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Leveraging UAV-assisted communications to improve secrecy for URLLC in 6G systems

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Digital Communications and Networks 2023年第6期9卷 1458-1464页

作者： Hemant Kumar Narsani Ali Ranjha Kapal Dev Fida Hussain memon Nawab Muhammad Faseeh Qureshi Faculty of Engineering and Technology University of SindhPakistan Department of Electrical Engineering Ecole de Technologie Superieure Montreal QCCanada Department of Institute of Intelligent Systems University of JohannesburgSouth Africa Department of Electrical Engineering Sukkur IBA UniversityPakistan Department of Computer Education Sungkyunkwan UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs)will be essential to support mission-critical applications of Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communication(URLLC)in futuristic Sixth-Generation(6G)***,several security vulnerabilities and attacks have plagued previous generations of communication systems;thus,physical layer security,especially against eavesdroppers,is vital,especially for upcoming 6G *** this regard,UAVs have appeared as a winning candidate to mitigate security *** this paper,we leverage UAVs to propose two *** first method utilizes a UAV as Decode-and-Forward(DF)relay,whereas the second method utilizes a UAV as a jammer to mitigate eavesdropping attacks for URLLC between transmitter and receiver ***,we present a low-complexity algorithm that outlines the two aforementioned methods of mitigating interception,*** secrecy rate,and we compare them with the benchmark null method in which there is a direct communication link between transmitter and receiver without the UAV DF ***,simulation results show the effectiveness of such methods by improving the secrecy rate and its dependency on UAV height,blocklength,decoding error probability and transmitter-receiver separation ***,we recommend the best method to enhance the secrecy rate in the presence of an eavesdropper based on our simulations.

关键词： URLLC UAV-Assisted communications 6G systems Secrecy rate

An assessment for the viability of recovering heat from a smoke extract system

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Energy and Built Environment 2023年第4期4卷 458-466页

作者： Liam Hancox Siliang Yang Paul Hallam Michael White Saim memon School of Built Environment Engineering and ComputingLeeds Beckett UniversityLeeds LS28AGUnited Kingdom Department of Engineering and Technology University of HuddersfieldHuddersfield HD13DHUnited Kingdom

Over the course of industrial manufacturing,additional heat within the extract systems is usually released into the atmosphere and its intrinsic energy is *** paper investigated a cold abatement smoke extract system for a fire testing wall furnace to determine the viability in recovering heat from the hot *** scenarios were investigated:1)the extract system was closed and only 300°C smoke was present;2)the system took in ambient air around the furnace and heat recovery occurred at 80°C in smoky air;3)the smoke had been removed from the air and the temperature was 60°*** was found that there was a significant build-up of soot on Scenarios 1&2 with a build-up rate of 0.25𝜇m/s which totalled 2.7 mm of soot after a three-hour *** soot had a low heat transfer rate and therefore acted as an insulator on the heat exchanger which reduced the efficiency significantly of it over *** to this loss in efficiency,it was more viable to recover heat in Scenario 3 at 60°C in clean air than it was to recover heat at 300°C or 80°C in smoky *** results show that having clean air was more important than a higher temperature when it came from recovering heat from a cold abatement system for a fire testing *** paper contributes to reveal the possibilities of harnessing the“waste heat”for use in other applications in the vicinity of the manufacturing processes,such as heating water within a central heating plant,domestic hot water or electricity generation,or re-cycled within the industrial plant itself.

关键词： Smoke heat recovery Smoke extract process Heat transfer Soot thermal efficiency

DQN-Based Proactive Trajectory Planning of UAVs in Multi-Access Edge Computing

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 4685-4702页

作者： Adil Khan Jinling Zhang Shabeer Ahmad Saifullah memon Babar Hayat Ahsan Rafiq School of Electronic Engineering Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing100876China State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing100876China Department of Automation Chongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqing400065China

The main aim of future mobile networks is to provide secure,reliable,intelligent,and seamless *** also enables mobile network operators to ensure their customer’s a better quality of service(QoS).Nowadays,Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs)are a significant part of the mobile network due to their continuously growing use in various *** better coverage,cost-effective,and seamless service connectivity and provisioning,UAVs have emerged as the best choice for telco *** can be used as flying base stations,edge servers,and relay nodes in mobile *** the other side,Multi-access EdgeComputing(MEC)technology also emerged in the 5G network to provide a better quality of experience(QoE)to users with different QoS ***,UAVs in a mobile network for coverage enhancement and better QoS face several challenges such as trajectory designing,path planning,optimization,QoS assurance,mobilitymanagement,*** efficient and proactive path planning and optimization in a highly dynamic environment containing buildings and obstacles are ***,an automated Artificial Intelligence(AI)enabled QoSaware solution is needed for trajectory planning and ***,this work introduces a well-designed AI and MEC-enabled architecture for a UAVs-assisted future *** has an efficient Deep Reinforcement Learning(DRL)algorithm for real-time and proactive trajectory planning and *** also fulfills QoS-aware service provisioning.A greedypolicy approach is used to maximize the long-term reward for serving more users *** results reveal the superiority of the proposed DRL mechanism for energy-efficient and QoS-aware trajectory planning over the existing models.

关键词： Multi-access edge computing UAVs trajectory planning QoS assurance reinforcement learning deep Q network

The GEON service-oriented architecture for Earth Science applications

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2009年第S01期2卷 62-78页

作者： Chaitan Baru Sandeep Chandra Kai Lin Ashraf memon Choonhan Youn San Diego Supercomputer Center University of CaliforniaSan Diego9500 Gilman DriveLa JollaCA 92093-0505USA

The Geosciences Network(GEON)project has been developing cyberinfrastructure for data sharing in the Earth Science community based on a serviceoriented *** layered architecture consists of Core,Middleware,and Applications *** services provide system-level functions(*** authentication),Middleware services provide generic capabilities(*** search),and Application services provide functions that users directly interact with,including applications that are specific to Earth *** GEON‘service stack’includes a standardized set of these services and the corresponding software *** GEON Portal provides Web-based access to these services via a set of *** service-oriented approach has enabled GEON to expand to new partner sites and leverage GEON services for other *** facilitate interoperation in a distributed geoinformatics environment,GEON is focusing on standards for distributed search across federated catalogs.

关键词： word geoinformatics service-oriented architecture distributed software systems interoperability

Label-free colorimetric nanosensor with improved sensitivity for Pb^2+ in water by using a truncated 8-17 DNAzyme

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2019年第1期13卷 129-134页

作者： Abdul Ghaffar memon Xiaohong Zhou Yunpeng Xing Ruoyu Wang Lanhua Liu Mohsin Khan Miao He Center for Sensor Tech no logy of Environment and Health State Key Joint Laboratory of ESPC School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Department of Environmental Engineering NED University of Engineering and Technology Karachi 75270. Pakistan

Water pollution accidents, such as the Flint water crisis in the United States, caused by lead contamination have raised concern on the safety of drinking water distribution systems. Thus, the routine monitoring of lead in water is highly required and demands efficient, sensitive, cost-effective, and reliable lead detection methods. This study reports a label-free colorimetric nanosensor that uses unmodified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as indicators to enable rapid and ultra-sensitive detection of lead in environmental water. The 8-17 DNAzyme was truncated in this study to facilitate the detachment of single-stranded DNA fragments after substrate cleavage in the presence of Pb「. The detached fragments were adsorbed over AuNPs and protected against salt concentration-induced aggregation. Accordingly, high Pb^2+ would result in rapid color change from blue to pink. The established sensing principle achieved a sensitive limit of detection of 0.2×10^-9mol/L Pb^2+. with a linear working range of two orders of magnitude from 0.5×10^-9mol/L to 5×10^-9mol/L. The selectivity of the nanosensor was demonstrated by evaluating the interfering metal ions. The developed nanosensor can serve as a substitute for the rapid analysis and monitoring of trace lead levels under the drinking water distribution system and even other environmental water samples.

关键词： Colorimetric nanosensor Truncated 8-17 DNAzyme Pb^2+ detection Unmodified AuNPs

A Machine Learning-Based Attack Detection and Prevention System in Vehicular Named Data Networking

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第11期77卷 1445-1465页

作者： Arif Hussain Magsi Ali Ghulam Saifullah memon Khalid Javeed Musaed Alhussein Imad Rida State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Post and TelecommunicationBeijing100876China Information Technology Center Sindh Agriculture UniversityTandojam70050Pakistan Department of Computer Engineering College of Computing and InformaticsUniversity of SharjahSharjah27272United Arab Emirate Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 51178Riyadh11543Saudi Arabia Laboratory Biomechanics and Bioengineering University of Technology of CompiegneCompiegne60200France

Named Data Networking(NDN)is gaining a significant attention in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks(VANET)due to its in-network content caching,name-based routing,and mobility-supporting ***,existing NDN faces three significant challenges,including security,privacy,and *** particular,security attacks,such as Content Poisoning Attacks(CPA),can jeopardize legitimate vehicles with malicious *** instance,attacker host vehicles can serve consumers with invalid information,which has dire consequences,including road *** such a situation,trust in the content-providing vehicles brings a new *** the other hand,ensuring privacy and preventing unauthorized access in vehicular(VNDN)is another ***,NDN’s pull-based content retrieval mechanism is inefficient for delivering emergency messages in *** this connection,our contribution is *** existing rule-based reputation evaluation,we propose a Machine Learning(ML)-based reputation evaluation mechanism that identifies CPA attackers and legitimate *** on ML evaluation results,vehicles accept or discard served ***,we exploit a decentralized blockchain system to ensure vehicles’privacy by maintaining their information in a secure digital ***,we improve the default routing mechanism of VNDN from pull to a push-based content dissemination using Publish-Subscribe(Pub-Sub)*** implemented and evaluated our ML-based classification model on a publicly accessible BurST-Asutralian dataset for Misbehavior Detection(BurST-ADMA).We used five(05)hybrid ML classifiers,including Logistic Regression,Decision Tree,K-Nearest Neighbors,Random Forest,and Gaussian Naive *** qualitative results indicate that Random Forest has achieved the highest average accuracy rate of 100%.Our proposed research offers the most accurate solution to detect CPA in VNDN for safe,secure,and reliable vehicle communication.

关键词： Named data networking vehicular networks reputation caching machine-learning

Fishery stock assessment of Kiddi shrimp (Parapenaeopsis stylifera) in the Northern Arabian Sea Coast of Pakistan by using surplus production models

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2017年第4期35卷 936-946页

作者： MOHSIN Muhammad 慕永通 memon Aamir Mahmood KALHORO Muhammad Talib SHAH Syed Baber Hussainin College of Fisheries Ocean University of China

Pakistani marine waters are under an open access regime. Due to poor management and policy implications, blind fishing is continued which may result in ecological as well as economic losses. Thus, it is of utmost importance to estimate fishery resources before harvesting. In this study, catch and effort data, 1996-2009, of Kiddi shrimp Parapenaeopsis stylifera fishery from Pakistani marine waters was analyzed by using specialized fishery software in order to know fishery stock status of this commercially important shrimp. Maximum, minimum and average capture production ofP. stylifera was observed as 15 912 metric tons （mr）（1997）, 9 438 mt （2009） and 11 667 mt/a. Two stock assessment tools viz. CEDA （catch and effort data analysis） and ASPIC （a stock production model incorporating covariates） were used to compute MSY （maximum sustainable yield） of this organism. In CEDA, three surplus production models, Fox, Schaefer and Pella-Tomlinson, along with three error assumptions, log, log normal and gamma, were used. For initial proportion （IP） 0.8, the Fox model computed MSY as 6 858 nat （CV=0.204, R^2=0.709） and 7 384 mt （CV=0.149, R^2=0.72） for log and log normal error assumption respectively. Here, gamma error produced minimization failure. Estimated MSY by using Schaefer and Pella-Tomlinson models remained the same for log, log normal and gamma error assumptions i.e. 7 083 mt, 8 209 mt and 7 242 mt correspondingly. The Schafer results showed highest goodness of fit R2 （0.712） values. ASPIC computed MSY, CV, R2, FMsv and BMsv parameters for the Fox model as 7 219 nat, 0.142, 0.872, 0.111 and 65 280, while for the Logistic model the computed values remained 7 720 mt, 0.148, 0.868, 0.107 and 72 110 correspondingly. Results obtained have shown that P. stylifera has been overexploited. Immediate steps are needed to conserve this fishery resource for the future and research on other species of commercial importance is urgently needed.

关键词： stock assessment fishery management Parapenaeopsis stylifera surplus production models Pakistan

Bioinspired Multi-material Polyjet-printed Frog Robot for Synchronous and Asynchronous Swimming

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2023年第3期20卷 923-933页

作者： Afaque Manzoor Soomro Jae-Wook Lee Fida Hussain memon Faheem Ahmed Kashif Hussain Kyung Hyun Choi Department of Mechatronics Engineering Jeju National UniversityJeju63243South Korea Department of Electrical Engineering Sukkur IBA UniversitySukkur65200Pakistan

This paper proposes the bioinspired soft frog robot. All printing technology was used for the fabrication of the robot. Polyjet printing was used to print the front and back limbs, while ultrathin filament was used to print the body of the robot, which makes it a complete soft swimming robot. Dual thrust generation approach has been proposed by embedding the main muscle and antagonistic muscle in all the limbs, which enables it to attain high speed (18 mm/s), significant control to swim in dual mode (synchronous and asynchronous modes). To achieve the swimming motion of frog, four SMA (BMF 300) muscle wires were used. The frog robot is named as (FROBOT). The hind limbs are 60 mm long and 10 mm thick on average, while the front limbs are 35 mm long and 7 mm thick. Model-based design and rigorous analysis of the dynamics of real frogs have allowed FROBOT to be developed to swim at a level that is remarkably consistent with real frogs. Electrical and mechanical characteristics have been performed. In addition, the test data were further processed using TRACKER to analyze angle, displacement and velocity. FROBOT (weighs 65 g) can swim at different controllable frequencies (0.5–2 Hz), can rotate in any direction on command from custom built LabVIEW software allowing it to swim with speed up to 18 mm/s on deep water surface (100 cm) with excellent weight balance.

关键词： Bioinspired Soft robotics Frog FROBOT Asynchronous swimming

General election effect on the network topology of Pakistan’s stock market: network-based study of a political event

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Financial Innovation 2020年第1期6卷 42-55页

作者： Bilal Ahmed memon Hongxing Yao Rabia Tahir School of Finance and Economics Jiangsu University01 Xuefu RoadZhenjiang 212013JiangsuChina School of Computer Science Jiangsu universityZhenjiang 212013China

To examine the interdependency and evolution of Pakistan’s stock market,we consider the cross-correlation coefficients of daily stock returns belonging to the blue chip Karachi stock exchange(KSE-100)*** the minimum spanning tree network-based method,we extend the financial network literature by examining the topological properties of the network and generating six minimum spanning tree networks around three general elections in *** results reveal a star-like structure after the general elections of 2018 and before those in 2008,and a tree-like structure *** also highlight key nodes,the presence of different clusters,and compare the differences between the three ***,the sectorial centrality measures reveal economic expansion in three industrial sectors—cement,oil and gas,and ***,a strong overall intermediary role of the fertilizer sector is *** results indicate a structural change in the stock market network due to general ***,through this analysis,policy makers can focus on monitoring key nodes around general elections to estimate stock market stability,while local and international investors can form optimal diversification strategies.

关键词： Minimum spanning tree Centrality measures General elections Emerging market Pakistan Stock market network