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Anthropogenic land use substantially increases riverine CO_(2) emissions

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第8期34卷 158-170页

作者： Shijie Gu Siyue Li isaac r.santos School of river and Ocean Engineering Chongqing Jiaotong UniversityChongqing 400074China Key Laboratory of reservoir Aquatic Environment Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesChongqing 400714China Chongqing School University of Chinese Academy of SciencesChongqing 400714China research Center for Environmental Ecology and Engineering Institute of Changjiang Water Environment and Ecological SecuritySchool of Environmental Ecology and Biological EngineeringKey Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of EducationKey Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology of Hubei ProvinceEngineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of EducationWuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China Department of Marine Sciences University of GothenburgGothenburg 41296Sweden National Marine Science Centre Southern Cross UniversityCoffs HarbourNSW 2450Australia

Carbon dioxide(CO_(2)) emissions from inland waters to the atmosphere are a pivotal component of the global carbon budget. Anthropogenic land use can influence riverine CO_(2) emissions, but empirical data exploring cause-effect relationships remain limited. Here, we investigated CO_(2) partial pressures(pCO_(2)) and degassing in a monsoonal river(Yue river)within the Han river draining to the Yangtze in China. Almost 90% of river samples were supersaturated in CO_(2) with a mean ± standard deviation of 1474 ± 1614 μatm, leading to emissions of 557-971 mmol/m^(2)/day from river water to the atmosphere. Annual CO_(2) emissions were 1.6-2.8 times greater than the longitudinal exports of riverine dissolved inorganic and organic carbon. pCO_(2) was positively correlated to anthropogenic land use(urban and farmland), and negatively correlated to forest cover. p CO_(2) also had significant and positive relationships with total dissolved nitrogen and total dissolved phosphorus. Stepwise multiple regression models were developed to predict p CO_(2) . Farmland and urban land released nutrients and organic matter to the river system, driving riverine p CO_(2) enrichment due to enhanced respiration in these heterotrophic rivers. Overall, we show the crucial role of land use driving riverine pCO_(2) , which should be considered in future large-scale estimates of CO_(2) emissions from streams. Land use change can thus modify the carbon balance of urban-river systems by enhancing river emissions, and reforestation helps carbon neutral in rivers.

关键词： river carbon Inland waters Greenhouse gases Climate change Water quality Headwater streams

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Coastal blue carbon in China as a nature-based solution toward carbon neutrality

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The Innovation 2023年第5期4卷 109-123页

作者： Faming Wang Jihua Liu Guoming Qin Jingfan Zhang Jinge Zhou Jingtao Wu Lulu Zhang Poonam Thapa Christian J.Sanders isaac r.santos Xiuzhen Li Guanghui Lin Qihao Weng Jianwu Tang Nianzhi Jiao Hai ren Xiaoliang research Station of Tropical Coastal Ecosystems Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystemsand the CAS Engineering Laboratory for Ecological Restoration of lsland and Coastal EcosystemsSouth China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 510650China Marine research Institute Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China National Marine Science Centre Faculty of Science and EngineeringSouther Cross UniversityCoffs HarbourNSW 2450Australia Department of Marine Sciences University of Gothenburg41319 GothenburgSweden State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal research and Instiute of Eco-Chongming East China Normal UniversityShanghai 201100China Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling Ministry of EducationDepartment of Earth System ScienceTsinghua UniversityBejing 100084China Laboratory of Stable Isotope and Gulf Ecology Institute of Ocean EngineeringTsinghua's Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolShenzhen 518055China Department of Land Surveying and Geo-nformatics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversiyHongkong 99077China Innovative research Center for Carbon Neutralization Global ONCE ProgramXiamen 361005China

To achieve the Paris Agreement,China pledged to become“Carbon Neutral”by the 2060s.In addition to massive decarbonization,this would require significant changes in ecosystems toward negative CO_(2)emissions.The ability of coastal blue carbon ecosystems(BCEs),including mangrove,salt marsh,and seagrass meadows,to sequester large amounts of CO_(2)makes their conservation and restoration an important“nature-based solution(NbS)”for climate adaptation and mitigation.In this review,we examine how BCEs in China can contribute to climate mitigation.On the national scale,the BCEs in China store up to 118 Tg C across a total area of 1,440,377 ha,including over 75%as unvegetated tidal flats.The annual sedimental C burial of these BCEs reaches up to 2.06 Tg C year^(−1),of which most occurs in salt marshes and tidal flats.The lateral C flux of mangroves and salt marshes contributes to 1.17 Tg C year^(−1)along the Chinese coastline.Conservation and restoration of BCEs benefit climate change mitigation and provide other ecological services with a value of$32,000 ha^(−1)year^(−1).The potential practices and technologies that can be implemented in China to improve BCE C sequestration,including their constraints and feasibility,are also outlined.Future directions are suggested to improve blue carbon estimates on aerial extent,carbon stocks,sequestration,and mitigation potential.restoring and preserving BCEs would be a cost-effective step to achieve Carbon Neutral by 2060 in China despite various barriers that should be removed.

关键词： tidal coastal carbon

Global blue carbon accumulation in tidal wetlands increases with climate change

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National Science review 2021年第9期8卷 145-155页

作者： Faming Wang Christian J.Sanders isaac r.santos Jianwu Tang Mark Schuerch Matthew L.Kirwan robert E.Kopp Kai Zhu Xiuzhen Li Jiacan Yuan Wenzhi Liu Zhian Li Department of Environmental Studies University of California Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Fudan University CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology Wuhan Botanical GardenChinese Academy of Sciences Xiaoliang research Station for Tropical Coastal Ecosystems Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems and the CAS Engineering Laboratory for Ecological Restoration of Island and Coastal Ecosystems South China Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Center of Plant Ecology Core Botanical Gardens Chinese Academy of Sciences Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou) State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal research and Institute of Eco-Chongming East China Normal University National Marine Science Centre School of Environment Science and Engineering Southern Cross University Department of Marine Sciences University of Gothenburg Lincoln Centre for Water and Planetary Health School of Geography University of Lincoln Virginia Institute of Marine Science College of William and Mary Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and rutgers Institute of Earth Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences Rutgers University

Coastal tidal wetlands produce and accumulate significant amounts of organic carbon(C) that help to mitigate climate change. However, previous data limitations have prevented a robust evaluation of the global rates and mechanisms driving C accumulation. Here, we go beyond recent soil C stock estimates to reveal global tidal wetland C accumulation and predict changes under relative sea level rise, temperature and precipitation. We use data from literature study sites and our new observations spanning wide latitudinal gradients and 20 countries. Globally, tidal wetlands accumulate 53.65(95%CI: 48.52–59.01)Tg C yr-1, which is ～30% of the organic C buried on the ocean floor. Modeling based on current climatic drivers and under projected emissions scenarios revealed a net increase in the global C accumulation by2100. This rapid increase is driven by sea level rise in tidal marshes, and higher temperature and precipitation in mangroves. Countries with large areas of coastal wetlands, like Indonesia and Mexico, are more susceptible to tidal wetland C losses under climate change, while regions such as Australia, Brazil, the USA and China will experience a significant C accumulation increase under all projected scenarios.

关键词： coastal wetlands blue C C burial rate global change

Human Centered Design of the Interfaces of a radiation Monitoring System

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Human Centered Design of the Interfaces of a Radiation Monit...

Mechanical Circulatory Support in Patients with Sepsis： A Case Series

第十七届国际工效学大会暨中国人类工效学会成立20周年庆...

作者： isaac J.A.Luquetti dos santos Marcos S.Farias Paulo Victor r.Carvalho Cláudio H.S.Grecco Maurício A.Aghina National Nuclear Energy Commission Nuclear Engineering Institute

Inadequate human-system integration reduces the safety,increases the overall complexity of the system,the time needed to perform tasks,the probability of human errors occurrence and complicates training and maintenance of the system.It is imperative to understand and to incorporate the requirements related to the operators,their needs and ability,the current work practices of the operators,the requirements of workplace environment and the organizational aspects of the job into the life cycle of the system.The aim is to guarantee the involvement of the users in all phases of the system development,to improve the operational reliability,to design reliable and robust system,so that the task demands can be compatible with human capabilities and characteristics.radiation monitoring systems are critical systems that operate twenty-four hours a day,monitoring the radiation condition in work environments inside a nuclear installation.The data signals from radiation detectors installed at work site are transmitted to a central control room where radiation levels and alarm activated are operated and monitored on interfaces.In this paper is proposed a methodological framework,applied to the design of the human-system interfaces,that includes the analysis of the reference systems,the functional requirements analysis,the functions allocation,the task analysis,the job analysis,the analysis of the work context and the analysis of the users requirements.The case study is based on the development of the interfaces of the radiation monitoring supervisory system to be installed in a research nuclear reactor.

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2018年第5期6卷 541-546页

作者： Helmgton Jose Brito de Souza Henrique Louzan Machado Thiago do Amaral Cavalcante Leonardo Jadyr.santos rodrigues Alves Diogo Assis Souza rafael ramos Amaral Felipe Bruno santos da Cunha Marcus Vinicius Nasimento dos santos Glauco Kalil da Silva Pina isaac Azevedo Silva ricardo Borros Corso The Department of Medicine University Center of Brasilia Brasilia 70790-075 Brazil

The Assessment of Medical Students’ Chronotypes

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World Journal of Neuroscience 2017年第3期7卷 275-281页

作者： José reinaldo Maximo Gomes Fátima Karine Ferreira santos isaac Filipe Melo de Freitas Ilma Ferreira de Oliveira Hete Aguida dos santos José Cláudio da Silva Janise Dal Pai Lysien Ivania Zambrano Euclides Mauricio Trindade Filho Milton Vieira Costa Laboratório de Neurociência e comportamento Universidade Estadual de Ciências da Saúde de Alagoas—UNCISAL Maceió Brazil Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE) S&atilde o Paulo Brazil Facultad de Ciencias Medicas Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras Tegucigalpa Honduras

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the circadian typology of medical students at public universities from one of the northeastern states in Brazil, active in the morning and afternoon shifts, checking the compatibility between their study time, productivity, income and chronotype. Methods: To obtain the results, the assessment of the chronotype in 342 medical students of both sexes was considered. Each participant was submitted to the questionnaire developed by Horne and Ostberg, adapted by Cardinali, Colomberk and rey. It’s composed of 9 questions, providing the general ranking of each individual. Based upon scored, the chronotypes were classified. results: The sample was composed of 49.12% (168) male and 50.87% (174) female subjects, a similar gender distribution of enrolled students during data collection time. By applying the questionnaire, the prevalent rating among the medical students as moderately morning (29.82%) and intermediate (43.85%) has been relevant. The academic performance assessment in two morning-intermediate groups (8.16) had no significant distance from others considered afternoon active (8.20). Conclusion: The health sciences student, especially Medicine, faces constant adaptation of scheduling, in the attempt of fulfilling the requirements throughout the course, causing chronogram desynchronization effects and forced readaptation to each different school semester.

关键词： Circadian rhythm Chronobiology Disorders Delivery of Health Care Medicine Sleep Disorders

FAIr Principles:Interpretations and Implementation Considerations

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Data Intelligence 2020年第1期2卷 10-29,293-302,322页

作者： Annika Jacobsen ricardo de Miranda Azevedo Nick Juty Dominique Batista Simon Coles ronald Cornet Melanie Courtot Merce Crosas Michel Dumontier Chris T.Evelo Carole Goble Giancarlo Guizzardi Karsten Kryger Hansen Ali Hasnain Kristina Hettne Jaap Heringa rob W.W.Hooft Melanie Imming Keith G.Jeffery rajaram Kaliyaperumal Martijn GKersloot Christine r.Kirkpatrick Tobias Kuhn Ignasi Labastida Barbara Magagna PeterMcQuilton Natalie Meyers Annalisa Montesanti Mirjam van reisen Philippe rocca-Serra robert Pergl Susanna-Assunta Sansone Luiz Olavo Bonino da Silva santos Juliane Schneider George Strawn Mark Thompson Andra Waagmeester Tobias Weigel Mark D.Wilkinson Egon L.Willighagen Peter Wittenburg Marco roos Barend Mons Erik Schultes Leiden University Medical Center Leiden2333 ZAThe Netherlands Institute of Data Science Maastricht UniversityUniversiteitssingel 60Maastricht 6229 ERThe Netherlands Department of Computer Science The University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester M139PLUK Oxford e-research Centre Department of Engineering SciencesUniversity of OxfordOxford OX13PJUK School of Chemistry Faculty of Engineering and Physical SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSO171BJUK Amsterdam UMC University of AmsterdamAmsterdam 1000 GGThe Netherlands European Bioinformatics Institute(EMBL-EBI) HinxtonCambridgeCB101SDUK Harvard University CambridgeMassachusetts 02138USA Department of Bioinformatics–BiGCaT NUTRIMMaastricht UniversityMaastricht 6229 ERThe Netherlands Conceptual and Cognitive Modeling research Group(COrE) Free University of Bozen-BolzanoBolzano 39100Italy Aalborg University Aalborg DK-9220Denmark Insight Centre for Data Analytics National University of Ireland GalwayH91 TK33Ireland Centre for Digital Scholarship Leiden University LibrariesLeiden2333 ZAThe Netherlands Department of Computer Science Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 11051081 HV AmsterdamThe Netherlands Dutch Techcentre for Life Sciences(DTL) UtrechtThe Netherlands SUrF Utrecht 3511 EPThe Netherlands Keith G Jeffery Consultants FaringdonUK Castor EDC Paasheuvelweg 25Wing 5D1105 BPAmsterdamThe Netherlands San Diego Supercomputer Center University of California San DiegoLa JollaCalifornia 92093USA Learning and research resources Centre(CrAI) Universitat de Barcelona08007 BarcelonaSpain Environment Agency Austria A-1090 ViennaAustria University of Notre Dame 75004 ParisFrance Health research Board(HrB) Dublin 2DO2 H638Ireland Liacs Institute of Advanced Computer Science Leiden University2311 GJ LeidenThe Netherlands Czech Technical University in Prague Faculty of Information Technology(FIT CTU)16000 Prague 6Czech Republic GO FAIr International Support&Coordination Office(GFISCO) LeidenThe Netherlands Harvard Catalys

The FAIr principles have been widely cited,endorsed and adopted by a broad range of stakeholders since their publication in 2016.By intention,the 15 FAIr guiding principles do not dictate specific technological implementations,but provide guidance for improving Findability,Accessibility,Interoperability and reusability of digital resources.This has likely contributed to the broad adoption of the FAIr principles,because individual stakeholder communities can implement their own FAIr solutions.However,it has also resulted in inconsistent interpretations that carry the risk of leading to incompatible implementations.Thus,while the FAIr principles are formulated on a high level and may be interpreted and implemented in different ways,for true interoperability we need to support convergence in implementation choices that are widely accessible and(re)-usable.We introduce the concept of FAIr implementation considerations to assist accelerated global participation and convergence towards accessible,robust,widespread and consistent FAIr implementations.Any self-identified stakeholder community may either choose to reuse solutions from existing implementations,or when they spot a gap,accept the challenge to create the needed solution,which,ideally,can be used again by other communities in the future.Here,we provide interpretations and implementation considerations(choices and challenges)for each FAIr principle.

关键词： FAIr guiding principles FAIr implementation FAIr convergence FAIr communities choices and challenges

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