The findings showed that the OND 2019 experienced seasonal rainfall that was twice or greater than its seasonal climatology and varied with location. Further, the OND 2019 rainfall showed a positive correlation with the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) (0.81), Nino 3 (0.51), Nino 3.4 (0.47), Nino 4 (0.40), Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) (0.22), and North Tropical Atlantic (NTA) (0.02), while El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) showed a negative correlation (−0.30). The region was dominated by southeasterly warming and humid winds that originated from the Indian Ocean, while the geopotential height, vertical velocity, and vorticity anomalies were closely related to the anomalous rainfall characteristics. The study deduced that the IOD was the major synoptic system that influenced maximum rainfall during the peak season of OND 2019. This study therefore provided insights on the diagnosis study of OND 2019 anomalous rainfall and its attribution over the EA. The findings of the study will contribute to improvements in forecasting seasonal rainfall by regional climate centers and national meteorological centers within the region.

关键词： East Africa Driving Climate Systems October-November-December (OND) 2019 Rainfall

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大豆浓缩蛋白的改性研究

大豆浓缩蛋白的改性研究

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作者： Mushimiyimana isaie（伊赛）北京化工大学

学位级别：硕士

本文目的在于研究大豆浓缩蛋白的起泡能力、泡沫稳定性、溶解性、乳化能力、乳化稳定性、凝胶性、粘性及吸水性等性质的影响因素。研究了盐和糖对大豆浓缩蛋白的提取性、蛋白的组成、蛋白的功能性等的影响。起泡性质的实验中选择了不... 详细信息

本文目的在于研究大豆浓缩蛋白的起泡能力、泡沫稳定性、溶解性、乳化能力、乳化稳定性、凝胶性、粘性及吸水性等性质的影响因素。研究了盐和糖对大豆浓缩蛋白的提取性、蛋白的组成、蛋白的功能性等的影响。起泡性质的实验中选择了不同的盐(NaSO,NaCl,CHCOONa,NaNO)和糖(蔗糖和葡萄糖)浓度,盐浓度分别为1,3,5,10%,糖类浓度为0.5%。实验结果表明,加入蔗糖或乳糖后起泡能力有所降低。在不加糖和加入蔗糖或乳糖的条件下,起泡能力均在NaSO浓度为5%(w/v)时达到最佳。另外,对于不同的盐来说,随着盐浓度的增加,泡沫稳定性均呈上升趋势。在pH 2,0-9.0范围内测定了两个体系(纯水和2%(w/v)NaSO溶液)中的氮溶解度,发现氮溶解度在pH大于等电点时呈上升趋势。在未加入蔗糖的条件下,乳化能力在pH=5时达到最大值86.5%(1%NaCl),加入蔗糖后,乳化能力在pH=4时达到最大值87%(1%NaCl)。在未加盐和蔗糖的条件下,大豆浓缩蛋白浓度为8%(w/v)开始形成凝胶;在加盐未加蔗糖的条件下,大豆浓缩蛋白浓度为6%(w/v)开始形成凝胶;在盐和蔗糖都加入时,大豆浓缩蛋白浓度为8%(w/v)开始形成凝胶。大豆浓缩蛋白的粘度随着温度的升高而降低,随着蔗糖浓度的升高而升高。在盐(NaCl和NaSO)浓度为10%(w/v)时,吸水性分别达到最大值275%和272%。

关键词：大豆浓缩蛋白功能特性糖盐

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重型载货汽车驾驶室悬置参数优化设计研究

重型载货汽车驾驶室悬置参数优化设计研究

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作者： twahirwa Jean Eric 北京理工大学

学位级别：硕士

本文以江淮汽车股份有限公司开发的一款驾驶室全浮式重型商用车为对象,应用振动力学、随机振动理论、多体动力学理论,分别采用集中质量法、ADAMS软件建立驾驶室悬置系统及整车虚拟样机模型,通过对模型的仿真分析,讨论驾驶室悬置系统主... 详细信息

本文以江淮汽车股份有限公司开发的一款驾驶室全浮式重型商用车为对象,应用振动力学、随机振动理论、多体动力学理论,分别采用集中质量法、ADAMS软件建立驾驶室悬置系统及整车虚拟样机模型,通过对模型的仿真分析,讨论驾驶室悬置系统主要参数对驾驶室平顺性影响,并对驾驶室悬置系统主要参数进行优化设计,再通过实车道路试验验证设计方案,为企业产品开发及今后同类车型开发提供指导性建议。论文主要研究内容如下:1)采用集中质量法和弹性弯曲振动振动理论方法建立了整车15自由度振动模型,并使用Matlab软件编制程序对驾驶室的乘坐舒适性进行计算机仿真。重点考察各种驾驶室悬置参数对重型汽车的乘坐舒适性的影响。2)基于ADAMS多体动力学建立了全浮式悬置驾驶室虚拟整车样机,并采用相应模块对脉冲路面激励、随机路面激励和30-100km/h车速对驾驶员座椅处振动加速度进行了仿真,计算结果表明:综合总加权加速度均方根值与人的主观感觉之间的关系主要为很不舒服的级别,故需对驾驶室前后悬置参数（如刚度和阻尼参数）进行优化。3)基于振动能量解耦理论和单纯形算法对驾驶室全浮悬置系统参数进行了优化设计,通过合理选择全浮悬置的刚度、阻尼,优化驾驶室总成悬置系统的各阶模态参数,可以达到减少和隔离动力总成振动与路面激励振动通过车架传递给驾驶室的振动,达到改善驾乘舒适性的目的。4)根据前面全浮驾驶室悬置参数优化结果,进行了空气气囊直径和刚度设计,建立了驾驶室耦合空气弹簧动力学模型,并进行了仿真计算。5)采用满载试验方法完成的全浮驾驶室样车整车道路振动平顺性试验,为验证理论计算结果和驾驶室悬置优化设计提供实验依据。本文以上研究成果已在江淮汽车某型号四气囊全浮驾驶室牵引车产品上得到了充足的验证,并得到了较高乘坐舒适性的评价。

关键词：空气悬置载货汽车优化仿真

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