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Gastroenteric tube feeding: Techniques, problems and solutions

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第26期20卷 8505-8524页

作者： irina blumenstein Yogesh M Shastri Jürgen Stein Department of Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Clinic Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition Hospital Sachsenhausen Crohn Colitis Clinical Research Center RheinMain

Gastroenteric tube feeding plays a major role in the management of patients with poor voluntary intake,chronic neurological or mechanical dysphagia or gut dysfunction,and patients who are critically ***,despite the benefits and widespread use of enteral tube feeding,some patients experience *** review aims to discuss and compare current knowledge regarding the clinical application of enteral tube feeding,together with associated complications and special *** conducted an extensive literature search on PubMed,Embase and Medline using index terms relating to enteral access,enteral feeding/nutrition,tube feeding,percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy/jejunostomy,endoscopic nasoenteric tube,nasogastric tube,and refeeding *** literature showed common routes of enteral access to include nasoenteral tube,gastrostomy and jejunostomy,while complications fall into four major categories:mechanical,e.g.,tube blockage or removal;gastrointestinal,e.g.,diarrhea;infectious e.g.,aspiration pneumonia,tube site infection;and metabolic,e.g.,refeeding syndrome,*** the type and frequency of complications arising from tube feeding vary considerably according to the chosen access route,gastrointestinal complications are without doubt the most *** associated with enteral tube feeding can be reduced by careful observance of guidelines,including those related to food composition,administration rate,portion size,food temperature and patient supervision.

关键词： Enteral tube feeding Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy Refeeding syndrome Enteral nutrition Buried bumper syndrome Nasoenteral tubes Colocutaneous fistulae

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Chronic intestinal failure and short bowel syndrome in Crohn’s disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第24期27卷 3440-3465页

作者： Aysegül Aksan Karima Farrag irina blumenstein Oliver Schröder Axel U Dignass Jürgen Stein Institute of Nutritional Sciences Justus-Liebig-UniversitätGiessen 35392Germany Department of Clinical Research Interdisziplinäres Crohn Colitis Centrum Rhein-MainFrankfurt am Main 60594Germany Department of Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition DGD Kliniken SachsenhausenTeaching Hospital of the JW Goethe UniversityFrankfurt am Main 60594Germany Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Clinical NutritionFirst Medical ClinicJW Goethe University HospitalFrankfurt am Main 60529Germany Department of MedicineⅠ Agaplesion Markus HospitalGoethe-UniversityFrankfurt am Main 60431Germany Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry JW Goethe University60438 Frankfurt am MainGermany

Chronic intestinal failure(CIF)is a rare but feared complication of Crohn’s *** on the remaining length of the small intestine,the affected intestinal segment,and the residual bowel function,CIF can result in a wide spectrum of symptoms,from single micronutrient malabsorption to complete intestinal *** of CIF has improved significantly in recent *** in home-based parenteral nutrition,in particular,have translated into increased survival and improved quality of ***,60%of patients are permanently reliant on parenteral *** results with new drugs such as teduglutide have added a new dimension to CIF *** outcomes of patients with CIF could be greatly improved by more effective prevention,understanding,and *** complex cases,the care of patients with CIF requires a multidisciplinary approach involving not only physicians but also dietitians and nurses to provide optimal intestinal rehabilitation,nutritional support,and an improved quality of ***,we summarize current literature on CIF and short bowel syndrome,encompassing epidemiology,pathophysiology,and advances in surgical and medical management,and elucidate advances in the understanding and therapy of CIF-related complications such as catheter-related bloodstream infections and intestinal failure-associated liver disease.

关键词： Chronic intestinal failure Short bowel syndrome Crohn's disease Inflammatory bowel disease Parenteral nutrition Intestinal failure-associated liver disease

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Fooling intrusion detection systems using adversarially autoencoder

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Digital Communications and Networks 2021年第3期7卷 453-460页

作者： Junjun Chen Di Wu Ying Zhao Nabin Sharma Michael blumenstein Shui Yu College of Information Science and Technology Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China School of Computer Science University of Technology SydneyUltimo2007Australia Centre for Artificial Intelligence University of Technology SydneyUltimo2007Australia

Due to the increasing cyber-attacks,various Intrusion Detection Systems(IDSs)have been proposed to identify network *** existing machine learning-based IDSs learn patterns from the features extracted from network traffic flows,and the deep learning-based approaches can learn data distribution features from the raw data to differentiate normal and anomalous network *** having been used in the real world widely,the above methods are vulnerable to some types of *** this paper,we propose a novel attack framework,Anti-Intrusion Detection AutoEncoder(AIDAE),to generate features to disable the *** the proposed framework,an encoder transforms features into a latent space,and multiple decoders reconstruct the continuous and discrete features,***,a generative adversarial network is used to learn the flexible prior distribution of the latent *** correlation between continuous and discrete features can be kept by using the proposed training *** conducted on NSL-KDD,UNSW-NB15,and CICIDS2017 datasets show that the generated features indeed degrade the detection performance of existing IDSs dramatically.

关键词： Intrusion detection Cyber attacks Autoencoder Generative adversarial networks

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FACLSTM:ConvLSTM with focused attention for scene text recognition

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2020年第2期63卷 35-48页

作者： Qingqing WANG Ye HUANG Wenjing JIA Xiangjian HE Michael blumenstein Shujing LYU Yue LU Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing East China Normal University Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology University of Technology Sydney Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology Tongji University

Scene text recognition has recently been widely treated as a sequence-to-sequence prediction problem, where traditional fully-connected-LSTM(FC-LSTM) has played a critical role. Owing to the limitation of FC-LSTM, existing methods have to convert 2-D feature maps into 1-D sequential feature vectors, resulting in severe damages of the valuable spatial and structural information of text images. In this paper, we argue that scene text recognition is essentially a spatiotemporal prediction problem for its2-D image inputs, and propose a convolution LSTM(Conv LSTM)-based scene text recognizer, namely,FACLSTM, i.e., focused attention Conv LSTM, where the spatial correlation of pixels is fully leveraged when performing sequential prediction with LSTM. Particularly, the attention mechanism is properly incorporated into an efficient Conv LSTM structure via the convolutional operations and additional character center masks are generated to help focus attention on right feature areas. The experimental results on benchmark datasets IIIT5 K, SVT and CUTE demonstrate that our proposed FACLSTM performs competitively on the regular,low-resolution and noisy text images, and outperforms the state-of-the-art approaches on the curved text images with large margins.

关键词： scene text recognition convolutional LSTM focused attention spatial correlation sequential prediction

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Relativistic-intensity near-single-cycle light waveforms at kHz repetition rate

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 1572-1580页

作者： Marie Ouille Aline Vernier Frederik Bohle Maimouna Bocoum Aurelie Jullien Magali Lozano Jean-Philippe Rousseau Zhao Cheng Dominykas Gustas Andreas blumenstein Peter Simon Stefan Haessler Jerome Faure Tamas Nagy Rodrigo Lopez-Martens Laboratoire d’Optique Appliquee CNRSEcole PolytechniqueENSTA ParisInstitut Polytechnique de Paris181 chemin de la Huniere et des Joncherettes91120 PalaiseauFrance Ardop Engineering Cite de la Photonique11 Avenue de la Canterannebat.Pleione33600 PessacFrance Laser-Laboratorium Gottingen e.V. Hans-Adolf-Krebs-Weg 137077 GottingenGermany Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy Max-Born-Strasse 2A12489 BerlinGermany

The development of ultra-intense and ultra-short light sources is currently a subject of intense research driven by the discovery of novel phenomena in the realm of relativistic optics,such as the production of ultrafast energetic particle and radiation beams for *** has been a long-standing challenge to unite two hitherto distinct classes of light sources:those achieving relativistic intensity and those with pulse durations approaching a single light *** the former class traditionally involves large-scale amplification chains,the latter class places high demand on the spatiotemporal control of the electromagnetic laser ***,we present a light source producing waveformcontrolled 1.5-cycle pulses with a 719 nm central wavelength that can be focused to relativistic intensity at a 1 kHz repetition rate based on nonlinear post-compression in a long hollow-core *** unique capabilities of this source allow us to observe the first experimental indications of light waveform effects in laser wakefield acceleration of relativistic energy electrons.

关键词： repetition intensity light

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Effect of Wood Compost on Extreme Soil Characteristics in the Lusatian Lignite Region

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2012年第4期2卷 347-352页

作者： Wael Nada Oswald blumenstein Sarina Claassens Leon van Rensburg Institute of Earth and Environmental Sciences Potsdam University Potsdam Germany Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management North-West University Potchefstroom South Africa.

Open-cast lignite mining operations result in a loss of soil quality. Soils associated with coal mining are usually characterised by poor physical and chemical parameters. Low pH and heavy metal toxicity are of the main concerns. The lignite and pyrite content of the dump materials of the Lusatian open-cast mining district in Eastern Germany resulted in high acidification potential and low organic matter content of soils. These extreme conditions require considerable amounts of alkaline materials like compost to enable revegetation. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of different application rates of wood compost on soil physico-chemical properties in two representative soil substrates (tertiary and quaternary) and on some plant growth parameters. Soil in each site was mixed with wood compost and sown with a grass mixture. The data of both studied soils showed an improvement in physical properties such as water holding capacity and bulk density in soil ameliorated with compost. Most soil chemical properties were increased significantly with the increase of compost application rates, particularly organic matter content, total nitrogen and cation exchange capacity. Compared to the control treatment in each site, the treated soil with compost showed a significant increase in grass biomass (fresh and dry matter yield). The results of these experiments revealed that addition of wood compost had significant positive effects on the soil physical and chemical properties, which affected the response of plant growth and can facilitate the revegetation of substrates contaminated with coal spoil.

关键词： Coal spoil Mining Reclamation Revegetation

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Critical Analysis of Children’s Drawings as a Diagnostic Tool for Body Schema and Body Image Disorder in Cerebral Palsy

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Neuroscience & Medicine 2016年第4期7卷 133-148页

作者： Renée Lampe Ines Lützow Tobias blumenstein Varvara Turova Ana Alves-Pinto Markus Würth Foundation Orthopedics Department Clinic “rechts der Isar” Technical University of Munich Munich Germany Research Unit of Buhl-Strohmaier-Foundation for Children Neuro-Orthopedics and Cerebral Palsy Clinic “rechts der Isar” Technical University of Munich Munich Germany Stiftung ICP München Munich Germany

Cerebral palsy is a multiple disability manifested by motor deficits and impairments of cognition, language, and body perception. To assess if body schema and body image distortion in children and youth with cerebral palsy can be represented through draw-a-person-test, outcome measure of conscious and subconscious body awareness, visual perception and cognition in two age-matched groups, one with cerebral palsy and other with developmental disability, were collected. The outcome was compared within the two groups and with reference data (healthy population) and correlated with the outcome of draw-a-person test. Decreased scores in the draw-a-person test in subjects with cerebral palsy compared both to subjects with developmental disorders and to healthy population had strongly correlated with decreased scores in visual perception. This suggests that draw-a-person test may provide a preliminary guidance for the assessment of visual perception. No statistically significant effect of cognitive abilities on performance in the draw-a-person test was found. The influence of both conscious and subconscious body awareness on the scores in the draw-a-person test was not significant, which confirms that this test alone is not fully reliable to detect the body schema and body image disorder in cerebral palsy.

关键词： Cerebral Palsy Draw-a-Person-Test Body Perception Body Representation Disorder

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Towards simulation of germinal matrix hemorrhage as a complication of premature birth

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2013年第9期3卷 61-63页

作者： Renée Lampe Varvara Turova Tobias blumenstein Ana Alves-Pinto Cerebral Palsy and Children Neuro-Orthopedics Unit Orthopedic Department Clinic “Rechts der Isar” Technical University of Munich Munich Germany

The germinal matrix being an accumulation of immature blood vessels in the premature infant brain is known to be the main cause of the intracranial hemorrhage. To investigate the injuring mechanism to the blood vessels of the germinal matrix, a modeling scenario that consists of three basic steps is proposed. First, the cerebral blood flow that depends on autoregulation, CO2 reactivity, and variations of intracranial pressure is modeled. Second, the chaotic blood vessel network of the germinal matrix is generated, and blood pressures in the vessels of this network are computed dependent on the outcome of the first step. In the third step, the pressures computed on the second step are used in finite element simulations of separate blood vessels of the germinal matrix to detect critical values for vessels impairment.

关键词： Cerebral Palsy Germinal Matrix Hemorrhage Injuring Factors Mathematical Model Computer Simulation

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冰晶核化动力学在地形云中的应用

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气象科技 1990年第1期18卷 76-85页

作者： Rochelle.R.blumenstein Robert M.Rauber Lewis O.Grant William G Finnen 张令钊科罗拉多州立大学大气科学系

1.引言控制对流云和地形云增雨的主要因子包括目标云和播撒(或催化)物质的特有性能.对于冷云播撤,成核剂的关键的可变因素包括核化机制、核化时间速率和产量(或成核率).在被催化的云中,有效的核化时间可能十分短促.

关键词：核化地形云气溶胶粒子特有性气溶胶颗粒可变因素上升气流云室上风方云中

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草写体字符识别中的改进型方向特征研究

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图象识别与自动化 2007年第1期 1-13页

作者： Michael blumenstein Xin Yu Liu Brijesh Verma 李斌（译）

本文论述和分析了一种新颖的特征提取技术的特性，它采用基于分割的手写体字符识别系统的上下文关系来分割／书写字符。改进型的方向特征（MDF）提取技术以方向特征（DF）为基础，从字符轮廓的结构中提取方向信息。这种规则扩展了字符... 详细信息

本文论述和分析了一种新颖的特征提取技术的特性，它采用基于分割的手写体字符识别系统的上下文关系来分割／书写字符。改进型的方向特征（MDF）提取技术以方向特征（DF）为基础，从字符轮廓的结构中提取方向信息。这种规则扩展了字符图像中前景和背景象素转换的组合方向信息。为改善DF的提取技术，将对一些方法作出改进。同时使字符轮廓的描述更有效，并着手方向性检测技术的再设计，即在大部分时常出现的模式干扰中，增加对目标特征的描述，以改善字符的识别正确率。MDF通过基于神经网络分类器的试验以及转换特征（TF）提取技术的比较，并采用标准数据集与文献中列出的最佳结果相比较后得知，MDF技术优于DF和TF技术。来自CEDAR数据集的结果显示，识别正确率在89％以上。

关键词：手写体字符识别模式识别图像处理和计算机视觉神经网络

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