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The role of LRRK2 on PKA-NFκB pathway in microglia cells: implications for Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第10期14卷 1713-1714页

作者： isabella Russo Biology and Genetic Unit Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine University of Brescia

Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2), a gene linked to autosomal- dominantly inherited and sporadic Parkinson’s disease (PD) as a risk factor, encodes a large and complex protein with a dual enzymatic activity. LRRK2 contains several domains involved in protein-protein interactions, however, the presence of both a kinase and GTPase domain points to intracellular signaling functions (Marin, 2006). While LRRK2 has been linked to several molecular pathways important for neuronal activity (Martin et al., 2014), the observation that its expression is high in microglia has attracted the attention of different groups to understand whether LRRK2 dysfunctions in these cells may impact neuronal activity as secondary event.

关键词： cells NFκB Parkinson protein GTPase impact gene has

Bone remodeling:an operational process ensuring survival and bone mechanical competence

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Bone Research 2022年第3期10卷 421-439页

作者： Simona Bolamperti isabella Villa Alessandro Rubinacci Osteoporosis and Bone and Mineral Metabolism Unit IRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 6020132 MilanoItaly

Bone remodeling replaces old and damaged bone with new bone through a sequence of cellular events occurring on the same surface without any change in bone shape. It was initially thought that the basic multicellular unit(BMU) responsible for bone remodeling consists of osteoclasts and osteoblasts functioning through a hierarchical sequence of events organized into distinct stages. However, recent discoveries have indicated that all bone cells participate in BMU formation by interacting both simultaneously and at different differentiation stages with their progenitors, other cells, and bone matrix constituents. Therefore,bone remodeling is currently considered a physiological outcome of continuous cellular operational processes optimized to confer a survival advantage. Bone remodeling defines the primary activities that BMUs need to perform to renew successfully bone structural units. Hence, this review summarizes the current understanding of bone remodeling and future research directions with the aim of providing a clinically relevant biological background with which to identify targets for therapeutic strategies in osteoporosis.

关键词： remodeling replace initially

Endovascular treatment of recurrent erectile dysfunction due to venous occlusive disease

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2017年第4期19卷 509-510页

作者： Alberto Rebonato Daniele Maiettini Claudio ceccherini Alessandro Nuti Franco Sanguinetti Radiology Unit Department of Surgical and Biomedical Science Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital Perugia University 06132 Perugia Italy Radiology Department ASL 1 Massa-Carrara 54033 Carrara Italy

Dear Editor, We have read with great interest the excellent review by Kim et al. which reports the tools available in interventional radiology （IR） to face the frustrating problem of impotence. The social and psychological implication of this pathology drove the effort of scientific medicine searching for a solution for centuries.

关键词： Endovascular dysfunction disease

Adaptive response of resistant cancer cells to chemotherapy

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2020年第4期17卷 842-863页

作者： Yi-Jye Chern isabella T.Tai Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish Columbia V5Z1L3Canada Michael Smith Genome Sciences Center British Columbia Cancer AgencyVancouverBritish Columbia V5Z1L3Canada

Despite advances in cancer therapeutics and the integration of personalized medicine,the development of chemoresistance in many patients remains a significant contributing factor to cancer *** treatment with chemotherapeutics,the disruption of homeostasis in cancer cells triggers the adaptive response which has emerged as a key resistance *** this review,we summarize the mechanistic studies investigating the three major components of the adaptive response,autophagy,endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress signaling,and senescence,in response to cancer *** will discuss the development of potential cancer therapeutic strategies in the context of these adaptive resistance mechanisms,with the goal of stimulating research that may facilitate the development of effective cancer therapy.

关键词： Cancer adaptive response chemoresistance chemotherapy autophagy ER stress signaling senescence

No evidence of contagious yawning in the red-footed tortoise Geochelone carbonaria

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Current Zoology 2011年第4期57卷 477-484页

作者： Anna WILKINSON Natalie SEBANZ isabella MANDL Ludwig HUBER Department of Cognitive Biology University of Vienna Althanstrasse 14 Vienna 1090 Austria Department of Biological Sciences University of Lincoln Lincoln LN2 2LG UK Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behavior Centre for Cognition Radboud University Nijmegen P.O. Box 9104 6500 HE Nijmegen The Netherlands

Three hypotheses have attempted to explain the phenomenon of contagious yawning. It has been hypothesized that it is a fixed action pattern for which the releasing stimulus is the observation of another yawn, that it is the result of non-conscious mimicry emerging through close links between perception and action or that it is the result of empathy, involving the ability to engage in mental state attribution. This set of experiments sought to distinguish between these hypotheses by examining contagious yawning in a species that is unlikely to show nonconscious mimicry and empathy but does respond to social stimuli： the red-footed tortoise Geochelone carbonaria. A demonstrator tortoise was conditioned to yawn when presented with a red square-shaped stimulus. Observer tortoises were exposed to three conditions： observation of conditioned yawn, non demonstration control, and stimulus only control. We measured the number of yawns for each observer animal in each condition. There was no difference between conditions. Experiment 2 therefore increased the number of conditioned yawns presented. Again, there was no significant difference between conditions. It seemed plausible that the tortoises did not view the conditioned yawn as a real yawn and therefore a final experiment was run using video recorded stimuli. The observer tortoises were presented with three conditions： real yawn, conditioned yawns and empty background. Again there was no significant difference between conditions. We therefore conclude that the red-footed tortoise does not yawn in response to observing a conspecific yawn. This suggests that contagious yawning is not the result of a fixed action pattern but may involve more complex social processes [Current Zoology 57 （4）： 477-484, 2011].

关键词： Reptile Contagious yawn Empathy Nonconscious mimicry Fixed action pattern

Beyond microbial diversity for predicting soil functions: A mini review

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Pedosphere 2020年第1期30卷 5-17页

作者： Paolo NANNIPIERI Judith ASCHER-JENULL Maria Teresa ceccherini Giacomo PIETRAMELLARA Giancarlo RENELLA Michael SCHLOTER Department of Agriculture FoodEnvironment and ForestryUniversity of FirenzeP.le delle Cascine 28Firenze 50144(Italy) Department of Microbiology University of InnsbruckTechnikerstrasse 25 dInnsbruck 6020(Austria) Research Unit for Comparative Microbiome Analysis Helmholtz Zentrum MünchenIngolstadter Landstrasse 1Neuherberg 85764(Germany)

Since the advent of sequencing technologies,the determination of microbial diversity to predict microbial functions,which are the major determinants of soil functions,has become a major topic of interest,as evidenced by the 900 publications dealing with soil metagenome published up to ***,the detection of a gene in soil does not mean that the relative function is expressed,and the presence of a particular taxon does not mean that the relative functions determined in pure culture also occur in the studied *** critical step is to link microbial community composition or function to the product analyzed to determine flux ***,flux rates might not only be highly dynamic,but several metabolites can depend on different reactions,which makes the link to one process of interest difficult or even *** review also discusses biases caused by sampling,storage of samples,DNA extraction and purification,sequencing(*** sequencing),and bioinformatic data *** and the limits of predicting microbial interactions by network inference methods are critically discussed,and finally,future directions for a better understanding of soil functions by using measurements of microbial diversity are presented.

关键词： cultivation-based approach DNA-based approach flux rate network inference method omics technology rare biosphere soil metagenome

Role of myelin sheath energy metabolism in neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第10期10卷 1570-1571页

作者： Silvia Ravera isabella Panfoli Pharmacy Department Biochemistry Laboratory University of Genova

More than any other organs,brain energy demand is entirely dependent on glucose catabolism through the oxidative phosphorylation（OXPHOS）.Glucose is the major cerebral energy substrate in the nervous system（NS）.Ket... 详细信息

关键词： Role of myelin sheath energy metabolism in neurodegenerative diseases RGC

Advancing and demonstrating the Impact Indices method to screen the sensitivity of building energy use to occupant behaviour

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Building Simulation 2023年第7期16卷 1257-1272页

作者： Juan Mahecha Zambrano isabella Gaetani Ulrich Filippi Oberegger Graziano Salvalai Zurich University of Applied Sciences Centre for Building Technologies and Processes8400 WinterthurSwitzerland Politecnico di Milano Department of ArchitectureBuilt Environment and Construction Engineering20133 MilanItaly Arup Smart BuildingsLondonW1T 4BQUK European Academy of Bolzano/Bozen Institute for Renewable Energy39100 Bolzano/BozenItaly

A critical gap between the occupant behaviour research field and the building engineering practice limits the integration of occupant-centric strategies into simulation-aided building design and *** this gap would contribute to the implementation of strategies that improve the occupants’well-being while reducing the buildings’environmental *** this view,it is urgent to develop guidelines,standardised methods,and supporting tools that facilitate the integration of advanced occupant behaviour models into the simulation *** important step that needs to be fully integrated into the simulation workflow is the identification of influential and non-influential occupant behaviour aspects for a given simulation ***,this article advances and demonstrates the application of the Impact Indices method,a fast and efficient method for screening the potential impact of occupant behaviour on the heating and cooling ***,the method now allows the calculation of Impact Indices quantifying the sensitivity of building energy use to occupancy,lighting use,plug-load appliances use,and blind operation at any spatial and temporal ***,users can apply it in more detailed heating and cooling scenarios without losing ***,they can identify which components in building design and operation require more sophisticated occupant behaviour *** office building is used as a real case study to illustrate the application of the method and asses its performance against a one-factor-at-a-time sensitivity *** Impact Indices method indicates that occupancy,lighting use and plug-load appliances have the greatest impact on the annual cooling demand of the studied office building;blind operation is influential only in the west and south façades of the ***,potential applications of the method in building design and operation practice are discussed.

关键词： occupant behaviour building simulation occupant-centric building design building performance

Exosomes:Key tools for cancer liquid biopsy

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BIOCELL 2022年第10期46卷 2167-2176页

作者： isabella PANFOLI MAURIZIO BRUSCHI GIOVANNI CANDIANO Dipartimento di Farmacia-DIFAR Universitàdi GenovaGenoa16132Italy Laboratory of Molecular Nephrology IRCCS Istituto Giannina GasliniGenoa16147Italy

Precision medicine is based on the identification of biomarkers of tumor development and *** biopsy is at the forefront of the ability to gather diagnostic and prognostic information on tumors,as it can be noninvasively performed prior or during *** biopsy mostly utilizes circulating tumor cells,or free DNA,but also *** latter are nanovesicles secreted by most cell types,found in any body fluid that deliver proteins,nucleic acids and lipids to nearby and distant cells with a unique homing *** function in signalling between the tumor microenvironment and the rest of the body,promoting metastasis,immune remodelling and drug *** are emerging as a key tool in precision medicine for cancer liquid biopsy,as they efficiently preserve their biomarker ***,exosomes strongly resemble the parental cell,which can help in assessing the oxidative and metabolic state of the donor *** this respect,exosomes represent one of the most promising new tools to fight *** review will discuss the clinical applications of profiling exosomal proteins and lipids by high-throughput proteomics and metabolomics,and nucleic acids by next generation sequencing,as well as how this may allow cancer diagnosis,therapy response monitoring and recurrence detection.

关键词： Cancer Exosome Liquid biopsy Precision medicine