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Promotion of structural plasticity in area V2 of visual cortex prevents against object recognition memory deficits in aging and Alzheimer's disease rodents

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1835-1841页

作者： irene Navarro-Lobato Mariam Masmudi-Martín Manuel F.López-Aranda Juan F.López-Téllez Gloria Delgado Pablo Granados-Durán Celia Gaona-Romero Marta carretero-Rey Sinforiano Posadas María E.Quiros-Ortega Zafar U.Khan Laboratory of Neurobiology Centro de Investigaciones Médico Sanitarias(CIMES)University of MalagaMalagaSpain Department of Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MalagaMalagaSpain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas(CIBERNED) Institute of Health Carlos IIIMadridSpain the Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour Radboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands the Brain Metastasis Group National Cancer Research Centre(CNIO)MadridSpain the Department of Neurobiology University of California-Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA

Memory deficit,which is often associated with aging and many psychiatric,neurological,and neurodegenerative diseases,has been a challenging issue for treatment.Up till now,all potential drug candidates have failed to produce satisfa ctory effects.Therefore,in the search for a solution,we found that a treatment with the gene corresponding to the RGS14414protein in visual area V2,a brain area connected with brain circuits of the ventral stream and the medial temporal lobe,which is crucial for object recognition memory(ORM),can induce enhancement of ORM.In this study,we demonstrated that the same treatment with RGS14414in visual area V2,which is relatively unaffected in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer s disease,produced longlasting enhancement of ORM in young animals and prevent ORM deficits in rodent models of aging and Alzheimer’s disease.Furthermore,we found that the prevention of memory deficits was mediated through the upregulation of neuronal arbo rization and spine density,as well as an increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF).A knockdown of BDNF gene in RGS14414-treated aging rats and Alzheimer s disease model mice caused complete loss in the upregulation of neuronal structural plasticity and in the prevention of ORM deficits.These findings suggest that BDNF-mediated neuronal structural plasticity in area V2 is crucial in the prevention of memory deficits in RGS14414-treated rodent models of aging and Alzheimer’s disease.Therefore,our findings of RGS14414gene-mediated activation of neuronal circuits in visual area V2 have therapeutic relevance in the treatment of memory deficits.

关键词： behavioral performance brain-derived neurotrophic factor cognitive dysfunction episodic memory memory circuit activation memory deficits memory enhancement object recognition memory prevention of memory loss regulator of G protein signaling

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Using intersectional gender analysis to identify challenges in tuberculosis care at four health care facilities in Uganda

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 91-91页

作者： Winters Muttamba Samson Omongot irene Najingo Roseline Nuwarinda Esther Buregyeya Mariam Otmani del barrio Rosemary Morgan Bruce Kirenga Sarah Ssali Makerere University Lung Institute Makerere University Kampala Uganda Division of Infection and Global Health School of Medicine University of St Andrews St. Andrews UK Infectious Disease Institute Makerere University Kampala Uganda School of Public Health Makerere University Kampala Uganda UNICEF UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR) World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD USA School of Women and Gender Studies Makerere University Kampala Uganda

Background Tuberculosis(TB)care could be considered as a continuum from symptom recognition,decision to seek care,diagnosis,treatment initiation and treatment completion,with care along the continuum influenced by several factors.Gender dimensions could influence TB care,and indeed,more men than women are diagnosed with TB each year.The study was done to identify social stratifiers that intersect with gender to influence TB care.Methods A cross-sectional qualitative study was done at four health facilities in 3 districts in central Uganda between October 2020 and December 2020.Data was collected from patients seeking a diagnosis or on TB treat-ment through focus group discussions and key informant interviews.Key themes around gender guided by a gender and intersectionality lens were developed and thereafter thematic content analysis was done.Results Women have increased vulnerability to TB due to bio mass exposure through roles like cooking.Women have increased access to health care services as they interface with the health care system frequently given their role as child bearers and child care givers.Men have a duty to provide for their families and this most often is prioritised over healthcare seeking,and together with belief that they are powerful beings leads to poor healthcare seeking hab-its and delays in healthcare seeking.Decisions on when and where to seek care were not straightforward for women,who most often rely on their husbands/partners to make decisions.Conclusions Men and women experience challenges to TB care,and that these challenges are deeply rooted in roles assigned to them and further compounded by masculinity.These challenges need to be addressed through intersec-tional gender responsive interventions if TB control is to be improved.

关键词： Tuberculosis Gender Intersectionality Masculinity

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Targeted NGS analysis reveals a complex genetic background of idiopathic erythrocytosis in a large Venetian family

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第2期11卷 561-563页

作者： Bertozzi irene Benetti Andrea Regazzo Daniela Polese Francesca Biagetti Giacomo Ceolotto Giulio Randi Maria Luigia First Medical Clinic University of Padua Department of Medicine – DIMEDVia Giustiniani 2Padova 35123Italy Transfusion Medicine Department Ospedale dell'Angelo - Venezia MestreVia Paccagnella 1Venice 30174Italy Emergency Medicine University of Padua Department of Medicine – DIMEDVia Giustiniani 2Padova 35123Italy

Absolute erythrocytosis,due to an increased production of red blood cells,becomes manifest with hemoglobin(Hb)levels above 165 or 160 g/L or with a hematocrit(HCT)above 51%and 48%in males and females,respectively.1 A minority of patients have polycythemia vera(PV);acquired secondary erythrocytosis frequently occurs due to appropriate or inappropriate erythropoietin(EPO)excess,while congenital secondary erythrocytosis may derive from genetic defects causing tissue hypoxia.Hereditary erythrocytosis occurs in patients with genetic mutations of the oxygen-sensing pathway(VHL,PHD2,_HIF-1-alpha)or the erythropoietin receptor(EPOR)genes.2 Recently,HFE gene variants have been described in sporadic erythrocytoses.3 In a high proportion(about 70%)of patients with erythrocytosis,a specific etiology remains elusive despite extensive testing,and the diagnosis of idiopathic erythrocytosis(IE)is ruled out.

关键词： diagnosis patients congenital

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Environmental drivers of long-term variations in the abundance of the red hocicudo mouse (Oxymycterus rufus) in Pampas agroecosystems

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 37-51页

作者： Laura Mariel CALFAYAN Regino CAVIA Jimena FRASCHINA Juan Santiago GUIDOBONO irene Laura GOROSITO María BUSCH Laboratorio de Ecología de Poblaciones Departamento de EcologíaGenética y EvoluciónFacultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos Aires and Instituto de EcologíaGenética y Evolución de Buenos Aires(IEGEBA)Buenos AiresArgentina

During the 20th century,there has been an ongoing agricultural expansion and global warming,two of the main determinants influencing biodiversity changes in Argentina.The red hocicudo mouse(Oxymycterus rufus)inhabits subtropical grasslands and riparian habitats and has increased its abundance in recent years in central Argentina agroecosystems.This paper describes the long-term temporal changes in O.rufus abundance in Exaltación de la Cruz department,Buenos Aires province,Argentina,in relation to weatherfluctuations and landscape features,as well as analyzes the spatio-temporal structure of captures of animals.We used generalized liner models,semi-variograms,the Mantel test,and autocorrelation functions for the analysis of rodent data obtained from trappings conducted between 1984 and 2014.O.rufus showed an increase in abundance across the years of study,with its distribution depending on landscape features,such as habitat types and the distance tofloodplains.Capture rates showed a spatio-temporal aggregation,suggesting expansion from previously occupied sites.O.rufus was more abundant at lower minimum temperatures in summer,higher precipitation in spring and summer,and lower precip-itations in winter.Weather conditions affected O.rufus abundance,but there was local variation that differed from global patterns of climate change.

关键词： agroecosystems climate change linear habitats Oxymycterus rufus rodent

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Analytic Regularity for a Singularly Perturbed Reaction-Convection-Diffusion Boundary Value Problem with Two Small Parameters

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Communications in Mathematical Research 2024年第2期40卷 125-153页

作者： irene Sykopetritou Christos Xenophontos Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of CyprusPo Box 20537Nicosia 1678Cyprus.

We consider a second order,two-point,singularly perturbed boundary value problem,of reaction-convection-diffusion type with two small parameters,and we obtain analytic regularity results for its solution,under the assumption of analytic input data.First,we establish classical differentiability bounds that are explicit in the order of differentiation and the singular perturbation parameters.Next,for small values of these parameters we show that the solution can be decomposed into a smooth part,boundary layers at the two endpoints,and a negligible remainder.Derivative estimates are obtained for each component of the solution,which again are explicit in the differentiation order and the singular perturbation parameters.

关键词： Singularly perturbed problem reaction-convection-diffusion boundary layers analytic regularity.

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Shear-wave elastography to predict hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatitis C virus eradication:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第10期30卷 1450-1460页

作者： Giorgio Esposto Paolo Santini Linda Galasso irene Mignini Maria Elena Ainora Antonio Gasbarrini Maria Assunta Zocco CEMAD Digestive Disease Center Fondazione Policlinico Universitario“A.Gemelli”IRCCSCatholic University of RomeRome 00168Italy Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS-UniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreRome 00168Italy Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia CEMAD Digestive Disease CenterUniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreFondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCSRome 00168Italy

BACKGROUND Direct-acting antiviral agents(DAAs)are highly effective treatment for chronic hepatitis C(CHC)with a significant rate of sustained virologic response(SVR).The achievement of SVR is crucial to prevent additional liver damage and slow down fibrosis progression.The assessment of fibrosis degree can be performed with transient elastography,magnetic resonance elastography or shear-wave elastography(SWE).Liver elastography could function as a predictor for hepato-cellular carcinoma(HCC)in CHC patients treated with DAAs.AIM To explore the predictive value of SWE for HCC development after complete clearance of hepatitis C virus(HCV).METHODS A comprehensive literature search of clinical studies was performed to identify the ability of SWE to predict HCC occurrence after HCV clearance.In accordance with the study protocol,a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the evidence was planned.RESULTS At baseline and after 12 wk of follow-up,a trend was shown towards greater liver stiffness(LS)in those who go on to develop HCC compared to those who do not[baseline LS standardized mean difference(SMD):1.15,95%confidence interval(95%CI):020-2.50;LS SMD after 12 wk:0.83,95%CI:0.33-1.98].The absence of a statistically significant difference between the mean LS in those who developed HCC or not may be related to the inability to correct for confounding factors and the absence of raw source data.There was a statist-ically significant LS SMD at 24 wk of follow-up between patients who developed HCC vs not(0.64;95%CI:0.04-1.24).CONCLUSION SWE could be a promising tool for prediction of HCC occurrence in patients treated with DAAs.Further studies with larger cohorts and standardized timing of elastographic evaluation are needed to confirm these data.

关键词： Shear-wave elastography Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatitis C virus Sustained virologic response

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Mesenchymal stem cell therapy in retinal and optic nerve diseases: An update of clinical trials

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2016年第11期8卷 376-383页

作者： Sonia Labrador-Velandia María Luz Alonso-Alonso Sara Alvarez-Sanchez Jorge González-Zamora irene carretero-barrio José Carlos Pastor Iván Fernandez-Bueno Girish Kumar Srivastava Instituto Universitario de Oftalmobiología Aplicada Universidad de Valladolid 47011 Valladolid Spain Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Valladolid 47005 Valladolid Spain Centro en Red de Medicina Regenerativa y Terapia Celular de Castilla y León 47011 Valladolid Spain Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa Sanitaria del Instituto de Salud Carlos Ⅲ. Oftared 28029 Madrid Spain Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid 47003 Valladolid Spain

Retinal and optic nerve diseases are degenerative ocular pathologies which lead to irreversible visual loss. Since the advanced therapies availability, cell-based therapies offer a new all-encompassing approach. Advances in the knowledge of neuroprotection, immunomodulation and regenerative properties of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) have been obtained by several preclinical studies of various neurodegenerative diseases. It has provided the opportunity to perform the translation of this knowledge to prospective treatment approaches for clinical practice. Since 2008, several first steps projecting new treatment approaches, have been taken regarding the use of cell therapy in patients with neurodegenerative pathologies of optic nerve and retina. Most of the clinical trials using MSCs are in Ⅰ/Ⅱ phase, recruiting patients or ongoing, and they have as main objective the safety assessment of MSCs using various routes of administration. However, it is important to recognize that, there is still a long way to go to reach clinical trials phase Ⅲ-Ⅳ. Hence, it is necessary to continue preclinical and clinical studies to improve this new therapeutic tool. This paper reviews the latest progress of MSCs in human clinical trials for retinal and optic nerve diseases.

关键词： Mesenchymal stem cells Cell therapy Optic nerve diseases Clinical trials Retinal diseases

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DER SPATIAL TURN IN DEN KLASSISCHEN ALTERTUMSWISSENSCHAFTEN(UND SPEZIELL IN DER EPIGRAPHIK)

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Journal of Ancient Civilizations 2024年第1期39卷 99-121,125页

作者： irene Berti Pädagogische Hochschule Heidelberg

Since the 1990s the so-called spatial turn has brought back space and topography into the discussion within historical studies,particular ancient studies.This survey reviews current trends and developments within the field and offers some perspectives on possible future developments related to space,material,objects,their agency,and frames.

关键词： agency frames material objects space spatial turn topography

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Dynamic contrast enhanced ultrasound in differential diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第6期16卷 2804-2815页

作者： Giorgio Esposto Paolo Santini Fabrizio Termite Linda Galasso irene Mignini Maria Elena Ainora Antonio Gasbarrini Maria Assunta Zocco Department of CEMAD Digestive Disease Center Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCSCatholic University of RomeRome 00168Italy Department of Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS UniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreRome 00168Italy Department of Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia CEMAD Digestive Disease CenterFondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCSUniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreRome 00168Italy

BACKGROUND Non-invasive differential diagnosis between hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and other liver cancer(i.***.cholangiocarcinoma or metastasis)is highly challenging and definitive diagnosis still relies on histological exam.The patterns of enhancement and wash-out of liver nodules can be used to stratify the risk of malignancy only in cirrhotic patients and HCC frequently shows atypical features.Dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound(DCEUS)with standardized software could help to overcome these obstacles,providing functional and quantitative parameters and potentially improving accuracy in the evaluation of tumor perfusion.AIM To explore clinical evidence regarding the application of DCEUS in the differential diagnosis of liver nodules.METHODS A comprehensive literature search of clinical studies was performed to identify the parameters of DCEUS that could relate to histological diagnosis.In accordance with the study protocol,a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the evidence was planned.RESULTS Rise time was significantly higher in HCC patients with a standardized mean difference(SMD)of 0.83(95%CI:0.48-1.18).Similarly,other statistically significant parameters were mean transit time local with a SMD of 0.73(95%CI:0.20-1.27),peak enhancement with a SMD of 0.37(95%CI:0.03-0.70),area wash-in area under the curve with a SMD of 0.47(95%CI:0.13-0.81),wash-out area under the curve with a SMD of 0.55(95%CI:0.21-0.89)and wash-in and wash-out area under the curve with SMD of 0.51(95%CI:0.17-0.85).SMD resulted not significant in fall time and wash-in rate,but the latter presented a trend towards greater values in HCC compared to intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.CONCLUSION DCEUS could improve non-invasive diagnosis of HCC,leading to less liver biopsy and early treatment.This quantitative analysis needs to be applied on larger cohorts to confirm these preliminary results.

关键词： Dynamic contrast enhanced ultrasound Hepatocellular carcinoma Intracellular cholangiocarcinoma Quantitative ultrasound Liver cancer Time-intensity curve

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Physical activity and amyloid beta in middle-aged and older adults:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 133-144页

作者： María Rodriguez-Ayllon Patricio Solis-Urra Cristina Arroyo-ávila Miriam álvarez-Ortega Pablo Molina-García Cristina Molina-Hidalgo Manuel Gómez-Río Belinda Brown Kirk I.Erickson irene Esteban-Cornejo Department of Epidemiology Erasmus University Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamGD 3015the Netherlands Department of Physical Education and Sports Faculty of Sport SciencesSport and Health University Research Institute(iMUDS)University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain Faculty of Education and Social Sciences Universidad Andres BelloVina del Mar 2531015Chile Department of Nuclear Medicine Virgen de las Nieves University HospitalInstitute of Biosanitary Research of Granada(IBS)Granada 18014Spain Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Service Virgen de las Nieves University HospitalInstitute of Biosanitary Research of Granada(IBS)Granada 18014Spain Department of Psychology University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15260USA Centre for Healthy Ageing Health Futures InstituteMurdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia School of Medical and Health Sciences Edith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWA 6027Australia Advent Health Research Institute Neuroscience Institute OrlandoOrlandoFL 32803USA Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Research Center(CIBERobn) Institute of Health Carlos Ⅲ(ISCⅢ)Madrid 28029Spain

Background:One of the pathological hallmarks distinguishing Alzheimer’s disease from other dementias is the accumulation of amyloid beta(Aβ).Higher physical activity is associated with decreased dementia risk,and one potential path could be through Aβlevels modulation.We aimed to explore the relationship between physical activity and Aβin middle-aged and older adults.Methods:A systematic search of PubMed,Web of Science,PsycINFO,Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,and SPORTDiscus was performed from inception to April 28,2022.Studies were eligible if they included physical activity and Aβdata in adults aged 45 years or older.Multi-level metaanalyses of intervention and observational studies were performed to examine the role of physical activity in modulating Aβlevels.Results:In total,37 articles were included(8 randomized controlled trials,3 non-randomized controlled trials,4 prospective longitudinal studies,and 22 cross-sectional studies).The overall effect size of physical activity interventions on changes in blood Aβwas medium(pooled standardized mean difference=-0.69,95%confidence interval(95%CI):-1.41 to 0.03;I^(2)=74.6%).However,these results were not statistically significant,and there were not enough studies to explore the effects of physical activity on cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)and brain Aβ.Data from observational studies were examined based on measurements of Aβin the brain using positron emission tomography scans,CSF,and blood.Higher physical activity was positively associated with Aβonly in the CSF(Estimate r=0.12;95%CI:0.05-0.18;I^(2)=38.00%).Conclusion:Physical activity might moderately reduce blood Aβin middle-aged and older adults.However,results were only near statistical significance and might be interpreted with caution given the methodological limitations observed in some of the included studies.In observational studies,higher levels of physical activity were positively associated with Aβonly in CSF.Therefore,further research is needed to understand the modulating role of physical act

关键词： Aging Cognitive impairment Dementia Exercise PET

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