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Colorful facial markings are associated with foraging rates and affiliative relationships in a wild group-living cichlid fish

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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 70-78页

作者： Brett M.Culbert James B.Barnett isaac y.ligocki Matthew G.Salena Marian y.L.Wong Ian M.Hamilton Sigal Balshine Department of Integrative Biology University of GuelphGuelphOntarioCanada Department of Psychology Neuroscience&BehaviourMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada Department of Evolution Ecologyand Organismal BiologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Department of Biology Millersville UniversityMillersvillePAUSA School of Earth Atmospheric and Life SciencesUniversity of WollongongWollongongNew South WalesAustralia Department of Mathematics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA

Many animals use color to signal their quality and/or behavioral *** signals have been well studied in the contexts of competi-tion and mate choice;however,the role of these signals in nonsexual,affiliative relationships is not as well ***,we used wild social groups of the cichlid fish Neolamprologus pulcher to investigate whether the size of a brightly colored facial patch was related to 1)individual quality,2)social dominance,and/or 3)affiliative *** with larger patches spent more time foraging and tended to perform more aggressive acts against conspecific territory *** did not find any evidence that the size of these yellow patches was related to social rank or body size,but dominant males tended to have larger patches than dominant ***,patch size had a rank-specific relationship with the number of affiliative interactions that individuals engaged *** males with large patches received fewer affiliative acts from their groupmates compared to dominant males with small ***,subordinates with large patches tended to receive more affiliative acts from their groupmates while performing fewer affiliative acts *** together,our results suggest that patch size reflects interindividual variation in foraging effort in this cichlid fish and offer some of the first evidence that colorful signals may shape affiliative relationships withinwildsocialgroups.

关键词： affiliation foraging Lake Tanganyika Neolamprologus pulcher visual signals

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Exponential Continuous Non-Parametric Neural Identifier With Predefined Convergence Velocity

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2022年第6期9卷 1049-1060页

作者： Mariana Ballesteros Rita Q.Fuentes-Aguilar isaac Chairez Instituto Politécnico Nacional Centro de Innovación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Cómputo Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología 07340Mexico CityMexico Tecnológico de Monterrey School of Engineering and SciencesZapopanJalisco 45138Mexico Department of Bioprocesses UPIBIInstituto Politécnico Nacional07340Mexico City

This paper addresses the design of an exponential function-based learning law for artificial neural networks(ANNs)with continuous *** ANN structure is used to obtain a non-parametric model of systems with uncertainties,which are described by a set of nonlinear ordinary differential *** novel adaptive algorithms with predefined exponential convergence rate adjust the weights of the *** first algorithm includes an adaptive gain depending on the identification error which accelerated the convergence of the weights and promotes a faster convergence between the states of the uncertain system and the trajectories of the neural *** second approach uses a time-dependent sigmoidal gain that forces the convergence of the identification error to an invariant set characterized by an *** generalized volume of this ellipsoid depends on the upper bounds of uncertainties,perturbations and modeling *** application of the invariant ellipsoid method yields to obtain an algorithm to reduce the volume of the convergence region for the identification *** adaptive algorithms are derived from the application of a non-standard exponential dependent function and an associated controlled Lyapunov *** examples demonstrate the improvements enforced by the algorithms introduced in this study by comparing the convergence settings concerning classical schemes with non-exponential continuous learning *** proposed identifiers overcome the results of the classical identifier achieving a faster convergence to an invariant set of smaller dimensions.

关键词： Exponential Lyapunov functions learning laws non-parametric identifier predefined convergence rate

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China's transition to a low-carbon economy and climate resilience:The impact of sustainable modernization indicators

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2024年第11期34卷 2145-2165页

作者： BEN AMARA Dhekra ZHU Qiankun QIAO Jiajun SAFRO isaac REGMI Kalpana The College of Geography and Environmental Science Henan UniversityKaifeng475004HenanChina Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower yellow River Regions(Henan University) Ministry of EducationKaifeng475004HenanChina National Demonstration Center for Environment and Planning(Henan University) Kaifeng475004HenanChina

While sustainability is widely recognized as a necessary path for development and climate change mitigation,there is no consensus on this concept’s goals and future *** of a green economy believe that economic growth is a prerequisite for long-term progress and the modernization of *** entails gradually transitioning to a more sustainable economy and addressing carbon ***,there is a need for the scientific community to investigate how different forms of modernization affect carbon *** study examines the impact of modernization on carbon emissions in China,the world’s largest developing economy,focusing on five indicators of sustainable modernization:ecological modernization,agricultural modernization,digitalization,industrialization,and *** study analyzes data from 31 Chinese provincial-level regions between 2005 and 2020,using the GeoDetector technique to explore the effects of these indicators on carbon *** spatial analysis reveals a distinct“core-periphery”structure of carbon *** findings demonstrate that ecological modernization and digitalization contribute to reducing *** the other hand,industrialization and urbanization have a positive influence on carbon ***,agricultural modernization initially increases carbon emissions in the short term but has a diminishing effect in the long term.

关键词： sustainable modernization indicators carbon emissions climate change geographic indicators technique

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Assessment of metabolic flexibility by measuring maximal fat oxidation during submaximal intensity exercise:Can we improve the analytical procedures?

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2023年第2期5卷 156-158页

作者： isaac A.Chávez-Guevara Department of Chemical Sciences Biomedical Sciences InstituteAutonomous University of Ciudad JuarezChihuahuaMexico

Assessment of maximal fat oxidation rate(MFO)during a submaximal exercise test has been employed by many studies to investigate the differences in metabolic flexibility(MetFlex)across several ***,many incorrect assumptions and methodological limitations exist in the procedures employed by previous studies,which might lead to misinterpretation of the reported *** the data retrieved from 19 trained men(Age:[27±4]years;%Body fat:[16.4±4.5]%;maximal oxygen consumption:[55.8±5.3]mL·kg^(−1)·min^(−1))who performed a graded exercise test over a motor-driven treadmill,this opinion paper shows that MFO alone does not perfectly capture the MetFlex in response to submaximal intensity exercise and recommend a novel index that considers both fat oxidation and energy expenditure modifications for an accurate examination of MetFlex.

关键词： Energy metabolism Exercise test Indirect calorimetry Methods

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Optimization of Incorporation Conditions of <i>Renealmia battenbergiana</i>Extract in Refined Bleached Deodorized (RBD) Palm Olein

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2012年第8期3卷 1076-1083页

作者： isaac Williams Ofosu Samuel y. Oppong Ibok Oduro Department of Food Science and Technology College of Science Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi-Ghana Department of Food Science and Technology College of Science Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi-Ghana.

Incorporation of R. battenbergiana extract in refined bleached deodorized (RBD) palm olein was optimized using a full factorial design. The treatment included three factors (i.e. extracting temperature, time and extract-oil concentration) varied at three levels each (i.e. 25℃ - 65℃, 0.5 - 1.5 h and 1% - 5%). The responses used to optimize the design runs were antioxidant properties as well as the red and blue color content of the residual oils. The results from the preliminary RBD palm olein analyses showed that the product was fresh in terms of the quality indices % FFA, peroxide value, iodine value and color. There was a significant difference (p < 0.05) in terms of the extract-RBD palm olein concentrations used as well as the treatment temperatures however, there was no significant difference (p < 0.05) in treatment times. The optimum treatment condition was found to be at extract-RBD palm olein concentration of 1%, temperature of 25℃ and reaction time of 0.5 h.

关键词： Palm Olein Optimization Aromatic Extract

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Self-Genital Mutilation and Attempted Suicide by Cut Throat in the Same Patient at Presentation: A Rare Event

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2015年第4期5卷 330-333页

作者： Senyo Gudugbe isaac Asiedu Jonathan Lamptey Mathew y. Kyei Kenneth Baidoo Department of Surgery Korle Bu Teaching Hospital Accra Ghana Urology Unit Department of Surgery School of Medicine and Dentistry College of Health Sciences University of Ghana Accra Ghana Otolaryngology Unit Department of Surgery School of Medicine and Dentistry College of Health Sciences University of Ghana Accra Ghana

Genital self-mutilation is an uncommon event that is commonly associated with psychotic disorders. Such injuries have also been reported secondary to complex religious beliefs and delusions regarding sexual guilt. Even though few case reports of male genital self-mutilation are available in literature, it is?rareto have a combined self-genital mutilation and attempted suicide by cut throat occurring in the same patient at presentation. We presented the case of a 38-yr-old male who presented to the accident and emergency centre of a tertiary hospital in Accra, Ghana.

关键词： Self Genital Mutilation Attempted Suicide Cut Throat

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Metabolic syndrome: a risk factor for high intraocular pressure in the Israeli population

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2015年第2期8卷 403-406页

作者： Tamara Wygnanski-Jaffe Itzhak Bieran Dorit Tekes-Manova yair Morad isaac Ashkenazi Eedy Mezer Goldshlager Eye Institute Sackler School of Medicine Tel Aviv University Sheba Medical Center Department of Alberto Moscona Ophthalmology Rambam Health Care Campus Faculty of Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Medicine Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Medical Corps Headquarters Israel Defense Forces

AIM: To evaluate the association among elevated intraocular pressure(IOP), the metabolic syndrome(Met S), body mass index(BMI), and some of their components in the Israeli ***: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of12 747 soldiers of the Israeli Defense Forces, aged 35 y or older, who underwent a routine periodical medical examination between 1991 and 2004. None of the subjects received medical treatment for either glaucoma or ocular hypertension. High IOP(>21 mm Hg) was correlated with age, sex, arterial blood pressure, total blood cholesterol levels, triglyceride levels, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, smoking, BMI and Met ***: A statistically significant difference was found between the IOP of subjects with a low risk and higher risk for the development of Met S(P y significant positive correlation was found in male subjects between high BMI and elevated IOP(r =0.11677, P y more prevalent in subjects with increased IOP levels. We suggest that both should be taken into consideration in the assessment of glaucoma suspects.

关键词： glaucoma body mass index Metabollic syndrome

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A Regional Climate Study of Heat Waves over the Iberian Peninsula

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2014年第5期4卷 841-853页

作者： Hari Prasad Dasari isaac Pozo Francisco Ferri-yánez Miguel B. Araújo Centro de Geofisica de Evora University of EvoraEvoraPortugal Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales CSICMadridSpain Centro de Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos(InBIO-CIBIO) University of EvoraEvoraPortugal Imperial College London Silwood Park CampusBerkshireUK

We present a regional climate simulation for the Iberian Peninsula for a 60-year period (1950-2009) using the WRF-ARW model with a focus on the simulation of summer maximum temperatures and associated extreme heat waves. The WRF model was designed at a 5 km horizontal resolution on a 5-month (May-September) seasonal scale, for every year, during the study period with initial/boundary conditions derived from NCEP 2.5 degree reanalysis. The comparison of simulated mean summer seasonal maximums and mean maximums of June, July, and August months with the corresponding E-OBS data sets indicates that the model is able to characterize the spatial variation of magnitudes of temperature change over the Iberian Peninsula. The mean extreme heat wave conditions during the climate period 1950-2009 are well simulated and match the observations well. The regional scale simulations clearly show the propagation of intense heat waves from the south west to north east of Iberia. The WRF-ARW model also simulated well the general trend of increase in heat waves over most parts of the Iberian Peninsula during the study period 1950-2009. The characteristics of the most severe heat waves years 2003 and 2006 are also well simulated by the model.

关键词： Downscaling Heat Waves Iberian Peninsula Regional Climate Modelling

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Hidden diversity of marine borderline lichens and a new order of fungi:Collemopsidiales(Dothideomyceta)

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Fungal Diversity 2016年第5期80卷 285-300页

作者： Sergio Pérez-Ortega isaac Garrido-Benavent Martin Grube Rocío Olmo Asunción de los Ríos Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales(CSIC) Serrano 115 dpdoE-28006 MadridSpain Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid(CSIC) Plaza Murillo 2E-28014 MadridSpain Institute of Plant Sciences University of GrazHolteigasse 6A-8010 GrazAustria Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica Universidad de Castilla-La ManchaAvenida de Carlos III s/n45071 ToledoSpain

The fungal genus Collemopsidium comprises species that develop so-called borderline lichen symbioses with algae or *** with morphologically similar pyrenocarpous fungi it has been assigned to the family *** adscription of this family to higher taxonomic ranks remain *** sequence data of five nuclear genomic regions(nuLSU,nuSSU,tef1-α,rpb1 and rpb2)and onemitochondrial locus(mtSSU)we found that the studied representatives of this family are placed in the Dothideomyceta,yet relationships with the classes Dothideomycetes and Arthoniomycetes remain *** describe the new order Collemopsidiales to accommodate the genus Collemopsidium(paraphyletic as currently understood)and the lichenicolous genus *** five fungal fossils as calibrations points,we infer an age of c.230 Mya for the crown of *** on two molecular markers,we also provide insight into the global diversity of marine species of the genus *** to the species delimitation algorithm GMyC,c.26 putative species exist,far more than the six species recognized *** have confirmed this result by comparing the two alternative species models by means of Bayes factors,using path sampling and stepping-stone sampling algorithms to estimate the marginal likelihood of each ***,our observations suggest rock-boring ability evolved in parallel in the different lineages within this group of fungi.

关键词： Borderline lichens Dothideomycetes Endolithics.Lichen-forming fungi Lichenicolous fungi Boring ability Marine fungi Model comparison

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Metabolic enzymes in seasonally acclimatized and cold acclimated rufous-collared sparrow inhabiting a Chilean Mediterranean environment

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Current Zoology 2014年第3期60卷 338-350页

作者： isaac PENA-VILLALOBOS Monica NUNEZ-VILLEGAS Francisco BOZINOVIC Pablo SABAT Departamento de Ciencias Ecologicas Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Chile Casilla 653 Santiago Chile Departamento de Ecologia and Center of Applied Ecology & Sustainability (CAPES) Facultad de Ciencias Biol6gicas Pontificia Universidad Cat61ica de Chile Santiago 6513677 Chile

Due to the higher energy requirements of birds during winter, it is predicted that the activities of metabolic enzymes （e.g., citrate synthase, CS and cytochrome C oxidase, COX） should increase in tandem with increases in rates of energy expendi ture （e.g., basal metabolic rate, BMR）. However, there is mixed support for the hypothesis of enzymatic acclimatization. Fur thermore, there is little information about the effect of ambient temperature on energetics and tissue enzyme activity levels in passerines inhabiting seasonal Mediterranean environments. In this study we evaluated the interplay between BMR and enzyme activities of freshly caught individuals of the passerine Zonotrichia capensis in winter and summer in a Mediterranean environment from central Chile, and also in warm （30℃） and cold （15℃） labacclimated birds. The results revealed a lack of seasonal variation in BMR, thermal conductance and in the activity of CS and COX. However, we found higher BMR and lower thermal conductance in coldacclimated than in warmacclimated birds. Also, total CS activity was higher in the flight muscles of coldacclimated than in warmacclimated birds. We found also a significant correlation between BMR and total CS activity in pectoral muscle. Although some authors have suggested that BMR mainly depends on the metabolic intensity and mass of internal organs, our results revealed that skeletal muscles such as the flight muscles may also affect BMR. Finally, differences in the accli mation and acclimatization responses in Rufouscollared sparrows suggest that largescale oscillations in the physical environment might maintain the capacity for flexibility in thermogenic traits through generations .

关键词： Basal metabolic rate Citrate synthase Cytochrome C oxidase Phenotypic flexibility Thermal acclimation,Zonotrichia capensis

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