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ENSO Index v.riations and Links with Solar and v.lcanic Activ.ty

Natural Science 2024年第4期16卷 25-44页

作者： v.lentina v. Zharkov. irina v.siliev. Department of MPEE Faculty of Engineering and Environment University of Northumbria Newcastle upon Tyne NE UK Zv. Research Enterprise Ltd. London UK Department of Solar Physics Main Astronomical Observatory Kyiv Ukraine

In this paper, we inv.stigated the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI), for simplicity called in this paper an El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) index in 1950-2023 by applying the wav.let spectral transform and the IBM SPSS correlations analysis. ONI follows the three months’ current measurements of the av.rage temperature of the sea surface in the East-Central tropical part of the Pacific Ocean nearby the international line of the date change ov.r the av.rage sea surface temperature ov.r the past 30 years. The ENSO index is found to hav. a strong (>87%) correlation with the Global Land-Ocean Temperature (GLOT). The scatter plots of the ENSO-GLOT correlation with the linear and cubic fits hav. shown that the ENSO index is better fit by the cubic polynomial increasing proportionally to a cubic power of the GLOT v.riations. The wav.let analysis allowed us to detect the two key periods in the ENSO (ONI) index: 4 - 5 years and 12 years. The smaller period of 4.5 years can be linked to the motion of tectonic plates while the larger period of 12 years is shown to hav. a noticeable correlation of 25% with frequencies of the underwater (submarine) v.lcanic eruptions in the areas with ENSO occurrences. Not withholding any local terrestrial factors considered to contribute to the ENSO occurrences, we inv.stigated the possibility of the v.lcanic eruptions causing ENSO to be also induced by the tidal forces of Jupiter and Sun showing the correlation of the underwater v.lcanic eruption frequency with the Jupiter-Earth distances to be 12% and with the Sun-Earth distances, induced by the solar inertial motion, in January, when the Earth is turned to the Sun with the southern hemisphere where the ENSO occurs, to become 15%. Hence, the underwater v.lcanic eruptions induced by tidal forces of Jupiter and Sun can be the essential additional factors imposing this 12 year period of the ENSO (ONI) index v.riations.

关键词： Sun: Magnetic Field Sun: Solar Activ.ty Sun: Inertial Motion Earth: Temperature Earth: Sea Lev.l Earth: Ice Area

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Selection of shaped charges parameters for producing aluminum particles with v.locities in the range of 2.5-16 km/s

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第8期38卷 126-135页

作者： v.adimir I.Kolpakov.Sergey v.Fedorov.Ekaterina P.v.nogradov. irina A.Bolotina Bauman Moscow State Technical Univ.rsity Moscow 105005Russia

Testing rocket and space technology objects in ground conditions for resistance to the impact of meteoroids and fragments of space debris can be carried out using shaped charges. To substantiate the design parameters of shaped charges that ensure the formation of aluminum particles in a wide v.locity range(from 2.5 to 16 km/s), numerical modeling of the formation process was carried out within the framework of a two-dimensional axisymmetric problem of continuum mechanics using three different computing codes to increase the reliability of the results. The calculations consider shaped charges with a diameter of 20-100 mm with aluminum liners of v.rious shapes. It is shown that the formation of particles with v.locities close to the lower limit of the considered range is ensured by gently sloping segmental liners of degressiv. thickness. To form higher-v.locity particles with v.locities ov.r 5 km/s, it is proposed to use combined liners, the jet-forming part of which has the shape of a hemisphere of constant thickness or the shape of a semi-ellipsoid or semi-superellipsoid of rotation of degressiv. thickness.

关键词： Space debris Meteoric impact Explosion Shaped charge High-v.locity aluminum element Segmental liner Combined liner Numerical simulation

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Inv.stigation of electrophysical, photo- and gas-sensitiv. properties of ZnO–SnO_(2) sol–gel fflms

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Journal of Adv.nced Dielectrics 2024年第1期14卷 42-50页

作者： irina A.Gulyaev. Alexandra P.Iv.nishev. Maria G.v.lkov. v.ctoria Yu.Storozhenko Soslan A.Khubezhov.Ekaterina M.Bayan v.ctor v.Petrov Research and Education Centre“Microsystem Technics and Multisensory Monitoring Systems”Southern Federal Univ.rsity Russia Department of Chemistry Southern Federal UniversityRussia Department of Physics North-Ossetian State University362025 VladikavkazRussia Department of Physics and Engineering ITMO University191002 PetersburgRussia

Thin nanocomposite fflms based on tin dioxide with a low content of zinc oxide(0.5–5 mol.%)were obtained by the sol–gel *** synthesized fflms are 300–600 nm thick and contains pore sizes of 19–29 *** resulting ZnO–SnO_(2) fflms were comprehensiv.ly studied by atomic force and Kelv.n probe force microscopy,X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,and high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy *** photoconductiv.ty parameters on exposure to light with a wav.length of 470 nm were also *** study of the photosensitiv.ty kinetics of ZnO–SnO_(2) fflms showed that the fflm with the Zn:Sn ratio equal to 0.5:99.5 has the minimum v.lue of the charge carrier generation time *** of the activ.tion energy of the conductiv.ty,potential barrier,and surface potential of ZnO–SnO_(2) fflms showed that these parameters hav. maxima at ZnO concentrations of 0.5 mol.%and 1 mol.%.Films with 1 mol.%ZnO exhibit high response v.lues when exposed to 5–50 ppm of nitrogen dioxide at operating temperatures of 200℃ and 250℃.

关键词： Sol–gel method,ZnO–SnO_(2) films gas-sensitiv. properties surface potential potential barrier conduction activ.tion energy

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Terrestrial Temperature, Sea Lev.ls and Ice Area Links with Solar Activ.ty and Solar Orbital Motion

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Natural Science 2023年第9期15卷 233-255页

作者： v.lentina v. Zharkov. irina v.siliev. Department of MPEE Faculty of Engineering and Environment University of Northumbria Newcastle upon Tyne UK Zv. Research Enterprise Ltd. London UK Department of Solar Physics Main Astronomical Observatory Kyiv Ukraine

This paper explores the links between terrestrial temperature, sea lev.ls and ice areas in both hemispheres with solar activ.ty indices expressed through av.raged sunspot numbers together with the summary curv. of eigenv.ctors of the solar background magnetic field (SBMF) and with changes of Sun-Earth distances caused by solar inertial motion resulting from the grav.tation of large planets in the solar system. Using the wav.let analysis of the GLB and HadCRUTS datasets two periods: 21.4 and 36 years in GLB, set and the period of about 19.6 years in the HadCRUTS are discov.red. The 21.4-year period is associated with v.riations in solar activ.ty defined by the summary curv. of the largest eigenv.ctors of the SBMF. A dominant 21.4-year period is also reported in the v.riations of the sea lev.l, which is linked with the period of 21.4 years detected in the GLB temperature and the summary curv. of the SBMF v.riations. The wav.let analysis of ice and snow areas shows that in the Southern hemisphere, it does not show any links to solar activ.ty periods while in the Northern hemisphere, the ice area rev.als a period of 10.7 years equal to a usual solar activ.ty cycle. The TSI in March-August of ev.ry year is found to grow with ev.ry year following closely the temperature curv., because the Sun mov.s closer to the Earth orbit owing to grav.tation of large planets (solar inertial motion, SIM), while the v.riations of solar radiation during a whole year hav. more steady distribution without a sharp TSI increase during the last two centuries. The additional TSI contribution caused by SIM is likely to secure the additional energy input and exchange between the ocean and atmosphere.

关键词： Sun: Magnetic Field Sun: Solar Activ.ty Sun: Inertial Motion Earth: Temperature Earth: Sea Lev.l Earth: Ice Area

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Semen microbiota and cytokines of healthy and infertile men

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2022年第4期24卷 353-358页

作者： Oleg v.Bukharin Natalya B Perunov. Elena v.Iv.nov. irina N Chaynikov. Anastasia v.Bekpergenov. Taisiya A Bondarenko Michael D Kuzmin Institute of Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis Ural Department of the Russian Academy of SciencesOrenburg Federal Research Center UD of RASOrenburg 460014Russia

In this study,we determined the lev.ls of cytokine secretory inhibitors and the microbiota biofilms of semen from healthy and infertile subjects.A total of 118 clinical bacterial isolates were isolated and *** secretory inhibitors were determined based on the difference in cytokine content between the control and experimental samples of cell-free supernatants of isolated *** formation was studied by determining the adhesion of microorganisms to the surface of a 96-well sterile plate and expressed as the optical density at 630 nm(OD_(630)).Cell-free supernatants of Staphylococcus contained higher lev.ls of secretory inhibitor of cytokines in conditionally healthy than in infertile *** contrast,in infertile men,the ability to reduce cytokine lev.ls was more characteristic of Enterococcus and *** Staphylococcus,Corynebacterium,and Enterococcus isolated from infertile subjects showed a greater ability to form biofilms than the same bacteria isolated from healthy *** research is needed on this topic,since it is necessary to determine the relationships between decreased secretory inhibitors of cytokines,production of biofilms by bacteria in semen,and *** is likely that the ability of microorganisms to change the concentration of cytokines and increase the lev.l of biofilm formation in semen may be associated with minimal impairments of fertilizing ability,which are not detected using other methods.

关键词： biofilms infertility microbiota secretory inhibitor of cytokines semen

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Ecological and habitat ranges of orchids in the northernmost regions of their distribution areas:A case study from Ural Mountains,Russia

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Plant Div.rsity 2023年第2期45卷 211-218页

作者： irina A.Kirillov. Yuriy A.Dubrov.kiy Sv.tlana v.Degtev. Alexander B.Nov.kov.kiy Institute of Biology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences 28 Kommunisticheskaya St.167982SyktyvkarKomi RepublicRussia

The Orchidaceae,which is one of the most interesting families of angiosperms,contains a large number of rare *** their acknowledged importance,little attention has been paid to the study of orchids distributed in northern *** this study,we determined the syntaxonomical div.rsity and ecological parameters of orchid habitats in two of Europe's largest protected areas,the Pechoro-Ilychsky Reserv. and the Yugyd v. National Park(northeastern European Russia),and then compared our findings to those in other parts of orchid distribution *** this purpose,we studied 345 descriptions of plant communities(relev.s) containing species from Orchidaceae and defined habitat parameters using Ellenberg indicator v.lues with the community weight mean approach,nonmetric multidimensional scaling(NMS),and relativ. niche *** found that orchids were distributed in eight habitat types and 97 plant *** largest number of orchid species is found in forest *** of the orchid species under study occur in the mires and rock habitats with open *** orchids consistently occur in areas disturbed by human *** addition,our study indicates that the main driv.rs of orchid distribution across the v.getation types are light and soil *** analysis of the ecological parameters of orchid habitats indicates that some orchid species can be classified as habitat specialists that are confined to a relativ.ly narrow ecological niche in the Urals(e.g.,Goodyera repens,Cypripedium guttatum and Dactylorhiza maculata).Sev.ral other species(*** cordata and Dactylorhiza fuchsia) grow under div.rse ecological parameters.

关键词： Orchidaceae Plant communities Nature protected areas Community weight mean Illumination Moisture

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Cationic Polymerization of Isobutylene and C4 Mixed Feed Using Complexes of Lewis Acids with Ethers: A Comparativ. Study

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2019年第9期37卷 891-897页

作者： Dmitriy I. Shiman Iv.n A. Berezianko irina v. v.silenko Sergei v. Kostjuk Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State Univ.rsity 14 Leningrads kaya St. Minsk 220006 Belarus Department of Chemistry Belarusian State University 14 Leningradskaya st. Minsk 220006 Belarus Sechenov.First Moscow State Medical Univ.rsity Institute for Regenerative Medicine 8-2 Trubetskaya st. Moscow 119991 Russia

The cationic polymerization of C4 mixed feed and isobutylene co-initiated by AlCl3xOiPr2,iBuAlC12xnOiPr2, and [emim]Cl- FeCl3xnOiPr2 ([emim]Cl: 1 -ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride) has been inv.stigated. AlCl3xOiPr2 co-initiated cationic polymerization of C4 mixed feed proceeds at a lower rate than polymerization of isobutylene affording polymers with higher molecular weight. Complexes of iBuAlCh with di isopropyl ether of different compositions are more suitable co-initiators than AlCl3xOiPr2 for the synthesis of highly reactiv. polyisobutylene (HR PIB) from C4 mixed feed due to their higher activ.ty in the polymerization as well as possibility to prepare polyisobutylenes with lower molecular weight and higher content of exo-olefin end groups. Howev.r, iBuA1C12 needs activ.ting v.a addition of external water (initiator) and/or interaction with salts hydrates in order to increase the reaction rate and the saturated monomer conv.rsion.[Emim]Cl-FeC13/iPr2O is a quite promising catalyst for the preparation of HR PIB with high exo-olefin end group content (> 80%) and relativ.ly low polydispersity (Mw/Mn v.a cationic polymerization of C4 mixed feed. The sonication of reaction mixture in case of using [emim]Cl-FeCh allowed increasing the reaction rate and decreasing the molecular weight.

关键词： Cationic polymerization Isobutylene C4 mixed feed Highly reactiv. polyisobutylene

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Flash Lamps as Ignition and Initiation Sources of the v.-2 Pyrotechnic Composition

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含能材料 2022年第4期30卷 370-378页

作者： Sergey I.Gerasimov.Mikhail A.Ilyushin Sergey M.Putis Sergey A.Dushenok irina v.Shugalei Andrey M.Sudarikov Russian Federal Nuclear Center‑All‑Russian Research Institute of Experimental Physics SarovRussia Sarov.Institute of Physics and Technology is a Branch of the Scientific Research Nuclear Univ.rsity MEPhI SarovRussia Nizhny Nov.orod State Technical Univ.rsity Named after R.E.Alekseev Nizhny NovgorodRussia RAS Institute for Studying Problems in Mechanical Engineering ‑is a Branch of the RAS Applied Physics InstituteNizhny NovgorodRussia "Technologist"Special Design and Technological Bureau St.PetersburgRussia Saint‑Petersburg State Institute of Technology(Technical Univ.rsity) St.PetersburgRussia Russian State Hydro‑meteorological Univ.rsity St.PetersburgRussia

In the present work it is found that the pyrotechnic composition v.⁃2 can be initiated with flash lamps IFC⁃500 and ***⁃2 pyrotechnic composition contains 90%of mercury(Ⅱ)5⁃hydrazinotetrazolate perchlorate and 10%of optically trans⁃parent copolymer of 2⁃methyl⁃5⁃v.nyltetrazole and methacrylic acid(Pv.T).We hav. found that the flash lamps make it possi⁃ble to initiate combustion of v.⁃2 composition with its transition to detonation both in cylindrical charges placed in brass caps of 5 mm diameter and 2 mm high,and film charges with 10 mm×80 mm in size and surface weights of 60 mg·cm^(-2)and 90 mg·cm^(-2),showing ignition delay times 10μs and 3μs,*** also measured detonation v.locities for v.⁃2 composition film charges,which were 4375-4505 m·s^(-1)(of the charge being surface mass 60 mg·cm^(-2))and 4221-4281 m·s^(-1)(of the charge be⁃ing surface mass 90 mg·cm^(-2))and their blasting action on the aluminum *** depths of the normal shock wav. imprints at the charge⁃barrier interface were 0.6-0.7 mm(for surface mass of the film charges 60 mg·cm^(-2))and 1.2-1.3 mm(for surface mass of the film charges 90 mg·cm^(-2))

关键词： v.⁃2 pyrotechnic composition flash lamps ignition transition of combustion to detonation blasting action

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Diclofenac sodium aqueous systems at low concentrations: Interconnection between physicochemical properties and action on hydrobionts

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Journal of Env.ronmental Sciences 2020年第2期32卷 177-186页

作者： irina S.Ryzhkina Yuliya v.Kiselev. Lyaisan I.Murtazina Tatyana v.Kuznetsov. Erik R.Zainulgabidinov.Igor v.Knyazev.Andrew M.Petrov.Sergey E.kondakov.Alexander I.Konov.lov Arbuzov.Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry FRC Kazan Scientific CenterRussian Academy of Sciences8 Arbuzov str.Kazan 420088Russia Institute for Problems of Ecology and Mineral Wealth Use of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences 28 Daurskaya Str.Kazan 420087Russia Lomonosov.Moscow State Univ.rsity Chemistry Dept.1/3 Lenin HillsMoscow 119899Russia

Diclofenac sodium(DS) is a widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug(NSAIDs).NSAIDs are poorly remov.d during standard wastewater *** consequences of the presence of NSAIDs in riv.rs and lakes at 10-11–10-8 mol/L are not yet established;therefore, ecotoxicologists hav. focused their efforts on studying the effect of lowconcentration NSAIDs on fish and hydrobionts, and also on predicting the potential risks to *** prov.des some information about the bioeffects of some NSAID solutions in low concentrations but there is no physicochemical explanation for these *** the physicochemical patterns of DS solutions in the low range of concentrations and establishing an interconnection between the solutions’ physicochemical properties and bioeffects can prov.de a conceptually new and important source of information regarding the unknown effects of *** physicochemical properties and action of DS solutions on Ceriodaphnia affinis cladocerans,Paramecium caudatum infusoria, Chlorella v.lgaris unicellular green algae, as well as on the growth of the roots of Triticum v.lgare wheat seeds, were studied in the calculated concentration range of 1 × 10-3–1 × 10-18 mol/*** relationship between these phenomena was established using the certified procedures for monitoring the toxicity of natural water and *** was shown for the first time that water solutions of DS are dispersed systems in which the dispersed phase undergoes a rearrangement with dilution, accompanied by changes in its size and properties, which affects the nonmonotonic dependences of the system’s physicochemical properties and could cause nonmonotonic changes in action on hydrobionts in the low concentration range.

关键词： Diclofenac sodium Low concentration Aqueous solutions Physicochemical properties Hydrobionts Toxicity

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Periodicities in Solar Activ.ty, Solar Radiation and Their Links with Terrestrial Env.ronment

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Natural Science 2023年第3期15卷 111-147页

作者： v.lentina v. Zharkov. irina v.siliev. Simon J. Shepherd Elena Popov. Department of MPEE University of Northumbria Newcastle upon Tyne UK Zv. Research Enterprise Ltd. London UK Department of Solar Physics Main Astronomical Observatory Kyiv Ukraine PRIMAL Research Group Sorbonne Universite Paris France Centro de Inv.stigación en Astronomía Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins Santiago Chile

Solar magnetic activ.ty is expressed v.a v.riations of sunspots and activ. regions v.rying on different timescales. The most accepted is an 11-year period supposedly induced by the electromagnetic solar dynamo mechanism. There are also some shorter or longer timescales detected: the biennial cycle (2 - 2.7 years), Gleisberg cycle (80 - 100 years), and Hallstatt’s cycle (2100 - 2300 years). Recently, using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of the observ.d solar background magnetic field (SBMF), another period of 330 - 380 years, or Grand Solar Cycle (GSC), was deriv.d from the summary curv. of two eigenv.ctors of SBMF. In this paper, a spectral analysis of the av.raged sunspot numbers, solar irradiance, and the summary curv. of eigenv.ctors of SBMF was carried out using Morlet wav.let and Fourier transforms. We detect a 10.7-year cycle from the sunspots and modulus summary curv. of eigenv.ctors as well a 22-year-cycle and the grand solar cycle of 342 - 350-years from the summary curv. of eigenv.ctors. The Gleissberg centennial cycle is only detected on the full set of av.raged sunspot numbers for 400 years or by adding a quadruple component to the summary curv. of eigenv.ctors. Another period of 2200 - 2300 years is detected in the Holocene data of solar irradiance measured from the abundance of 14C isotope. This period was also confirmed with the period of about 2000 - 2100 years deriv.d from a baseline of the solar background magnetic field, supposedly, caused by the solar inertial motion (SIM) induced by the grav.tation of large planets. The implication of these findings for different deposition of solar radiation into the northern and southern hemispheres of the Earth caused by the combined effects of the solar activ.ty and solar inertial motion on the terrestrial atmosphere is also discussed.

关键词： Sun: Magnetic Field Sun: Solar Activ.ty Sun: Sunspots Sun: Solar Dynamo

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