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Abomasal infusion of branched-chain amino acids or branched-chain keto-acids alter lactation performance and liver triglycerides in fresh cows

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1145-1157页

作者： Kristen Gallagher isabelle bernstein Cynthia Collings David Main Ghayyoor Ahmad Sarah Naughton Jayasimha Daddam Vengai Mavangira Mike Vandehaar Zheng Zhou Department of Animal Science Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing 48824USA Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine Ames 50011USA

Background Dairy cows are at high risk of fatty liver disease in early lactation,but current preventative measures are not always *** with fatty liver have lower circulating branched-chain amino acid(BCAA)concentra-tions whereas cows with high circulating BCAA levels have low liver triglyceride(TG).Our objective was to determine the impact of BCAA and their corresponding ketoacids(branched-chain ketoacids,BCKA)on production performance and liver TG accumulation in Holstein cows in the first 3 weeks *** Thirty-six multiparous Holstein cows were used in a randomized block design *** were abomasally infused for the first 21 d postpartum with solutions of 1)saline(CON,n=12);2)BCA(67 g valine,50 g leu-cine,and 34 g isoleucine,n=12);and 3)BCK(77 g 2-ketovaline calcium salt,57 g 2-ketoleucine calcium salt,and 39 g 2-ketoisoleucine calcium salt,n=12).All cows received the same *** effects were determined using PROC GLIMMIX in *** No differences were detected for body weight,body condition score,or dry matter intake averaged over the first 21 d *** receiving BCK had significantly lower liver TG concentrations compared to CON(6.60%vs.4.77%,standard error of the mean(SEM)0.49)during the first 3 weeks of *** of BCA increased milk yield(39.5 vs.35.3 kg/d,SEM 1.8),milk fat yield(2.10 vs.1.69 kg/d,SEM 0.08),and lactose yield(2.11 vs.1.67 kg/d,SEM 0.07)compared with *** to CON,cows receiving BCA had lower plasma glucose(55.0 vs.59.2 mg/dL,SEM 0.86)but higherβ-hydroxybutyrate(9.17 vs.6.00 mg/dL,SEM 0.80).Conclusions Overall,BCAA supplementation in this study improved milk production,whereas BCKA supplementa-tion reduced TG accumulation in the liver of fresh cows.

关键词： Branched-chain amino acids Branched-chain ketoacids Fatty liver Fresh cow

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Detailed Analysis of the Flow in the Inducer of a Transonic Centrifugal Compressor

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Journal of Thermal Science 2012年第1期21卷 1-12页

作者： Nicolas Buffaz isabelle Trébinjac Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides et d'Acoustique Ecole Centrale de Lyon 36 av. Guy de Collongue

Numerical and experimental investigations were conducted in a transonic centrifugal compressor stage composed of a backswept splittered unshrouded impeller and a vaned diffuser. A detailed analysis of the flow in the inducer (i.e. the entry zone of the impeller between the main blade leading edge and the splitter blade leading edge) is proposed from choke to surge. Steady and unsteady simulations were performed using the code elsA, which uses a multi-domain approach on structured meshes and solves the compressible RANS equations, associated with a two-equation turbulence model k-l in the rotating frame of reference. The 1MW LMFA-ECL test rig was used for carrying out the tests in the compressor stage. Unsteady pressure measurements up to 150 kHz and Laser Doppler Anemometry measurements were performed in the inducer. A good agreement is obtained between the experimental and numerical data even if an over dissipation is noticed in the numerical results. The change in flow pattern from choke to surge is mainly due to a change in the tip leakage flow trajectory which straightens, leading to a flow blockage of an individual passage near shroud. A spectral analysis shows that only the blade passing frequency and its harmonics compose the various spectra obtained from choke to surge.

关键词： transonic centrifugal compressor inducer unsteady pressure measurements

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Twists and turns of the genetic story of mevalonate kinase-associated diseases:A review

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Genes & Diseases 2022年第4期9卷 1000-1007页

作者： isabelle Touitou IRMB Univ MontpellierINSERMMontpellier 34090France Department of Medical Genetics Rare Diseases and Personalized MedicineRare and Autoinflammatory Diseases UnitCeRéMAIACHUMontpellier 34000France

Mevalonate kinase (MK)-associated diseases encompass a broad spectrum of rare auto-inflammatory conditions, all resulting from pathogenic variants in the mevalonate kinase gene (MVK). Their clinical manifestations are highly variable, ranging from more or less serious systemic disorders, such as hereditary recurrent fevers, to purely localized pathologies such as porokeratosis. The oldest condition identified as linked to this gene is a metabolic disease called mevalonic aciduria, and the most recent is disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis, a disease limited to the skin. The modes of inheritance of MK-associated diseases also diverge among the different subtypes: recessive for the systemic subtypes and dominant with a post-zygotic somatic genetic alteration for MVK-associated porokeratosis. This review quickly retraces the historical steps that led to the description of the various MK-associated disease phenotypes and to a better understanding of their pathophysiology, then summarizes and compares the different genetic mechanisms involved in this group of disorders, and finally discusses the diverse causes that could underlie this phenotypic heterogeneity.

关键词： Autoinflammatory disease Genetic disease Meval onate kinase deficiency Porokeratosis Subtypes

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The therapeutic potential of nerve growth factor combined with blood-brain barrier modulation by focused ultrasound for neurodegenerative disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第9期16卷 1783-1785页

作者： Kristiana Xhima isabelle Aubert Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program Sunnybrook Research InstituteTorontoONCanada Biological Sciences Sunnybrook Research InstituteTorontoONCanada

Nerve growth factor(NGF) is a neurotrophic factor critical for cholinergic neuronal survival, phenotypic maintenance and plasticity in the mammalian brain. NGF has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerat... 详细信息

关键词： degenerative disorders therapeutic

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Chemical Investigation of the NO_x Detection Mechanisms by Semiconductor Metal Oxide Nanoparticles

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稀有金属材料与工程 2006年第A3期35卷 40-42页

作者： Marie-isabelle Baraton Lhadi Merhari SPCTS-UMR CNRS 6638 Faculty of SciencesF-87060 LimogesFrance CERAMEC R&D F-87000 LimogesFrance

This work reports an FTIR study of the NO_x adsorption/desorption cycles on tin oxide nanosized particles under the operating conditions of real sensors (150℃,in presence of O_2).The chemical reactions are monitored in situ and correlated with the variations of the SnO_2 electrical *** the basis of the FTIR spectra,two contributing mechanisms for the NO_x detection are *** first one presents the formation of bridged nitrate groups bound to the SnO_2 surface via oxygen vacancies acting as electron donor *** second mechanism also involves surface oxygen vacancies in the coordination of NO_x,but this time the formation of NO_x anionic species is *** mechanisms lead to the decrease of the electrical conductivity under NO_x ***,the bridged nitrate groups are not reversible under gas desorption and thus irreversibly contaminate the surface after the first NO_x *** the contrary,the nitrosyl anionic species are reversible and,from the second NO_x adsorption/desorption cycle,ensure the reproducibility of the sensor response.

关键词： NO_x detection surface reactions FTIR spectroscopy Tin oxide SnO2 nanoparticles chemical sensors

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Acoustic and visual adaptations to predation risk: a predator affects communication in vocal female fish

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Current Zoology 2022年第2期68卷 149-157页

作者： isabelle Pia MAIDITSCH Friedrich LADICH Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Biology University of ViennaAlthanstraBe 14Vienna 1090Austria

Predation is an important ecological constraint that influences communication in *** respond to predators by adjusting their visual signaling behavior,but the responses in calling behavior in the presence of a visually detected predator are largely *** hypothesize that fish will reduce visual and acoustic signaling including sound levels and avoid escalating fights in the presence of a *** test this we investigated dyadic contests in female croaking gouramis(Trichopsis vittata,Osphronemidae)in the presence and absence of a predator(Astronotus ocella-tus,Cichlidae)in an adjoining *** behavior in *** consists of lateral(visual)displays,antiparallel circling,and production of croaking sounds and may escalate to frontal *** analyzed the number and duration of lateral display bouts,the number,duration,sound pressure level,and dominant frequency of croaking sounds as well as contest *** number and duration of lateral displays decreased significantly in predator when compared with nopredator *** number of sounds per contest dropped in parallel but no significant changes were observed in sound *** the presence of a predator,dyadic contests were decided or terminated during lateral displays and never escalated to frontal *** gouramis showed approaching behavior toward the predator between lateral *** is the first study supporting the hypothesis that predators reduce visual and acoustic signaling in a vocal *** properties,in contrast,did not *** signaling and the lack of escalating contests reduce the fish's conspicuousness and thus predation threat.

关键词： agonistic interactions antipredator behavior croaking gouramis predator inspection signaling behavior

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Experimental Analysis of the Rotor Stator Interaction Within a High Pressure Centrifugal Compressor

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Journal of Thermal Science 2002年第1期11卷 1-9页

作者： isabelle Trébinjac Christophe Vixège Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides et d’Acoustique Ecole Centrale de Lyon Ecully Cedex France

An analysis of the experimental results obtained by laser two focus anemometry in the rotor-stator inter-row region of a high-speed high-pressure centrifugal compressor is presented with the aim of quantifying the unsteady effects of the rotor-stator interaction. Two complementary methods are used. First, the results are analyzed in terms of the time-averaging procedure developed by Adamczyk. The purely time dependent correlations of the velocity components are quantified. They show that the unsteady interaction is mainly due to the splitter wake-vane interaction. Then, it is shown that the rotor-stator interaction produces spatial harmonics which are identified as spinning modes by means of Fourier series.

关键词： rotor-stator interaction centrifugal compressor spectral analysis.

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Linking Chloroplast Antioxidant Defense to Carbohydrate Availability： The Transcript Abundance of Stromal Ascorbate Peroxidase Is Sugar-Controlled via Ascorbate Biosynthesis

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Molecular Plant 2014年第1期7卷 58-70页

作者： isabelle Heiber Wenguo Cai Margarete Baier Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Bielefeld University Universitatsstraβe 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany Plant Physiology Free University of Berlin Dahlem Center of Plant Sciences Konigin-Luise-Str. 12-16 14195 Berlin Germany

All genes encoding chloroplast antioxidant enzymes are nuclear-encoded and posttranscriptionally targeted to chloroplasts. The transcript levels of most of them decreased upon sucrose feeding like the transcript levels of many genes encoding components of the photosynthetic electron transport chain. However, the transcript abundance of stromal ascorbate peroxidase （s-APX; At4g08390） increased. Due to mild sugar application conditions, the plants kept the phosphorylation status of the ADP＋ATP pool and the redox states of the NADPH＋NADP~ and the ascorbate pools under control, which excludes them as signals in s-APX regulation. Correlation with ascorbate pool size regulation and comparison of transcript abundance regulation in the starch-biosynthetic mutant adgl, the ascorbate biosynthesis mutant vtcl, and the abscisic acid （ABA） biosynthetic mutant aba2 showed a link between sugar induction of s-APX and ascorbate biosynthesis.

关键词： ascorbate antioxidant carbohydrate chloroplast gene expression stromal ascorbate peroxidase.

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Gut-liver axis in sepsis-associated liver injury:Epidemiology,challenges and clinical practice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第1期31卷 163-166页

作者： Fabiana Andréa Moura Aryana isabelle de Almeida Neves Siqueira College of Nutrition Federal University of AlagoasMaceio 57072-970AlagoasBrazil College of Medicine Federal University of AlagoasMaceio 57072-970AlagoasBrazil

Although the liver has a remarkable regenerative capacity,sepsis-associated liver injury(SLI)is a complication often seen in intensive care *** to its role in immune and inflammatory regulation,the liver is particularly vulnerable during severe *** the global prevalence,causes,and management of SLI is essential to improve outcomes and reduce healthcare *** paper aims to explore these factors,with an emphasis on identifying effective strategies for clinical *** et al’s bibliometric analysis of 787 publications(745 original articles and 42 reviews,mostly in animal models)from 2000 to 2023 highlights the growing interest in SLI,focusing on oxidative stress,gut microbiota,and inflammatory *** components such as nuclear factor-kappa B and the NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 inflammasome pathway,along with their links to gut microbiota imbalance and oxidative stress,are crucial for understanding SLI *** gut-liver axis,particularly the role of intestinal permeability and bacterial translocation in liver inflammation,is *** this context,bacterial translocation is especially relevant for critically ill patients,as it can exacerbate liver *** findings underscore the need for integrated care in intensive care units,prioritizing gut health and careful antibiotic use to prevent *** extensive research,there remains a lack of clinical trials to validate therapeutic *** abundance of experimental studies highlights potential therapeutic targets,stressing the need for high-quality randomized clinical trials to translate these findings into clinical practice.

关键词： Dysbiosis Oxidative stress Inflammation Microbiota Sepsis-associated liver injury

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Extending the functions of the homeotic transcription factor Cdx2 in the digestive system through nontranscriptional activities

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第5期21卷 1436-1443页

作者： Jean-Noel Freund isabelle Duluc Jean-Marie Reimund isabelle Gross Claire Domon-Dell INSERM UMR_S1113 Université de StrasbourgFMTS67200 StrasbourgFrance Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Strasbourg 67200 StrasbourgFrance

The homeoprotein encoded by the intestinal-specific Cdx2 gene is a major regulator of gut development and homeostasis,also involved in colon cancer as well as in intestinal-type metaplasias when it is abnormally expressed outside the *** the molecular level,structure/function studies have demonstrated that the Cdx2 protein is a transcription factor containing a conserved homeotic DNA-binding domain made ofthree alpha helixes arranged in a helix-turn-helix motif,preceded by a transcriptional domain and followed by a regulatory *** protein interacts with several thousand sites on the chromatin and widely regulates intestinal functions in stem/progenitor cells as well as in mature differentiated ***,this transcription factor also acts trough original nontranscriptional ***,the identification of novel protein partners of Cdx2 and also of a splicing variant revealed unexpected functions in the control of signaling pathways like the Wnt and NF-k B pathways,in double-strand break DNA repair and in premessenger RNA *** novel functions of Cdx2 must be considered to fully understand the complexity of the role of Cdx2 in the healthy intestine and in diseases.

关键词： Homeobox Transcription Signaling DNA repair RNA splicing Intestine Development Cancer Homeostasis

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