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Tamoxifen and Src kinase inhibitors as neuroprotective/neuroregenerative drugs after spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第3期10卷 385-390页

作者： iris K.Salgado Aranza I.Torrado Jose M.Santiago Jorge D.Miranda Department of Physiology School of MedicineUniversity of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus University of Puerto Rico Carolina Campus Department of Natural Sciences

Spinal cord injury （SCI） is a devastating condition that produces significant changes in the life- style of patients. Many molecular and cellular events are triggered after the initial physical impact to the cord. Two major phases have been described in the field of SCI： an acute phase and late phase. Most of the therapeutic strategies are focused on the late phase because this provides an opportunity to target cellular events like apoptosis, demyelination, scar formation and axonal outgrowth. In this mini-review, we will focus on two agents （tamoxifen and a Src kinase family inhibitor known as PP2） that have been shown in our laboratory to produce neuroprotective （increase cell survival） and/or regenerative （axonal outgrowth） actions. The animal model used in our laboratory is adult female rat （N250 g） with a moderate contusion （12.5 mm） to the spinal cord at the T10 level, using the MASCIS impactor device. Tamoxifen or PP2 was administered by implantation of a 15 mg pellet （Innovative Research of America, Sarasota, FL, USA） or by intraperitoneal injections （1.5 mg/kg, every 3 days）, respectively, to produce a long-term effect （28 days）. Tamoxifen and the Src kinase inhibitor, PP2, are drugs that in rats with a moderate spinal cord injury promote functional locomotor recovery, increase spared white matter tissue, and stimulate axonal outgrowth. Moreover, tamoxifen reduces the formation of reactive oxygen species. Therefore, these drugs are possible therapeutic agents that have a neuroprotective/regen- erative activity in vertebrates with SCI.

关键词： tamoxifen Src kinase PP2 trauma regeneration neuroprotection

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Let's Go To Malaysia

第二课堂(A) 2016年第2期 35-36页

作者： iris

Populated by Malays,Chinese,Indians and other groups,Malaysia is rich in festivals and wonderful ***’s great natural beauty to take in too,including beautiful beaches and some of the world’s oldest rainforest,much o... 详细信息

关键词：马来西亚 Let’s Go To Malaysia

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United Nations Day

第二课堂(A) 2015年第10期 42-43页

作者： iris

导读:每年的10月24日是联合国日。联合国是一个世界性、综合性的政府间国际组织,现有190多个会员国。On and around October 24,many activities are organized by all parts of the UN,particularly in the main offices in New York,t... 详细信息

关键词： World United Nations Day UN

Travel To Iceland In November

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第二课堂(A) 2016年第11期 45-46页

作者： iris

冰岛一直是作者的梦想之地,虽然11月的冰岛很冷,但当作者看到航空公司的特价套餐时,还是毅然开启了他美妙的冰岛之旅。

关键词： Travel To Iceland In November

The Netherlands Travel Guide

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第二课堂(A) 2016年第5期 42-43页

作者： iris

除了咖啡店和郁金香(tulip),荷兰还有历史古城、农场、风车(windmill)值得大家去游玩或欣赏。

关键词： EUR The Netherlands Travel Guide

Labor Day in the United States and Canada

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第二课堂(A) 2015年第9期 38-39页

作者： iris

Labor Day is held on the first Monday of *** was organized to celebrate labor associations’contributions to the United States *** is largely a day of rest in modern *** people mark Labor Day as the end of the summer season and a last chance to make导读:很多国家的劳动节是5月1日,但美国与加拿大的劳动节却在9月的第一

关键词：加拿大 Labor Day in the United States and Canada

Pediatric nasolacrimal duct obstruction-benefit of a combined therapeutic approach

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2017年第5期13卷 427-432页

作者： Milo(s)Fischer iris-Susanne Horn Mathias Otto Mandy Pirlich Andreas Dietz Christian Mozet Clinic of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery and Department of Head Medicine and Oral Health.University Hospital LeipzigGermany Depamnent ofENT Head&Neck SurgerySchwarzwald-Baar KIinikum Villingen—SchwenningenGermany Clinic of Ophthalmology and Department of Head Medicine and Oral Health University Hospital LeipzigGermany Deparmaent ofNeurology University Hospital LeipzigGermany.

Background:Pediatric nasolacrimal duct obstruction (PNDO) requires therapeutic intervention after conservative procedures *** resilient treatment guidelines for the treatment are missing,the aim of this study was to evaluate the advantages of two different intervention techniques in children with ***:Between January,2006 and June,2014,233 children (0-208 months) were treated either with conventional probing by ophthalmologists only (Group I) or with endonasal endoscopic interdisciplinary approach (Group Ⅱ).The clinical outcome was ***:The overall success rate of Group Ⅰ was 93.4% compared to 98.4% of Group Ⅱ (P24 ***:Endoscopic control in treatment of PNDO allows exact identification of the stenosis and appropriate surgical intervention with an improved clinical *** endoscopic surgical techniques should be the standard PNDO treatment.

关键词： dacryocystocele Hasner valve nasal endoscopy nasolacrimal duct probing pediatric nasolacrimal duct obstruction

How a Desert Region in Western China Built a Wine Industry From Scratch

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城市漫步（GBA版） 2018年第8期 36-45页

作者： iris Wang 不详

Kiki Chenshu got into the wine business be--cause she was *** she moved back to her native Yinchuan,in Ningxia,Chenshu felt she could no longer relate to her childhood *** had gone to uni-versity in Beijing to study u... 详细信息

关键词： Scratch Desert Ningxia

Competitiveness of Travel Agencies in the European Tourism Market

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Chinese Business Review 2013年第4期12卷 278-286页

作者： iris Mihajlovic University of Dubrovnik Dubrovnik Croatia

The concept of competitiveness influenced by many factors is analyzed in terms of terminology distinctions. This is the reason of numerous definitions of this term included in the first part of the paper, which varies according to the aspect of the analysis, analyzed marketing unit, tourism product, geographical unit, region, destination, or entities that offer an acceptable integrated product a package by specific indicators for comparison of elements of competitiveness. The first part of the article theoretically emphasizes the distinction in defining the concept of competitiveness from various aspects of the analyzed market subjects （different features and facilities provided）, and from those aspects of their specific business relationship in the market. Special contribution to the study of competitiveness is contained in the second part of the paper that analyzes the existing situation of intermediation in the European tourism market. This research is based on using the data of descriptive statistics and the secondary research which gives insights into the business of travel agencies, using the data such as number of employees, annual personnel costs, and the average annual cost per person employed in travel agencies in some European countries. The changes in the environment, and the competition initiate a need for an analysis of the internal environment, travel agencies＇ tasks, and their organizational structure. Also, the results conducted research on a sample of 500 travel agencies in 20 European countries indicate the dominance of quality service, price, and value for money as key factors of demand for achieving the competitiveness. It indicates new trends focused on needs for more specific--integrated tourist products that ensure the quality of service, value for money, and for the time that tourists invest in their obtaining.

关键词： dynamic environment intermediaries competition market service quality price