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Species richness and density evaluation for plants with aggregated distributions:fixed *** area methods

Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第5期10卷 765-770页

作者： Rita de Cássia Quitete Portela Alexandra dos Santos Pires Maria isabel Guedes Braz Eduardo Arcoverde de Mattos Departamento de Ecologia Instituto de BiologiaUniversidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroCaixa Postal 68020Ilha do FundãoRio de JaneiroRJ 21941-590Brasil Departamento de Ciências Ambientais Instituto de FlorestasUniversidade Federal Rural do Rio de JaneiroRod.BR 465Km 07Cidade UniversitáriaSeropédicaRio de JaneiroRJ 23890-000Brasil

Aims Knowledge of species richness is of prime importance to both basic and applied aspects of ecological ***,quantifying plant species richness in the tropics is potentially time-consuming because of high species *** species richness estimates are also frequently biased,because many rare species are not *** address these problems,the use of a variable area method has been proposed as an alternative to fixed area methods,but its appli-cability to plants with aggregated distributions has been questioned based on simulation *** use empirical data to compare the efficiency and accuracy of a variable area method and a fixed area method for estimating species richness,density and basal area for plants with aggregated distributions,using palms as a model *** Adult palms were sampled in twenty 10×30 m transects in an Atlantic Forest in Rio de Janeiro state,*** individuals were considered in the fixed area method,while in the variable area method only the first six adults in each transect were sampled;in this case,transect length was defined according to the distance of the sixth adult from the beginning of the *** fewer than six individuals were observed in a given transect,transect length was extended up to 50 m to search for additional *** efficiency of both methods was compared based on species rarefaction curves,using the chao 1 statistic(for abundance data).For each species we calculated mean density per transect and basal area,according to each sampling *** effort in terms of the number of individual plants and the area necessary to characterize maximum species richness in each sampling method,as well as mean time taken to sample a single transect,were compared as measures of *** findings An accurate estimate of species richness was achieved using both methods,but in the variable area method,a quarter of the number of individuals and half the area was sufficient

关键词： basal area biodiversity inventory palms taxon sampling

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Effect of Thermal Processing, Press Throughput and Roller-Die Gap on Physicochemical Properties of Broiler Feed Pellets

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2016年第2期6卷 98-107页

作者： Keysuke Muramatsu isabel Cristina Mores Vaccari Cibele Silva Minafra Rafael Femando Sens FabianoDahlke Alex Maiorka DSM Nutritional Products Av. Eng. Billings 1729 Sao Paulo 05321-010 Brazil Instituto Federal Goiano Rio Verde Goias 75901-970 Brazil BRF-rodovia BR 277 3001 Mossungue Curitiba 82305-100 Brazil Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC) Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346 Florianopolis 88034-000 Brazil Universidade Federal do Parana Rua dos Funcionarios 1540 Curitiba 80035-050 Brazil

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of thermal processing, press throughput and roller-die gap on pellet physical quality, protein solubility and starch gelatinization in a corn-soybean based broiler diet. The different processing factors were combined in a 2 × 5 × 3 factorial arrangement with eight randomized block consisting of eight production series： two thermal processing treatments （conditioning-pelleting or conditioning-expanding-pelleting）, five press throughput levels （18, 21, 24, 27 and 30 ton/h） and three roller-die gap （0.50, 0.75 and 1.00 mm）, which resulted in 30 different processed feeds. For determination of pellet durability index （PDI）, amount of intact pellets, degree of starch gelatinization and protein solubility, one composed feed sample was collected per treatment in each of eight production series, totaling eight replicates per treatment. Data concerning the amount of intact pellet and protein solubility in KOH were transformed using a variation of Box-Cox transformation in order to fit a normal distribution （P 〉 0.05）. Pellet physical quality was enhanced by conditioning-expanding treatment （P 〈 0.01）, narrower roller-die-gap （P 〈 0.01） and reduced press throughput （P 〈 0.01）. Protein solubility in KOH was impaired （P 〈 0.01） in the expander treatment and larger roller-die distance （0.75 mm and 1.00 mm）（P 〈 0.01）. Finally, greater starch gelatinization degree was achieved in expanded treatment （P 〈 0.01） and in 1.00 mm roller-die gap （P 〈 0.05）. The factors evaluated in this study resulted in interactions and significant effects on physicochemical properties of broiler feed pellets.

关键词： Conditioning expanding press throughput roller-die gap pellet.

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Viticultural Performance of Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon （Vitis vinifera L.） Cultivated in High Altitude Regions of Southern Brazil

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Journal of Life Sciences 2015年第9期9卷 399-410页

作者： Jaqueline Nogueira Muniz Suzeli Simon Alberto Fontanella Brighenti Luciane isabel Malinovski Carolina Pretto Panceri Gabriella Vanderlinde Juliana Welter Debora Dal Zotto Aparecido Lima da Silva Santa Catarina Federal University Plant Genetic Resources Post Graduate Program Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346 ItacorubiFlorian6polis 88034-001 SC Brazil Santa Catarina State Agricultural Research and Rural Extension Agency EPAGRI Rua Josd Arafijo Lima 102 CEP S~oJoaquim 88600-000 SC Brazil Santa Catarina Federal University Food Science Post Graduate Program Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346 CEP FIorian6polis88034-001 SC Brazil Santa Catarina Federal University Agronomy College Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346 Itaeorubi Florian6polis 88034-001 SC Brazil

Different studies show that the altitude regions of the State of Santa Catarina have great potential for the production of grapevine varieties. The aim of this study was to characterize the phenological development, determine the thermal requirements in degree-days （DD）, the index heliothermic （IH） and climatic variables during the vegetative and productive development of varieties Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon grown in Campo Belo do Sul （27°40′04″ S, 50°44′48″ W, altitude 950 m a.s.l.） and Sao Joaquim （28°15′13″ S, 49°57′02″ W, altitude 1,400 m a.s.l.） during 2012/2013 cycle. Phenological stages evaluated were bud break, full bloom, veraison and maturity. Higher temperatures, global radiation, PAR and lower volumes of rainfall were the main climatic parameters that differentiated Campo Belo do Sul from Sao Joaquim. Due to occurrence of higher temperatures, Campo Belo do Sul presented thermal summation around 40% higher than Sao Joaquim. The low temperatures of Sao Joaquim extended the period of grape ripening and were responsible for the highest levels of titratable acidity and the higher concentrations of anthocyanins and total polyphenols in both varieties. The results show that in the altitude ranges studied （900 and 1400 m）, climatic behavior and viticultural performance of Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot were suitable for producing quality wines.

关键词： Climate phenology technological maturation total polyphenols.

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