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A tumor-associated heparan sulfate-related glycosaminoglycan promotes the generation of functional regulatory T cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第12期20卷 1499-1512页

作者： Leticia Martín-Cruz Marcos Viñuela Ioanna Kalograiaki Alba Angelina Paola Oquist-Phillips irene real-arévalo Francisco Javier Cañada JoséIgnacio Tudela Luis Moltó Jesús Moreno-Sierra JoséLuis Subiza Oscar Palomares Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of ChemistryComplutense University of MadridMadridSpain Inmunotek Alcaláde HenaresMadridSpain Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico San Carlos Martin Lagos s/n28040MadridSpain Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas CSICRamiro de Maetzu 928040MadridSpain CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias(CIBERES)Avda Monforte de Lemos3-528029MadridSpain Servicio de Urología Hospital Clínico San CarlosUniversidad Complutense de MadridMartín Lagos s/n28040MadridSpain

Functional Tregs play a key role in tumor development and progression,representing a major barrier to anticancer *** mechanisms by which Tregs are generated in cancer and the influence of the tumor microenvironment on these processes remain incompletely ***,by using NMR,chemoenzymatic structural assays and a plethora of in vitro and in vivo functional analyses,we demonstrate that the tumoral carbohydrate A10(Ca10),a cell-surface carbohydrate derived from Ehrlich’s tumor(ET)cells,is a heparan sulfate-related proteoglycan that enhances glycolysis and promotes the development of tolerogenic features in human ***10-stimulated human DCs generate highly suppressive Tregs by mechanisms partially dependent on metabolic reprogramming,PD-L1,IL-10,and ***10 also reprograms the differentiation of human monocytes into DCs with tolerogenic *** solid ET-bearing mice,we found positive correlations between Ca10 serum levels,tumor size and splenic Treg *** of isolated Ca10 also increases the proportion of splenic Tregs in tumor-free ***,we provide evidence supporting the presence of a circulating human Ca10 counterpart(Ca10H)and show,for the first time,that serum levels of Ca10H are increased in patients suffering from different cancer types compared to healthy *** note,these levels are higher in prostate cancer patients with bone metastases than in prostate cancer patients without ***,we reveal novel molecular mechanisms by which heparan sulfate-related structures associated with tumor cells promote the generation of functional Tregs in *** discovery of this novel structural-functional relationship may open new avenues of research with important clinical implications in cancer treatment.

关键词： Tumoral carbohydrate A10 Heparan sulfate-related proteoglycan Cancer immunology Dendritic cell Regulatory T cell

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Reassessing the AMPK-MTORC1 balance in autophagy in the central nervous system

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3209-3210页

作者： Marta García-Juan Mario Villa irene Benito-Cuesta Lara Ordónez-Gutiérrez Francisco Wandosell Centro de Biología Molecular“Severo Ochoa”(CSIC-UAM) Nicolas Cabrera 1Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain Fisiología Animal Departamento de BiologíaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain Department of Clinical Neuroscience CMM Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset SolnaStockholmSweden Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular Universidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas(CIBERNED) MadridSpain

Autophagy is a cellular degradation and recycling system,indispensable for cellular and organ development,homeostasis,and *** cellular process is evolutionarily highly conserved to quality control of many proteins and dysfunctional organelles,which finally recycle components as amino *** process is effective during normal physiology as part of anabolism and plays an additional important role during starvation(Dikic and Elazar,2018).Different types of autophagy have been chara cterized based on their dynamic,mechanism of action,target substrates,and protein *** of them are macroautophagy(hereafter called"autophagy"),microa utophagy,and chape rone-media ted autophagy(Fleming et al.,2022).

关键词： homeostasis system hereafter

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Derailment risk and dynamics of railway vehicles in curved tracks： Analysis of the effect of failed fasteners

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Journal of Modern Transportation 2016年第1期24卷 38-47页

作者： Silvia Morales-Ivorra Julia irene real Cesar Hernandez Laura Montalbain University Institute for Multidisciplinary Mathematics Polytechnic University of Valencia 46022 Valencia Spain

The effect of the fastener＇s failure in a railway track on the dynamic forces produced in the wheel-rail contact is studied using the simulation software VAMPIRE to assess the derailment risk of two different vehicles in two curves with distinct characteristics. First, a 3D-FEM model of a real track is constructed, paying special attention to fasteners, and calibrated with displacement data obtained experimentally during a train passage. This numerical model is subsequently used to determine the track vertical and lateral stiffness. This study evidences that although the track can practically lose its lateral stiffness as a consequence of the failure of 7 consecutive fasteners, the vehicle stability would not be necessarily compromised in the flawed zone. Moreover, the results reveal that the uncompensated acceleration and the distance along which the fasteners are failed play an important role in the dynamic behavior of the vehicle-track system, influencing strongly the risk of derailment.

关键词： Railway dynamics Fasteners Derailment Curved track

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Development of a vehicle-track interaction model to predict the vibratory benefits of rail grinding in the time domain

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Journal of Modern Transportation 2015年第3期23卷 189-201页

作者： Julia irene real Clara Zamorano José Luis Velarte Antonio Enrique Blanco University Institute for Multidisciplinary Mathematics Polytechnic University of Valencia Foundation for the Research and Engineering in Railways

Imperfections in the wheel-rail contact are one of the main sources of generation of railway vibrations. Consequently, it is essential to take expensive corrective maintenance measures, the results of which may be unknown. In order to assess the effectiveness of these measures, this paper develops a vehicle-track interaction model in the time domain of a curved track with presence of rail corrugation on the inner rail. To characterize the behavior of the track, a numerical finite element model is developed using ANSYS software, while the behavior of the vehicle is characterized by a unidirectional model of two masses developed with VAMPIRE PRO software. The overloads obtained with the dynamic model are applied to the numerical model and then, the vibrational response of the track is obtained. Results are validated with real data and used to assess the effectiveness of rail grinding in the reduction of wheel-rail forces and the vibration generation phenomenon.

关键词： Corrugation · Dynamic overloads · Finiteelement method · Vibrations

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Embryo-to-lamella transition of grain boundary twins in magnesium

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第12期11卷 4485-4497页

作者： Mariyappan arul Kumar irene J Beyerlein Materials Science and Technology Division Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM 87545USA Mechanical Engineering Department Materials DepartmentUniversity of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCA 93106USA

A combined experimental and computational analysis is performed to investigate the less commonly studied embryo-to-lamella transition of deformation twins in magnesium. This work aims to understand the structural variables controlling the embryo-to-lamella transition from grain boundaries. Statistical analysis of hundreds of early-stage twins in the lightly deformed microstructure reveals a prevailing wedge shape,with a much thicker base along the grain boundary(GB) where they originate and a thinner tip terminating in the crystal. The analysis also shows that the GB base is super thick and identifies a minimum GB twin thickness among all early-stage twins that is about one micron. A crystal plasticity-based full-field model is employed to calculate the driving forces to migrate the boundary of a three-dimensional GB twin embryo. The stress analysis, considering a full range of embryo shapes and neighboring grain orientations, indicate that the twin embryo is most likely going to form a wedge shape when it first propagates. The calculations predict that the thickness of the embryo at the GB needs to be significantly larger than its length into the crystal in order to propagate into the crystal. The analysis finds that the more aligned the twin embryo variant is with basal slip in the neighboring grain, the thinner the twin embryo needed for propagation.

关键词： Magnesium Twin embryo Crystal plasticity Nucleation Grain neighbor

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Pollen Tube Growth: a Delicate Equilibrium Between Secretory and Endocytic Pathways

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2009年第8期51卷 727-739页

作者： Alessandra Moscatelli Aurora irene Idilli Dipartimento di Biologia L. Gorini Università degli Studi di MilanoVia Celoria 26 20133 Milano Italy

Although pollen tube growth is a prerequisite for higher plant fertilization and seed production, the processes leading to pollen tube emission and elongation are crucial for understanding the basic mechanisms of tip growth. It was generally accepted that pollen tube elongation occurs by accumulation and fusion of Golgi-derived secretory vesicles （SVs） in the apical region, or clear zone, where they were thought to fuse with a restricted area of the apical plasma membrane （PM）, defining the apical growth domain. Fusion of SVs at the tip reverses outside cell wall material and provides new segments of PM. However, electron microscopy studies have clearly shown that the PM incorporated at the tip greatly exceeds elongation and a mechanism of PM retrieval was already postulated in the mid-nineteenth century. Recent studies on endocytosis during pollen tube growth showed that different endocytic pathways occurred in distinct zones of the tube, including the apex, and led to a new hypothesis to explain vesicle accumulation at the tip; namely, that endocytic vesicles contribute substantially to V-shaped vesicle accumulation in addition to SVs and that exocytosis does not involve the entire apical domain. New insights suggested the intriguing hypothesis that modulation between exo- and endocytosis in the apex contributes to maintain PM polarity in terms of lipid/protein composition and showed distinct degradation pathways that could have different functions in the physiology of the cell. Pollen tube growth in vivo is closely regulated by interaction with style molecules. The study of endocytosis and membrane recycling in pollen tubes opens new perspectives to studying pollen tube-style interactions in vivo.

关键词： endocytosis exocytosis membrane recycling polarized growth pollen tube

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Efficient Algorithms for Approximating Particular Solutions of Elliptic Equations Using Chebyshev Polynomials

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Communications in Computational Physics 2007年第3期2卷 501-521页

作者： Andreas Karageorghis irene Kyza Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of CyprusP.O.Box 205371678 NicosiaCyprus Department of Mathematics University of CreteP.O.Box 2208GR-71409 HeraklionGreece.

In this paper,we propose efficient algorithms for approximating particular solutions of second and fourth order elliptic *** approximation of the particular solution by a truncated series of Chebyshev polynomials and the satisfaction of the differential equation lead to upper triangular block systems,each block being an upper triangular *** systems can be solved efficiently by standard *** numerical examples are presented for each case.

关键词： Chebyshev polynomials Poisson equation biharmonic equation method of particular solutions.

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Energy balance model to assess the resistance of ballistic protection materials

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2023年第12期30卷 141-153页

作者： Bogdan Stirbu irene Ndindabahizi Tom Vancaeyzeele Cyril Robbe Department of Weapon Systems and Ballistics Royal Military AcademyBrussels 1000Belgium

NATO standards"AEP-2920 Procedures for the Evaluation and Classification of Personal armor"and NIJ Standard-0101.06,indicate the method to statistically assess the resistance of personal ballistic protection *** be validated and accepted through these procedures,a personal ballistic protection material should withstand an impact of a specific projectile with a probability of a partial penetration confidence level higher than 90%.The present study introduces an energy equilibrium method to assess the confidence level for the probability of partial penetration of ductile and brittle *** experiments performed in the Ballistics laboratory of the Royal Military Academy in Belgium,use a modified pendulum method that allowed the quantification of the energy balance before and after the ballistic *** results were then compared with the ones obtained using the method specified by the NATO standard and NIJ 0101.06,mentioned *** outcome of this comparison shows the tendency of the values obtained by the pendulum method to faithfully follow the values obtained according to NATO and NIJ *** presented method is not based on statistical estimations,but instead,an exact method,of computing the energy absorbed by the tested *** is an advantage for the cases when the material to be evaluated is expensive or it is in the development phase and mass production is not possible.

关键词： Energy NATO Ballistic Protection materials Statistics NIJ Bootstrapping

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An automated water dispensing system for controlling fires in coal yards

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2022年第2期9卷 220-228页

作者： Jeevan Jayasuriya irene Moser Ravi de Mel University of Sri Jayewardenepura GangodawilaNugegodaSri Lanka Swinburne University of Technology MelbourneVICAustralia

In spite of recent moves to wean the world of fossil fuels,coal remains the main source of power in many *** yards are prone to spontaneous ignition,a problem faced in every country that stores or transports *** on the environment-temperature,ventilation,and the rank of the coal-heating and self-ignition can be a longer or shorter process,but the possibility can never be entirely dismissed.A plethora of studies have modelled this oxidation behavior and proposed *** often,human intervention is necessary,which is both slow and dangerous for the frefghters *** this study,we propose to build a complete frefghting solution which is mounted on a number of towers sufcient to cover the area of an open coal yard,complete with *** tower includes an inexpensive infrared detector,a water dispenser and a controller programmed to identify areas of elevated temperature,and actuate the *** heat direction algorithm calculates the parameters to position the water dispenser so that it covers the area.A prototype has been built from inexpensive components to demonstrate the efectiveness at detecting and extinguishing arising fres,and a solution has been costed for the coal yard in the case *** work has been conducted in collaboration with the managers of the coal yard of a power plant.

关键词： Coal yard fre Fire detection Internet of things Spontaneous combustion detection Infrared heat detection

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Interface-facilitated stable plasticity in ultra-fine layered FeAl/FeAl_(2) micro-pillar at high temperature

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第14期73卷 61-65页

作者： Lulu Li irene J.Beyerlein Weizhong Han Center for Advancing Materials Performance from the Nanoscale State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China Department of Mechanical Engineering Materials DepartmentUniversity of CaliforniaSanta Barbara.CA.93106-5070USA

Fe-Al compounds possess a combination of high strength and corrosion resistance at high ***,increasing Al content to make them lighter results in ***,we investigate the high-temperature behavior of a novel,lightweight,ultra-fine-layered FeAl/FeAl_(2) *** report a transition from unstable to stable plasticity at 450℃.Below 450℃,deformation is dominated by localized shear deformation within the soft FeAl layers,while above 450℃,it proceeds by co-deformation between Fe Al and the brittle FeAl_(2) *** show that co-deformation is associated with the temperature at which the interface converts from sliding to sourcing dislocations for Fe Al_(2).

关键词： Fe-Al alloy Compression High-temperature Interface Dislocation

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