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Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) Practices to Establish a Pluralistic Society: Study of Madīnah Charter in Contemporary Global Context

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Cultural and Religious Studies 2018年第9期6卷 548-560页

作者： riaz Ahmad Saeed Sumayyah Rafique Naseem Akhter Zahid Lateef Abu Bakar Bhutta Hafiz Muhammad Naeem The National University of Modern Languages (NUML) Islamabad Pakistan Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University Peshawar Pakistan University of Engineering & Technology Lahore Pakistan National University of Modern Languages( NUML) Islamabad Pakistan Governmnet College University Lahore Pakistan

This study explores the practices of the Holy Prophet Muhammad ■ to establish a peaceful and diverse society with special reference to Methāq-e-Madīnah and its significance and application in contemporary socio-political context. Theoretically, the effort and dream to establish a peaceful and diverse society have been a matter of concern for the humanity from the ancient times. But it has become the most significant and burning issue of the contemporary global scenario. Ultimately, the human intellectual and physical development is based upon peace and peaceful coexistence. Therefore, a number of religious and socio-political scholars have been tried to establish a peaceful and diverse society in different phases of the human history. Practically, the Prophet Muhammad (■ )has made a unique and distinct contribution towards developing a peaceful and diverse society for 1,400 years ago, though he led or had been the part of multiethnic society of different faiths in the state of Madīnah. In order to establish a peaceful and pleasant relationship between Muslims and other communities of Madīnah, an agreement was signed which was titled Methāq-e-Madīnah. The Charter of Madīnah contained certain principles and regulations that are mandatory for a peaceful living in a diverse state or society. This charter is an excellent model for peace, prosperity, religious freedom, and human rights in the human history. According to this charter, all groups were free to exercise their religious beliefs and social and economic interests. According to this agreement, Madīnah was declared a federal capital of the state. This agreement had provided equal rights, religious autonomy, and socio-cultural freedom to all other groups of the Madīnah (Jews, Christians, and polytheists). Therefore, it is perceived that the Charter of Madīnah may become a preamble for peaceful coexistence in this multicultural and multipath world of the contemporary era. In this study, analytical research methodolo

关键词： prophet approach peaceful and diverse society Methāq-e-Madīnah modern era

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Dielectric Properties of Multi-Layers Hexagonal Boron Nitride

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2020年第6期11卷 339-346页

作者： M. Fazail Khalid Ibtisam riaz Rashid Jalil Usamah Mahmood Rehan Rahat Mir Hafiz Amir Sohail Department of Physics University of Engineering and Technology Lahore Pakistan Centre of Excellence in Solid State Physics University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan

A higher value of the dielectric constant of h-BN makes it quite favourable material in energy storing device. The variation in dielectric constant was observed as a function of thickness. In this research work multilayers of Hexagonal Boron Nitride (h-BN) was fabricated by using the Chemical exfoliation method. Two solvents Dimethylformamide (DMF) and Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA) were used for the exfoliation of h-BN. Successful sonication of hexagonal boron nitride led to the formation of Boron Nitride nanosheets (BNNs). The stable dispersibility of h-BN in Dimethylformamide and Isopropyl Alcohol was confirmed by UV Visible Spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirm the mono crystallite structure (002) and nanoflakes like morphology of h-BN respectively. This appropriate strategy offered a feasible route to produce multilayer of hexagonal boron nitride. After the successful fabrication of h-BN multilayers its dielectric properties were calculated by using LCR meter. Profilometer revealed the variation in thickness and value of Dielectric constant was calculated by using its formula.

关键词： Hexagonal Boron Nitride (h-BN) Boron Nitride Nanosheets (BNNs) Dimethylformamide (DMF) Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA)

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Numerical Investigations on Supercritical Heat Transfer Characteristics of Environmental Friendly Refrigerants

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International Journal of Clean Coal and Energy 2021年第2期10卷 21-40页

作者： Adnan Ibrahim Peng Hu Yiran Jiang Ali riaz Farrukh Saleem Yifang Dong Lei Jia Panpan Zhao Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China Department of Mechanical Engineering Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences Islamabad Pakistan School of Engineering Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China Hefei General Machinery Research Institute Co. Ltd. Hefei China

The heat transfer of supercritical fluids is a vastly growing field, specifically to find suitable alternatives to replace conventional R134a, which can be beneficial for climate change. Most of the experimental and numerical investigations have been conducted to explore supercritical water, carbon dioxide and R134a as heat transfer working fluids. Hydrofluoroolefin (HFO) and refrigerants blends have been considered the most environment-friendly refrigerants to replace Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), Hydrochlorofluoro-carbons (HCFCs) and Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). Their main advantage of zero Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) and comparatively lower Global Warming Potential (GWP) have attracted growing amount of attention to mitigate environmental issues. This work adopts the computational method and takes the environmentally friendly refrigerants to investigate the heat transfer characteristics under widely used shear-stress transport (SST) model. A comprehensive comparison was performed at reduced pressure of 1.10 for supercritical fluids R515A, R1234ze(E) and R134a. The peaks of heat transfer coefficient occurred in the vicinity of pseudo critical temperature for all of these considered fluids;however, R134a resulted in higher heat transfer coefficient, Reynolds number and Prandtl number in comparison with R515A and R1234ze(E). The higher heat transfer coefficient of supercritical fluid R134a is owing to its thermophysical properties and the specific heat plays crucial role in the heat transfer of supercritical fluids. Owing to environmental issues, R515A can be a considerable replacement of R134a. R1234ze(E) is also promising alternative to R134a;however, safety issues should thoroughly concern its mild flammable characteristics.

关键词： Heat Transfer Supercritical Fluids Simulations R515A R1234ze(E) Environmental Friendly Refrigerants

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河北涞源祁家峪剖面寒武系层序地层划分

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大庆石油地质与开发 2017年第6期36卷 16-25页

作者：肖恩照隋明园覃英伦 Khalid Latif Muhammad riaz 王皓中国地质大学地球科学与资源学院北京100083 大庆油田有限责任公司第一采油厂黑龙江大庆163001 中国地质调查局油气资源调查中心北京100083 National Centre of Excellence in Geology University of Peshawarpakistan25130

河北涞源祁家峪剖面寒武系出露连续,层序界面清楚且沉积现象丰富,是进行华北地台寒武系层序划分的较为典型的剖面之一。在新的寒武系年代地层框架下,依据地层的叠置形式、纵向上的沉积相变化及其内部的旋回特征,将该剖面寒武系划分为8... 详细信息

河北涞源祁家峪剖面寒武系出露连续,层序界面清楚且沉积现象丰富,是进行华北地台寒武系层序划分的较为典型的剖面之一。在新的寒武系年代地层框架下,依据地层的叠置形式、纵向上的沉积相变化及其内部的旋回特征,将该剖面寒武系划分为8个三级层序。结果表明:研究区域从馒头组、毛庄组的"TST+HST"沉积序列转变为"CS+HST"的淹没不整合型层序序列,反映出从混积潮坪沉积序列向缓坡型碳酸盐台地的演化过程,也意味着华北地台寒武系碳酸盐台地从发展阶段向成熟阶段的重大转变;该剖面芙蓉统内部的竹叶状灰岩与长山组顶部、凤山组第1个三级层序顶部发育的均一石生物丘代表了华北地台寒武系末期"贫乏骨骼的风暴海"以及"随着后生动物辐射,微生物碳酸盐岩也在增加"两大特殊沉积现象较为典型的沉积样式。基于层序地层框架内的沉积相叠加方式和地层记录中旋回特征的描述,对河北涞源祁家峪剖面进行层序地层划分,将为探索华北地台在太行山北缘广泛分布的寒武系提供参考实例,也为今后更大区域范围的对比研究提供线索。

关键词：寒武系层序地层祁家峪剖面淹没不整合

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Modified lower eyelid blepharoplasty improves aesthetic outcomes in patients with hypoplastic malar prominences

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2017年第12期4卷 228-235页

作者： Muhammad Adil Abbas Khan Kanza Aziz Ammar Asrar Javed Mark Gorman Diaa Othman Muhammad riaz Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Castle Hill HospitalHull HU16 5JQUK Department of Ophthalmology The Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21287USA Department of Surgery The Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21287USA

Aim: Aging affects the appearance of the eyelids and the surrounding malar region. Blepharoplasty improves the aesthetic appearance of this region, and multiple variants of the procedure have been reported. We here report our technique for modified lower lid blepharoplasty and cheek lift for patients with hypoplastic malar regions, which was introduced after observing prominent lower orbital rims in patients with flat malar prominences after blepharoplasty. Methods: This technique combines standard canthopexy and cheek-lift for rejuvenation of the mid-face with redraping of orbital fat and concurrent sub orbicularis oculi fat pad (SOOF) lift to 'double-breast' the lower orbital margin. Data on 33 patients who had undergone this modified lower lid blepharoplasty was collected retrospectively. Results: Thirty-three patients underwent the modified lower lid blepharoplasty resulting in smooth and youthful appearance of the malar region that was consistent and sustained. No recurrence of V-deformity was observed on a median follow-up of 14 months. twenty-two (66.6%) and 11 (33.3%) patients were pleased and satisfied with postoperative outcomes respectively. Three (9.1%) patients experienced minor postoperative complications and no major complication was observed. Conclusion: The proposed modified lower lid blepharoplasty is a safe and effective alternative to the existing technique with improved aesthetic outcomes and therefore is recommended in patients with flat malar prominences.

关键词： Blepharoplasty malar complex lower eye lid modified blepharoplasty

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Agricultural Exports Competitiveness of Pakistan in Global Market

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Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition) 2018年第2期25卷 77-87页

作者： Majid Lateef Tong Guang-ji Muhammad Usman riaz Mazhir Nadeem Ishaq Muhammad Abdullah Zeeshan Ahmad College of Economics and Management Northeast Forestry University School of Management Harbin University of Science and Technology College of Economics and Management Northeast Agricultural University Department of Business Administration University of Sargodha Lyallpur Campus Department of Business Administration Air University Multan Campus

Agricultural sector is a major source of employment and export earnings for Pakistan. Exports of Pakistan are highly concentrated in agricultural products including cotton, rice, sugar and fruit. This study analyzed comparative and competitive advantages of the main agricultural products of Pakistan, i.e. cotton, rice and tangerines. Consumption patterns of top exporting countries in each category were also analyzed. Results revealed that Pakistan had strong competitiveness for export of these commodities. Strong potential for growth in the agricultural sector of Pakistan was found and it could be optimized to raise export earnings and meet the objectives of the strategic trade policy framework （STPF） 2015-2018 of Pakistan.

关键词： agricultural trade comparative advantage competitiveness export Pakistan

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Thermophysical Properties and Supercritical Heat Transfer Characteristics of R515A

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Natural Science 2021年第6期13卷 218-234页

作者： Adnan Ibrahim Peng Hu Yiran Jiang Farrukh Saleem Ali riaz Yifang Dong Lei Jia Panpan Zhao Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China School of Engineering Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China Department of Mechanical Engineering Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences Islamabad Pakistan Hefei General Machinery Research Institute Co. Ltd. Hefei China

The heat transfer of supercritical fluids is a vastly growing field, specifically to find suitable alternative to replace conventional R134a, which can be beneficial for climate change. A considerable suggestion is R515A which possesses considerably lower global warming potential. The present simulations are designed to study supercritical fluid R515A under cooling conditions in horizontal position. The effect of pressure, mass flux, heat flux and tube diameter were considered for horizontal tube in the vicinity of pseudo critical temperature. Numerical investigations on heat transfer characteristics of supercritical fluid R515A were performed using widely used shear-stress transport (SST) model. Moreover, heat transfer correlations were developed and suggested to accurately predict Nusselt number within 10% accuracy. The simulation results showed about 3.98% average absolute deviation.

关键词： Environmental Friendly Refrigerant Supercritical Fluid R515A Simulations Heat Transfer Correlations Shear-Stress Transport (SST) Model

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Seimatoric acid and colletonoic acid:Two new compounds from the endophytic fungi,Seimatosporium *** Colletotrichum sp.

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2014年第12期25卷 1577-1579页

作者： Hidayat Hussain Natalia Root Farah Jabeen Ahmed Al-Harrasi Ahmed Al-Rawahi Manzoor Ahmad Zahid Hassan Ghulam Abbas Fazal Mabood Afzal Shah Amin Badshah Amjad Khan riaz Ahmad Ivan R.Green Siegfried Draeger Barbara Schulz Karsten Krohn Department of Chemistry University of PaderbornWarburger Strasse 100Paderborn 33098Germany UoN Chair of Oman's Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products University of NizwaP.O.Box 33Postal Code 616Birkat Al MauzNizwaOman Department of Chemistry University of MalakandChakdaraDir(L)Pakistan Department of Chemistry CIITAbbottabad CampusAbbottabad 22060Pakistan Department of Chemistry Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad 45320Pakistan Department of Biotechnology Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad 45320Pakistan Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science University of StellenboschP/Bag X1Matieland 7602South Africa Institute of Microbiology University of BraunschweigSpielmannstraβe 7Braunschweig 38106Germany

A new metabolite,named seimatoric acid（1）,representing a new oxobutanoic acid derivative has been isolated from Seimatosporium sp., in addition to four known compounds viz.,2-hydroxymethyl-4β,5α,6β-trihydroxycyclohex-2-enone（2）,（-）-phyllostine（3）,（＋）-epiepoxydon（4） and（＋）-epoxydon monoacetate（5）.Similarly one new benzoic acid derivative,named colletonoic acid（6） was isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of Colletotrichum *** structures of the new compounds were elucidated by detailed ^1 H NMR,^13C NMR,COSY,*** spectroscopic analysis,and *** acid（1）was also isolated from another taxonomical unidentified fungal strain 4295 in *** structures of the known compounds were elucidated by their spectral data comparison to literature *** studies showed that colletonoic acid（6） showed good antibacterial,antifungal,and antialgal activities.

关键词： Seimatosporium sp. Colletotrichum sp. Activity Natural product

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Giant chiro-optical responses in multipolar-resonances-based single-layer dielectric metasurfaces

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Photonics Research 2021年第9期9卷 1667-1674页

作者： HAFIZ SAAD KHALIQ INKI KIM AIMA ZAHID JOOHOON KIM TAEJUN LEE TREVON BADLOE YESEUL KIM MUHAMMAD ZUBAIR KASHIF riaz MUHAMMAD QASIM MEHMOOD JUNSUK RHO NanoTech Lab Department of Electrical EngineeringInformation Technology University(ITU)of the PunjabLahore 54600Pakistan Department of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea Department of Chemical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea POSCO-POSTECH-RIST Convergence Research Center for Flat Optics and Metaphotonics Pohang 37673Republic of Korea National Institute of Nanomaterials Technology(NINT) Pohang 37673Republic of Korea

Chiro-optical effects offer a wide range of potential applications in nanophotonics,such as advanced imaging and molecular sensing and *** single-layer metasurfaces composed of subwavelength meta-atoms have gained significant attention due to their exceptional characteristics in light–matter *** metasurface-based devices have manipulated electromagnetic waves,the compact on-chip realization of giant chiro-optical effects remains a challenge at optical *** this work,we experimentally and numerically demonstrate an all-dielectric metasurface to realize large chiro-optical effects in the visible ***,the proposed strategy of utilizing achiral nanofins instead of conventional chiral structures provides an extra degree of design *** mutual coupling between carefully engineered nanofins produces constructive and destructive interference,leading to the asymmetric transmission of 70%and average circular dichroism exceeding 60%.We investigate the underlying mechanism behind the chiro-optical effects using the theory of multipolar *** proposed design mechanism maximizes the chiro-optical response through a single-layer metasurface with potential applications in high-efficiency integrated ultrathin polarization rotators and shapers,chiral polarizers for optical displays,chiral beam splitters,and chiral sensors.

关键词： chiral dielectric polar

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吕梁山东北缘寒武系层序地层划分--以文水苍尔会剖面为例

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东北石油大学学报 2017年第5期41卷 43-53页

作者：肖恩照覃英伦 Muhammad riaz Khalid Latif 姚琳王皓中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院北京100083 中国地质调查局油气资源调查中心北京100083 National Centre of Excellencein Geology University of Peshawar Pakistan 25130

为研究山西吕梁山地区寒武纪地层的地层学与沉积学问题,根据山西文水苍尔会剖面寒武系地层叠置关系,将该剖面寒武系地层划分为8个三级层序。基于沉积相的变化规律和地层叠置关系的旋回性研究结果,苍尔会剖面存在两个特殊的地层学与沉积... 详细信息

为研究山西吕梁山地区寒武纪地层的地层学与沉积学问题,根据山西文水苍尔会剖面寒武系地层叠置关系,将该剖面寒武系地层划分为8个三级层序。基于沉积相的变化规律和地层叠置关系的旋回性研究结果,苍尔会剖面存在两个特殊的地层学与沉积学现象:下部为霍山组砂岩直接覆盖在太古宙变质岩系上,其较为良好的出露与明显的地层接触关系,为探讨山西中部霍山组砂岩的地层归属问题提供依据;在该剖面崮山组、长山组、凤山组中分别发育不同的均一石生物丘,代表华北地台寒武纪晚期—奥陶纪中期"随着后生动物辐射,微生物碳酸盐也在增加"微生物碳酸盐复苏期的基本沉积样式。在新的寒武纪年代地层框架下,对山西文水苍尔会剖面进行层序地层划分,不但为研究华北寒武系生物丘沉积组构多样性提供参考实例,同时也为探讨山西中部地区前寒武—寒武巨大的古地理变迁提供实例。

关键词：寒武系层序地层霍山砂岩淹没不整合生物丘苍尔会剖面

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