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No evidence of contagious yawning in the red-footed tortoise Geochelone carbonaria

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Current Zoology 2011年第4期57卷 477-484页

作者： Anna WILKINSON Natalie SEBANZ isabella MANDL Ludwig HUBER Department of Cognitive Biology University of Vienna Althanstrasse 14 Vienna 1090 Austria Department of Biological Sciences University of Lincoln Lincoln LN2 2LG UK Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behavior Centre for Cognition Radboud University Nijmegen P.O. Box 9104 6500 HE Nijmegen The Netherlands

Three hypotheses have attempted to explain the phenomenon of contagious yawning. It has been hypothesized that it is a fixed action pattern for which the releasing stimulus is the observation of another yawn, that it is the result of non-conscious mimicry emerging through close links between perception and action or that it is the result of empathy, involving the ability to engage in mental state attribution. This set of experiments sought to distinguish between these hypotheses by examining contagious yawning in a species that is unlikely to show nonconscious mimicry and empathy but does respond to social stimuli: the red-footed tortoise Geochelone carbonaria. A demonstrator tortoise was conditioned to yawn when presented with a red square-shaped stimulus. Observer tortoises were exposed to three conditions: observation of conditioned yawn, non demonstration control, and stimulus only control. We measured the number of yawns for each observer animal in each condition. There was no difference between conditions. Experiment 2 therefore increased the number of conditioned yawns presented. Again, there was no significant difference between conditions. It seemed plausible that the tortoises did not view the conditioned yawn as a real yawn and therefore a final experiment was run using video recorded stimuli. The observer tortoises were presented with three conditions: real yawn, conditioned yawns and empty background. Again there was no significant difference between conditions. We therefore conclude that the red-footed tortoise does not yawn in response to observing a conspecific yawn. This suggests that contagious yawning is not the result of a fixed action pattern but may involve more complex social processes [Current Zoology 57 (4): 477–484, 2011].

关键词：传染性陆龟证据动作模式社会过程精神状态视频记录空调

Chitosan conduits enriched with fibrin-collagen hydrogel with or without adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells for the repair of 15-mm-long sciatic nerve defect

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第6期18卷 1378-1385页

作者： Marwa El Soury óscar Darío García-García isabella Tarulli Jesús Chato-Astrain Isabelle Perroteau Stefano Geuna Stefania Raimondo Giovanna Gambarotia Víctor Carriel Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences University of TorinoTorinoItaly Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi University of TorinoTorinoItaly Department of Histology Tissue Engineering GroupUniversity of GranadaGranadaSpain Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADAGranadaSpain

Hollow conduits of natural or synthetic origins have shown acceptable regeneration results in short nerve gap repair;however,results are still not comparable with the current gold standard technique“autografts”.Hollow conduits do not provide a successful regeneration outcome when it comes to critical nerve gap *** the lumen of conduits with different extracellular materials and cells could provide a better biomimicry of the natural nerve regenerating environment and is expected to ameliorate the conduit *** this study,we evaluated nerve regeneration in vivo using hollow chitosan conduits or conduits enriched with fibrin-collagen hydrogels alone or with the further addition of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in a 15 mm rat sciatic nerve transection *** changes in the hydrogel consistency and structural stability in vivo led to a failure of nerve regeneration after 15 ***,the molecular assessment in the early regeneration phase(7,14,and 28 days)has shown an upregulation of useful regenerative genes in hydrogel enriched conduits compared with the hollow *** composed of fibrin-collagen were able to upregulate the expression of soluble NRG1,a growth factor that plays an important role in Schwann cell *** further enrichment with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells has led to the upregulation of other important genes such as ErbB2,VEGF-A,BDNF,c-Jun,and ATF3.

关键词： adipose-derived stem cells chitosan conduit fibrin and collagen hydrogel nerve regeneration nerve repair neuregulin 1 peripheral nerve sciatic nerve

Role of myelin sheath energy metabolism in neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第10期10卷 1570-1571页

作者： Silvia Ravera isabella Panfoli Pharmacy Department Biochemistry Laboratory University of Genova

More than any other organs,brain energy demand is entirely dependent on glucose catabolism through the oxidative phosphorylation（OXPHOS）.Glucose is the major cerebral energy substrate in the nervous system（NS）.Ket... 详细信息

关键词： Role of myelin sheath energy metabolism in neurodegenerative diseases RGC

The good and bad sides of exosomes:pre-metastatic niche formation,cancer biomarker and therapy carriers

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2020年第1期6卷 417-424页

作者： isabella Panfoli Maurizio Bruschi Dipartimento di Farmacia-DIFAR Universitàdi GenovaGenoaItaly Laboratory of Molecular Nephrology IRCCS Istituto Giannina GasliniGenoa 16147Italy

Exosomes,nanovesicles of endocytic origin,are secreted by most cell types;cancer cells representing no *** facilitate intercellular communication as they deliver diverse proteins,mRNA,miRNA and *** this review,we discuss how exosomes represent one of the main risks associated with cancer but also one of the most promising new tools to fight *** appear to function as signalling molecules between the tumour microenvironment,i.e.,the complex of both cancer and stromal cells,and the rest of the *** exosomes have been shown to drive the initiation and progression of metastasis,by transporting their cargoes to target *** this respect,exosomes are implicated in cancer progression,dissemination and therapy ***,exosomes are also emerging as a key tool in precision medicine,pivotal for cancer liquid biopsy in early diagnosis and for assessing when there is a *** exosomal cancer-derived nucleic acids by ultrasensitive next-generation sequencing along with mapping the protein profile utilizing highthroughput proteomics will allow earlier cancer detection,therapeutic stratification and monitoring of response to *** are also a promising new tool for cancer *** utilizing exosomes for these applications in cancer diagnosis and therapeutics will be the next challenge.

关键词： Biomarkers cancer exosomes immunotherapy liquid biopsy precision medicine proteomics

Sub-gap defect density characterization of molybdenum oxide: An annealing study for solar cell applications

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Nano Research 2020年第12期13卷 3416-3424页

作者： Daniele Scirè Paul Procel Antonino Gulino Olindo isabella Miro Zeman Isodiana Crupi Department of Engineering University of PalermoPalermo90128Italy Photovoltaic Materials and Devices group Delft University of TechnologyDelft2628 CDThe Netherlands Department of Chemical Sciences University of CataniaCatania95125Italy

The application of molybdenum oxide in the photovoltaic field is gaining traction as this material can be deployed in doping-free heterojunction solar cells in the role of hole selective *** modeling-based optimization of such contact,knowledge of the molybdenum oxide defect density of states(DOS)is *** this paper,we report a method to extract the defect density through nondestructive optical measures,including the contribution given by small polaron optical *** presence of defects related to oxygen-vacancy and of polaron is supported by the results of our opto-electrical characterizations along with the evaluation of previous *** part of the study,molybdenum oxide samples have been evaluated after post-deposition thermal *** results are in agreement with the result of density functional theory showing the presence of a defect band fixed at 1.1 eV below the conduction band edge of the ***,the distribution of defects is affected by post-deposition treatment.

关键词： molybdenum oxide density of states polaron theory silicon heterojunction solar cell

Heat shock protein 47 promotes tumor survival and therapy resistance by modulating AKT signaling via PHLPP1 in colorectal cancer

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2020年第2期17卷 343-356页

作者： Yijye Chern Peter Zhang Hyelim Ju isabella T.Tai Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouver V6T 1Z4Canada Michael Smith Genome Sciences Center British Columbia Cancer AgencyVancouver V5Z 4S6Canada

Objective:Heat shock protein 47(HSP47)is a collagen-specific molecular chaperone that facilitates collagen *** role in cancer remains largely *** this study,we investigated the roles o f HSP47 in colorectal cancer(CRC)and therapy ***:Expression o f HSP47 in CRC tissues was examined(1)in paired human CRC/adjacent normal tissues,using real time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR),The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database,and 22 independent m icroarray databases(curated CRC).In vitro studies on several CRC cell lines(H C T 116,RKO and C C L228)with modulated HSP47 expression were conducted to assess cell viability and apoptosis(TU N EL assay and caspase-3/-7)during exposure to *** signaling and co-imm unoprecipitation studies were performed to examine HSP47 and PHLPP1 *** vivo studies using tumor xenografts were conducted to assess the effects of HSP47 modulation on tum or growth and therapy ***:HSP47 was upregulated in CRC and was associated with poor prognosis in individuals with *** vitro,HSP47 overexpression supported the survival of CRC cells,whereas its knockdown sensitized cells to 5-fluorouracil(5-FU).HSP47 promoted survival by inhibiting apoptosis,enhancing AKT phosphorylation,and decreasing expression of the AKT-specific phosphatase PHLPP1 when cells were exposed to *** effects were partly results of the interaction between HSP47 and PHLPP1,which decreased PHLPP1 stability and led to more persistent AKT *** vivoy HSP47 supported tumor growth despite 5-FU ***:HSP47 supports the growth of CRC tumors and suppresses the efficacy of chemotherapy via modulation of AKT signaling.

关键词： HSP47 AKT PHLPP1 colorectal cancer resistance

Prediction of salinity intrusion in the sheltered estuary of Terengganu River in Malaysia using 1-D empirical intrusion model

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2017年第5期36卷 57-66页

作者： LEE Hin Lee TANGANG Fredolin GISEN Jacqueline isabella SURATMAN Saim Research Centre for Tropical Climate Change Faculty of Science and TechnologyThe National University of MalaysiaUKM Bangi 43600Malaysia Research Centre for Water Quality and Environment National Hydraulic Research Institute of MalaysiaMinistry of Natural Resources and EnvironmentSeri Kembangan 43300Malaysia Centre for Earth Resources Research and Management Faculty of Civil Engineering and Earth ResourcesThe Universiti Malaysia PahangPahang 26600Malaysia

Generally one dimensional （l-D） empirical salinity intrusion model is limited to natural alluvial estuary. However, this study attempts to investigate its ability to model a sheltered alluvial estuary of the Terengganu River in Malaysia. The constructed breakwater at the mouth of the river shelters the estuary from direct influence of the open sea. The salinity density along the estuary was collected during the wet and dry seasons for scenarios before and after the constructed breakwater. Moreover, the freshwater discharges, tidal elevations and bathymetry data were also measured as model inputs. A good fit was demonstrated between simulated and observed variables, namely salinity distribution and intrusion length for both scenarios. Thus, the results show that 1-D empirical salinity model can be utilized for sheltered estuarine condition at the Terengganu Estuary, but with an appropriate determination of an initial point. Furthermore, it was observed that the salinity intrusion in the study area is largely dependent on the freshwater discharge rather than tidal elevation fluctuations. The scale of the salinity intrusion length in the study area is proportional to the river discharge of the -1/2 power. It was appeared that the two lines of the 1-D empirical salinity model and discharge power based equation fitted well to each other, with the average predicted minimum freshwater discharge of 150 m^3/s is going to be required to maintain acceptable salinity levels during high water slack （HWS） near the water intake station, which is located at 10.63 km from river mouth.

关键词： salinity intrusion sheltered estuary freshwater discharge geometric characteristic empirical model

阿片样物质介导多潘立酮和西沙必利对小鼠的镇痛作用(英文)

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2002年第1期23卷 25-28页

作者： isabella TOPNO,Mohammed ASAD,Deepak Gopal SHEWADE,Chanolean SHASHINDRAN,Subramanyan RAMASWAMY Department of Pharmacology Jawaharlal Institute of Post-graduate Medical Education and Research Pondicherry-605006 India Department of Pharmacology Jawaharlal Institute of Post-graduate Medical Education and Research Pondicherry-605006 India Department of Pharmacology Jawaharlal Institute of Post-graduate Medical Education and Research Pondicherry-605006 India Department of Pharmacology Jawaharlal Institute of Post-graduate Medical Education and Research Pondicherry-605006 India Department of Pharmacology Jawaharlal Institute of Post-graduate Medical Education and Research Pondicherry-605006 India

To study the anti-nociceptive effect of domper-idone and cisapride in mice. METHODS: Initially, the effect of these drugs on motor activity was tested using rotarod. The anti-nociception was tested using chemical and mechanical assay. In the chemical assay, the number of abdominal constrictions either in the saline treated animals or in the domperidone/cisapride (1, 5, or 10 mg/kg either po or ip) treated mice, were recorded for a period of 30 min after acetic acid challenge (10 mLAg, of 0.6 % acetic acid ip). In the tail clip assay, the time taken by the mouse to make attempts to dislodge the bulldog clamp placed at the tail (reaction time) was recorded with a cut off time of 30 s. The role of opioid pathways was examined by pretreating the animals with naloxone (1 mg/kg, ip) 30 min prior to domperidone and cisapride. RESULTS: Domperidone and cisapride, both reduced the number of abdominal constrictions when given orally or intraperitoneally. Domperidone (5 mg/kg) inhibited it to the extent of 57.0 % a

关键词：多潘立酮西沙必利镇痛药醋酸类纳洛酮

Cowpea Production Challenges and Contribution to Livelihood in Sub-Saharan Region

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Agricultural Sciences 2022年第1期13卷 25-32页

作者： Lydia N. Horn Selma N. Nghituwamata Ueitele isabella Zero Emissions Research Initiative Multi-Disciplinary Research University of Namibia Windhoek Namibia Department of Agricultural Production Makerere University Kampala Uganda

Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] is an important grain legume mainly grown in tropical and subtropical regions for vegetables, grains, and fodder. The crop is grown predominantly in the dry savannahs to the Sahel in the fringes of the Sahara Desert where the annual rainfall is around 300 mm or less. Cowpea provides shelter as a cover crop and improves soil fertility by fixing atmospheric nitrogen. Its grain is preferred for high levels of protein, energy, micro-and macronutrients. Cowpea belongs to the family Fabaceae and sub-family Faboidea, and it is a self-pollinating crop with low and narrow genetic diversity, making it susceptible to various environmental factors. Various research projects have been established on cowpea, and as a result, various cowpea germplasm is stored at Africa International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA)—Nigeria, the USDA repository in Griffin, GA (USA), the University of California, Riverside, CA (USA), and at the National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources (NBPGR) in New Delhi, India. Despite the available germplasms, cowpea productivity remains very low in many countries due to a wide array of abiotic and biotic stresses and socio-economic constraints. This review summarizes some aspects of cowpea, including origin and history, challenges, economic importance, and constraints to production, providing possible useful information for cowpea researchers, agronomists, and producers in SSA.

关键词： Breeding Genetic Variation Cowpea Productivity Constraints