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Optimized production of transgenic buffalo embryos and offspring by cytoplasmic zygote injection

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第4期6卷 395-401页

作者： Fanli Meng Hui Li Xiaoli Wang Guangsheng Qin bj?rn Oback Deshun Shi Animal Reproduction Institute State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresourcesGuangxi University AgResearch Ltd. Ruakura Research CentreReproductive Technologies

Background： Cytoplasmic injection of exogenous DNA into zygotes is a promising technique to generate transgenic livestock. However, it is still relatively inefficient and has not yet been demonstrated to work in buffalo. We sought to improve two key technical parameters of the procedure, namely i） how much linear DNA to inject and ii） when to inject it. For this, we introduced a constitutively expressed enhanced green fluorescent protein （EGFP） plasmid into buffalo zygotes. Results： First, we found that the proportion of EGFP-expressing blastocysts derived from zygotes injected with 20 or 50 ng/pL DNA was significantly higher than from those injected with 5 pg/mL. However, 50 ng/pL exogenous DNA compromised blastocyst development compared to non-injected IVF controls. Therefore the highest net yield of EGFP-positive blastocysts was achieved at 20 ng/pL DNA. Second, zygotes injected early （7-8 h post-insemination [hpi]） developed better than those injected at mid （12-13 hpi） or late （18-19 hpi） time points. Blastocysts derived from early injections were also more frequently EGFP-positive. As a consequence, the net yield of EGFP-expressing blastocysts was more than doubled using early vs late injections （16.4 % vs 7.7 %）. With respect to blastocyst quality, we found no significant difference in cell numbers of EGFP-positive blastocysts vs non-injected blastocysts. Following embryo transfer of six EGFP-positive blastocysts into four recipient animals, two viable buffalo calves were born. Biopsied ear tissues from both buffalo calves were analyzed for transgene presence and expression by Southern blot, PCR and confocal laser scanning microscopy, respectively. This confirmed that both calves were transgenic. Conclusions： Our cytoplasmic injection protocol improved generation of transgenic embryos and resulted in the first transgenic buffalo calves produced by this method.

关键词： Buffalo Cytoplasmic injection Plasmid Transgenic Zygote

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Influence of dispersoids on grain subdivision and texture evolution in aluminium alloys during cold rolling

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2014年第7期24卷 2072-2078页

作者：赵庆龙 bj?rn HOLMEDAL Department of Materials Science and Engineering Norwegian University of Science and Technology

Al-Mn alloys containing similar amounts of solutes but various dispersoid densities were cold rolled. The grain subdivision and micro-texture were examined by electron backscatter diffraction and orientation imaging microscopy. Macro-texture was measured by X-ray diffraction. It is found that a high density of fine dispersoids enhances the development of the copper and S textures at large strains （～3）, and also induces a higher fraction of high-angle grain boundaries. At smaller strains, the texture and high-angle grain boundaries are not evidently influenced by the density of dispersoids. It is suggested that the texture evolution, which is enhanced by dispersoid pinning effect, contributes to the grain subdivision and the formation of high-angle grain boundaries.

关键词： aluminium alloys grain boundary texture deformation microstructure

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Embryo-mediated genome editing for accelerated genetic improvement of livestock

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2020年第2期7卷 148-160页

作者： Zachariah MCLEAN björn OBACK Götz LAIBLE Reproduction AgResearchRuakura Research CentreHamilton 3214New Zealand School of Biological Sciences University of AucklandAuckland 1010New Zealand School of Medical Sciences University of AucklandAuckland 1023New Zealand

Selecting beneficial DNA variants is the main goal of animal ***,this process is inherently inefficient because each animal only carries a fraction of all desirable *** editing technology with its ability to directly introduce beneficial sequence variants offers new opportunities to modernize animal breeding by overcoming this biological limitation and accelerating genetic *** realize rapid genetic gain,precise edits need to be introduced into genomicallyselected embryos,which minimizes the genetic ***,embryo-mediated precision editing by homology-directed repair(HDR)mechanisms is currently an inefficient process that often produces mosaic embryos and greatly limits the numbers of available edited *** review provides a summary of genome editing in bovine embryos and proposes an embryo-mediated accelerated breeding scheme that overcomes the present efficiency limitations of HDR editing in bovine *** integrates embryo-based genomic selection with precise multi-editing and uses embryonic cloning with elite edited blastomeres or embryonic pluripotent stem cells to resolve mosaicism,enable multiplex editing and multiply rare elite *** a breeding strategy would enable a more targeted,accelerated approach for livestock improvement that allows stacking of beneficial variants,even including novel traits from outside the breeding population,in the most recent elite genetic background,essentially within a single generation.

关键词： animal breeding cattle cloning CRISPR/Cas9 cytoplasmic injection embryo genome editing germline chimaeras HDR livestock improvement TALENs

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Pathology of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma:Facts,challenges and future developments

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第38期20卷 13833-13841页

作者： Irene Esposito bj?rn Konukiewitz Anna Melissa Schlitter Günter Kl?ppel Institute of Pathology Technische Universit?t München

Despite major improvements concerning its diagnosis and treatment,pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC) remains an aggressive disease with an extremely poor prognosis. Pathology,as interface discipline between basic and clinical medicine,has substantially contributed to the recent developments and has laid the basis for further progress. The definition and classification of precursor lesions of PDAC and their molecular characterization is a fundamental step for the potential identification of biomarkers and the development of imaging methods for early detection. In addition,by integrating findings in humans with the knowledge acquired through the investigation of transgenic mouse models for PDAC,a new model for pancreatic carcinogenesis has been proposed and partially validated in individuals with genetic predisposition for PDAC. The introduction and validation of a standardized system for pathology reporting based on the axial slicing technique has shown that most pancreatic cancer resections are R1 resections and that this is due to inherent anatomical and biological properties of *** standardized assessment of prognostic relevant parameters represents the basis for the successful conduction of multicentric studies and for the interpretation of their ***,recent studies have shown that distinct molecular subtypes of PDAC exist and are associated with different prognosis and therapy *** prospective validation of these results and the integration of molecular analyses in a comprehensive pathology report in the context of individualised cancer therapy represent a major challenge for the future.

关键词： Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma Precursor lesions Atypical flat lesion Molecular subtypes R1 Pancreatic cancer

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Routes to hydrate formation from water dissolved in gas and impact of mineral surfaces

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Petroleum 2021年第4期7卷 385-401页

作者： bjørn Kvamme Na Wei Jinzhou Zhao Shouwei Zhou Liehui Zhang Wantong Sun Navid Saeidi State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum UniversityXindu Road No.8Chengdu610500China State Key Laboratory of Natural Gas Hydrate Sun Palace South Street No.6Beijing10027China Hyzenenergy 26701 Quail CreekLaguna HillsCA92656USA Strategic Carbon LLC 20 Ladd St.Suite 200PortsmouthNH03801USA

Mineral surfaces adsorb water to extreme densities and corresponding low chemical *** results in a dual effect in terms of *** and slightly polar components adsorb directly on mineral surfaces and generate efficient conditions for hydrate *** due to the extremely low chemical potential of adsorbed water the hydrate nuclei formed towards mineral surfaces have to either detach from the vicinity of mineral surfaces,or be bridged by structured water in a dynamic attachment of hydrate cores some few nm outside mineral *** transport of gas(CH4,gas mixtures,CO2)the conventional water dew-point analysis will typically result in a substantially higher acceptable water concentration as compared to the concentration for adsorption of water from gas to rust *** formation of hydrate from water dissolved in gas is thermodynamically feasible,as discussed in open *** this work we demonstrate that it is also feasible in terms of mass transport.A new theory for enthalpy of hydrate dissociation has been extended to also direct hydrate formation from water dissolved in *** remaining question is whether direct hydrate formation from gas is also feasible in terms of transporting the hydrate formation heat away through a heat insulating *** propose further research strategies to enlighten this *** of glycols to critical points in processing of gas or transport is already in use by companies like for instance *** is,however,a need for more work on how efficient it is and if it can also be used for multiphase transport of hydrocarbons with significant water *** research activities are in progress and briefly outlined here.

关键词： Hydrate Thermodynamics Risk Inhibitors

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斯堪的纳维亚硬岩海底隧道工程(英文)

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岩石力学与工程学报 2007年第11期26卷 2176-2192页

作者： GRфV Eivind NILSEN bjфrn 森泰福岩土力学挪威科技大学

论述了北欧海底隧道特别是基岩中开挖的公路隧道的工程经验,目前在北欧已建成25条以上的海底隧道,总长超过100km,大部分在挪威,最长的7.9km,最深的在海平面下264m。所有这些隧道都是用钻爆法进行开挖的。同时,叙述了勘探、规划、设计和... 详细信息

论述了北欧海底隧道特别是基岩中开挖的公路隧道的工程经验,目前在北欧已建成25条以上的海底隧道,总长超过100km,大部分在挪威,最长的7.9km,最深的在海平面下264m。所有这些隧道都是用钻爆法进行开挖的。同时,叙述了勘探、规划、设计和施工等诸方面的重要问题,讨论了从这些工程中的经验教训。最后,介绍了规划中的海底隧道,包括长24km、埋深400m的2条隧道。相应地,介绍了其他北欧国家的海底隧道,这些隧道大多也是根据挪威海底隧道的经验进行设计和施工的。

关键词：海底隧道勘探规划设计与施工

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Survival after laparoscopic versus open resection for colorectal liver metastases

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2021年第1期10卷 134-135页

作者： Davit L.Aghayan Åsmund Avdem Fretland bjørn Edwin The Intervention Centre Oslo University Hospital-RikshospitaletOsloNorway Institute of Clinical Medicine Medical FacultyUniversity of OsloOsloNorway Department of Surgery N1 Yerevan State Medical University after M.HeratsiYerevanArmenia Department of HPB Surgery Oslo University Hospital-RikshospitaletOsloNorway

Laparoscopic liver surgery has become standard of care in many specialized centers worldwide(1,2).Despite its well-known advantages over open approach in surgical outcomes,the evidence supporting its advantages in lon... 详细信息

关键词： Survival liver surgery

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A sensitivity study of the WRF model in offshore wind modeling over the Baltic Sea

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第6期12卷 209-222页

作者： Huidong Li björn Claremar Lichuan Wu Christoffer Hallgren Heiner Körnich Stefan Ivanell Erik Sahlée Department of Earth Sciences Uppsala UniversityUppsala 75236Sweden Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute Norrköping 60176Sweden

Accurate wind modeling is important for wind resources assessment and wind power forecasting. To improve the WRF model configuration for the offshore wind modeling over the Baltic Sea, this study performed a sensitivity study of the WRF model to multiple model configurations, including domain setup,grid resolution, sea surface temperature, land surface data, and atmosphere-wave coupling. The simulated offshore wind was evaluated against LiDAR observations under different wind directions, atmospheric stabilities, and sea status. Generally, the simulated wind profiles matched observations, despite systematic underestimations. Strengthening the forcing from the reanalysis data through reducing the number of nested domains played the largest role in improving wind modeling. Atmosphere-wave coupling further improved the simulated wind, especially under the growing and mature sea *** the vertical resolution, and updating the sea surface temperature and the land surface information only had a slight impact, mainly visible during very stable conditions. Increasing the horizontal resolution also only had a slight impact, most visible during unstable conditions. Our study can help to improve the wind resources assessment and wind power forecasting over the Baltic Sea.

关键词： Offshore wind modeling Sensitivity study Atmosphere-wave coupling WRF Baltic Sea

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Epidemiology and clinical course of Crohn's disease:Results from observational studies

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第15期18卷 1723-1731页

作者： istein Hovde bjrn A Moum Department of Internal Medicine/Gastroenterology Innlandet Hospital Trust2819 GjvikOpplandNorway Department of Gastroenterology Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo0514 OsloNorway

The authors review the clinical outcome in patients with Crohn's disease(CD)based on studies describing the natural course of the ***-based studies have demonstrated that the incidence rates and prevalence rates for CD have increased since the *** authors search for English language articles from 1980 until *** variations,incidence,prevalence,smoking habits,sex,mortality and medications are *** increasing incidence and prevalence of CD have been found over the last three *** disease seems to be most common in northern Europe and North America,but is probably increasing also in Asia and *** is associated with an increased risk of developing *** <40 at diagnosis,penetrating/stricturing complications,need for systemic steroids,and disease location in terminal ileum are factors associated with higher relapse rates.A slight predominance of women diagnosed with CD has been *** resection is the most commonly performed surgical procedure,and within the first five years after the diagnosis about one third of the patients have had intestinal *** is associated with a worse clinical course and withincreased risk of *** most studies the overall mortality is comparable to the background *** date,the most effective treatment options in acute flares are glucocorticosteroids and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α-***/methotrexate and TNF-α-blockers are effective in maintaining remission.

关键词： Crohn's disease Epidemiology Diagnosis Smoking Extra-intestinal manifestations Therapy

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The SNAPc complex mediates starvation-induced trans-splicing in Caenorhabditis elegans

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2022年第10期49卷 952-964页

作者： Xinhao Hou Chengming Zhu Mingjing Xu Xiangyang Chen Cheng Sun björn Nashan Shouhong Guang Xuezhu Feng The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC Division of Life Sciences and MedicineSchool of Life SciencesMinistry of Education Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles&Cellular DynamicsThe USTC RNA InstituteDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyBiomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui ProvinceUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui 230001China CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science Chinese Academy of SciencesHefeiAnhui 230027China

Dietary restriction usually suppresses biosynthesis but activates catabolic pathways in ***,the short-term starvation enhances biosynthetic activities and promotes ribosomal biogenesis in adult Caenorhabditis *** mechanism underlying the processes remains largely ***,we find that the short-term starvation enhances the SL1 trans-splicing of translation-related genes in adult *** by transcriptome *** small nuclear rnA-activating protein complex(SNAPc)promotes SL rnA production and mediates starvation-induced ***-5,a core factor in the upstream sequence transcription complex(USTC)essential for pirnA production,is also involved in the starvationinduced trans-splicing *** down components of the SNAPc complex and tofu-5 extends worm survival under starvation *** together,our study highlights the importance of SL transsplicing in the nutrition response and reveals a mechanism of the survival regulation by food deprivation via SNAPc and TOFU-5.

关键词： Trans-splicing SNAPc tofu-5 Starvation C.elegans

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