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Multi-Sectoral Reflections and Efforts in Strengthening Partnerships to Reduce Disaster Risk in Mexico:The First MuSe-IDRiM Conference

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2020年第5期11卷 686-691页

作者： irasema alcantara-ayala Daniel Rodriguez-Velazquez Ricardo J Garnica-Pena Alejandra Maldonado-Martinez Institute of Geography National Autonomous University of Mexico(UNAM)04510 Mexico CityMexico National School of Social Work.National Autonomous University of Mexico(UNAM) 04510 Mexico CityMexico Disaster Risk Reduction Consultant 04700 Mexico CityMexico

Notwithstanding the high societal impact of disasters in Mexico,there is a lack of integrated efforts to establish a sound policy for reducing disaster risk to counterbalance the existing concentrated endeavors in disaster *** the face of such segmentation,the science and technology community has advocated for a change of perspective,from civil protection to integrated disaster risk *** first Multi-Sectoral Conference towards Integrated Disaster Risk Management in Mexico:Building a National Public Policy(MuSe-IDRiM Conference)was held in Mexico City at National Autonomous University of Mexico,21-24 October *** support of the implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030,the conference aimed at enhancing the dialogue between the scienee and technology community,citizens,civil society organizations,private and public sectors,and the federtil,state,and municipal governments to foster the process of transforming the current National Civil Protection System into a national public policy oriented towards integrated disaster risk management(DRM).Barriers and challenges to the implementation of integrated DRM were *** of integrated DRM challenges current socioeconomic structures and encourages all releva nt stakeholders to think,decide,and act from a different perspective and within and across spatial,temporal,jurisdictional,and institutional *** disaster risk from an integrated approach,learning skills that authorities have not learned or used,and hence,strengthening disaster risk governance are prerequisites to effectively manage disaster risk.

关键词： Disaster risk reduction Integrated disaster risk management Mexico Science-based policy making SINAPROC

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地貌灾害与预防

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国外科技新书评介 2015年第2期 5-6页

作者： irasema alcantara-ayala 李亚宁不详中国科学院自动化研究所

随着工业化和土地利用的巨大变化，人类活动对地球环境已经产生了重大的影响，从而导致气候变化，如森林砍伐、荒漠化、土地退化、空气和水的污染。这些影响与地貌灾害密切相关，如洪水、山体滑坡、雪崩、水土流失等等。地貌的研究工作... 详细信息

随着工业化和土地利用的巨大变化，人类活动对地球环境已经产生了重大的影响，从而导致气候变化，如森林砍伐、荒漠化、土地退化、空气和水的污染。这些影响与地貌灾害密切相关，如洪水、山体滑坡、雪崩、水土流失等等。地貌的研究工作不仅仅局限于理解现象层面，

关键词：地貌灾害预防土地利用地球环境人类活动气候变化森林砍伐土地退化

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Disaster risk reduction in mountain areas: a research overview

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第6期19卷 1487-1494页

作者： alcantara-ayala irasema CUI Peng PASUTO Alessandro Institute of Geography National Autonomous University of Mexico(UNAM)Mexico City 04510Mexico Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China CNR-IRPI Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological ProtectionC.so Stati UnitiPadova 435127Italy.

This paper gives an account of the diverse dimensions of research on disaster risk reduction in mountain regions derived from an open call of the Journal of Mountain Science that brought 21 *** special issue includes topics as diverse as landslide dynamics and mechanisms,landslide inventories and landslide susceptibility models,insights to landslide hazards and disasters and mitigation measures,disaster response and disaster risk *** overall structure of the paper takes the form of three *** first part begins by laying out the significance of disaster risk reduction in mountain areas,whereas the second one looks at the research insights on disaster risk reduction in mountains provided by the contributions comprised in the special *** final section identifies areas for further research.

关键词： disaster risk reduction hazards integrated disaster risk management mitigation measures response mountains

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Landslide risk perception and communication for disaster risk management in mountain areas of developing countries：a Mexican foretaste

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Journal of Mountain Science 2016年第12期13卷 2079-2093页

作者： irasema ALCáNTARA-ayala Ana Rosa MORENO Institute of Geography National Autonomous University of Mexico(UNAM)Ciudad UniversitariaCoyoaedn04510Mexico CityMexico Faculty of Medicine Department of Public HealthNational Autonormous University of Mexico(UNAM)Ciudad UniversitariaCoyoacan04510Mexico CityMexico

The increasing impact of disasters at local,national,regional and global scales in recent decades has provided enough evidence to urgently direct attention towards the necessity of disaster risk reduction and management,and this requires *** without communication is barren,and to communicate the risk of disaster it is necessary to understand the perception of the people at *** particular,this paper deals with the necessity to delineate strategies of risk communication in pursuance of risk knowledge as a core of disaster risk reduction and management,especially in mountain areas of developing *** portray this issue,an analysis of landslide risk perception in terms of experience,landslide risk awareness,exposure,preparedness,and risk communication and trust was undertaken in the municipality of Teziutlán,Puebla,Mexico,an area that has been affected for several decades by episodes of mass *** of the responses to a risk perception questionnaire has offered valuable insights in terms of the information and knowledge most required by the people living in the area of interest,in order to devise a realistic and functional strategy to communicate the risk of a landslide *** includes better understanding of controlling factorsand drivers of this risk,and the establishment of potential trusted sources of risk *** considering practical matters of risk assessment and management,risk perception and communication can increase the resilience of vulnerable people,and can enhance capacity building for present and future generations.

关键词： Risk perception Risk communication Landslides Disaster risk Mountain areas

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Early Warning Systems: Lost in Translation or Late by Definition? A FORIN Approach

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2019年第3期10卷 317-331页

作者： irasema Alcántara-ayala Anthony Oliver-Smith Institute of Geography National Autonomous University of Mexico(UNAM)04510 Mexico CityMexico University of Florida GainesvilleFL 32611USA

Early warning systems(EWSs) are widely considered to be one of the most important mechanisms to prevent disasters around the globe. But as disasters continue to affect countries where EWSs have already been implemented, the striking disaster consequences have led us to reflect on the focus, architecture, and function of the warning systems. Since the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami there has been a rapid rise in the promotion and use of EWSs to minimize disaster losses and damage. However,few researchers have addressed the question of their acceptability as an adaptive measure to the existing exposure conditions. EWSs are far more linked to emergency response and humanitarian crises and accepted technological interventions as solutions than they are to explicitly advance integrated analysis, disaster risk reduction, and policy making. A major flaw of EWSs is that the term‘‘early’’ has been essentially used in reference to the speed of hazard onset, founded on a physicalist perspective that has encouraged a considerable dependence on *** this article we address the need for a clear understanding of the root causes and risk drivers of disaster risk creation,as advanced in the FORIN(forensic investigation of disasters) approach, as a prerequisite for the development of more articulated EWSs that could contribute to disaster risk reduction through policy making and practice, based on integrated and transdisciplinary management, in the interest of sustainable development, and human welfare and well-being.

关键词： Disaster risk drivers Disaster root causes Early warning systems Forensic disaster investigations FORIN

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Disaster risk reduction in mountain areas: an initial overview on seeking pathways to global sustainability

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第6期19卷 1838-1846页

作者： ALCáNTARA-ayala irasema PASUTO Alessandro CUI Peng Institute of Geography National Autonomous University of Mexico(UNAM)Mexico City 04510Mexico CNR-IRPI Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological ProtectionC.so Stati UnitiPadova 435127Italy. Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China

As disasters cripple the world’s prospects for sustainable development, protecting the most vulnerable groups exposed to hazards is one of the main challenges facing humanity. Owing to the systemic nature of risk and the interactions and interdependencies between upland and lowland systems, healthy and productive mountain households and livelihoods are essential to global sustainability. This paper argues that, building on existing international frameworks, and integrated knowledge and praxis, the development of a global policy agenda should be established to build sustainable peace, sustainable security, and development.

关键词： Disaster risk reduction Integrated disaster risk management Global sustainability International frameworks Science-based policymaking

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The use of UAVs for landslide disaster risk research and disaster risk management: a literature review

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第2期18卷 482-498页

作者： Ricardo J.GARNICA-PEÑA irasema ALCÁNTARA-ayala Institute of Geography National Autonomous University of Mexico(UNAM)Mexico City 04510Mexico

On a global scale,from 2005 to 2019,there were 275 high-magnitude,low-frequency disasters that involved 14,172 fatalities and four million affected *** patterns have taken place during longer periods of time in recent *** paper aims to analyse the contribution of the international landslide research community to disaster risk reduction and disaster risk management in reference to the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs)in a literature *** first section notes the relevance of disaster risk research contributions for the implementation of initiatives and strategies concerning disaster risk *** second section highlights background information and current applications of drones in the field of hazards and *** methodology,which included a systematic peer review of journals in the ISI Web of Science and SCOPUS,was presented in the third section,where the results include analyses of the considered *** study concludes that most current scholarly efforts remain rooted in hazards and post-disaster evaluation and *** landslide disaster risk research should be transdisciplinary in order to strengthen participation of the various relevant stakeholders in contributing to integrated disaster risk management at local,subnational,national,regional and global levels.

关键词： UAVs Landslides Disaster risk Landslide research Vulnerability Exposure Disaster risk management

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Landslide susceptibility: a statistically-based assessment on a depositional pyroclastic ramp

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第3期16卷 561-580页

作者： Franny G.MURILLO-GARCíA Stefan STEGER irasema ALCáNTARA-ayala Institute of Geography National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) Institute for Earth Observation Eurac Research

This study aimed to produce a high-quality landslide susceptibility map for Teziutlán municipality, a landslide-prone region in Mexico, which is characterised by a depositional pyroclastic ramp. The heterogeneous quality of available topographic information(i.e. higher resolution digital elevation model only for a sub-region) encouraged to confront modelling results based on two different study area delineations and two raster resolutions. Input data was based on the larger modelling region L15(163 km2) and smaller S(70 km2; located inside L15) with an associated raster cell size of 15 m(region L15 and S15) and 5 m(region S5). The resulting three data sets(L15, S15 and S5) were included into three differently flexible modelling techniques(Generalized Linear Model-GLM, General Additive Model-GAM, Support Vector Machine-SVM) to produce nine landslide susceptibility models. Preceding variable selection was performed heuristically and supported by an exploratory data analysis. The final models were based on the explanatory variables slope angle, slope aspect, lithology, relative slope position, elevation, convergence index, distance to streams, distance to springs and topographic wetness index. The ability of the models to classify independent test data was elaborated using a k-fold cross validation procedure and the AUROC(Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic) metric. In general, all produced landslide susceptibility maps depicted the hillslopes of the ravines, which cut the pyroclastic ramp, as prone to landsliding. The modelling results showed that predictive performances(i.e. AUROC values) slightly increased with an increasing flexibility of the applied modelling technique. Thus, SVM performed best, while the GAM outperformed the GLM. This tendency was most distinctive when modelling with the largest landslide sample size(i.e. data set L15; n = 662 landslides). Non-linear classifiers(GAMs, SVMs) performed slightly better when trained on the basis of lower

关键词： Landslide susceptibility Pyroclastic ramp Logistic regression Generalized Additive Model Support Vector Machine Cross validation

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A Likert Scale-Based Model for Benchmarking Operational Capacity,Organizational Resilience,and Disaster Risk Reduction

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2020年第3期11卷 404-409页

作者： Gianluca Pescaroli Omar Velazquez irasema Alcántara-ayala Carmine Galasso Patty Kostkova David Alexander Institute for Risk and Disaster Reduction University College London(UCL)London WC1E 6BTUK Institute of Geography National Autonomous University of Mexico(UNAM)Mexico CityMexico Department of Civil Environmental and Geomatic EngineeringUniversity College London(UCL)London WC1E 6BTUK

Likert scales are a common methodological tool for data collection used in quantitative or mixed-method approaches in multiple *** are often employed in surveys or questionnaires,for benchmarking answers in the fields of disaster risk reduction,business continuity management,and organizational ***,both scholars and practitioners may lack a simple scale of reference to assure consistency across disciplinary *** article introduces a simple-to-use rating tool that can be used for benchmarking responses in questionnaires,for example,for assessing disaster risk reduction,gaps in operational capacity,and organizational *** aim,in particular,to support applications in contexts in which the target groups,due to cultural,social,or political reasons,may be unsuitable for in-depth analyses that use,for example,scales from 1 to 7 or from 1 to *** methodology is derived from the needs emerged in our recent fieldwork on interdisciplinary projects and from dialogue with the stakeholders *** output is a replicable scale from 0 to 3 presented in a table that includes category labels with qualitative attributes and descriptive equivalents to be used in the formulation of model *** include examples of levels of resilience,capacity,and *** are connected to other tools that could be used for in-depth *** advantage of our Likert scale-based response model is that it can be applied in a wide variety of disciplines,from social science to engineering.

关键词： Assessment Disaster risk reduction Interdisciplinary Likert scale Questionnaires Scales

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Hazard and population vulnerability analysis: a step towards landslide risk assessment

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第7期14卷 1241-1261页

作者： Franny G.MURILLO-GARCíA Mauro ROSSI Francesca ARDIZZONE Federica FIORUCCI irasema ALCáNTARA-ayala Postgraduate in Geography National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) IRPI CNR Institute of Geography National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM)

In this paper, an attempt to analyse landslide hazard and vulnerability in the municipality of Pahuatlfin, Puebla, Mexico, is presented. In order to estimate landslide hazard, the susceptibility, magnitude （area-velocity ratio） and landslide frequency of the area of interest were produced based on information derived from a geomorphological landslide inventory; the latter was generated by using very high resolution satellite stereo pairs along with information derived from other sources （Google Earth, aerial photographs and historical information）. Estimations of landslide susceptibility were determined by combining four statistical techniques：（i） logistic regression, （ii） quadratic discriminant analysis, （iii） linear discriminant analysis, and （iv） neuronal networks. A Digital Elevation Model （DEM） of lo m spatial resolution was used to extract the slope angle, aspect, curvature, elevation and relief. These factors, in addition to land cover, lithology anddistance to faults, were used as explanatory variables for the susceptibility models. Additionally, a Poisson model was used to estimate landslide temporal frequency, at the same time as landslide magnitude was obtained by using the relationship between landslide area and the velocity of movements. Then, due to the complexity of evaluating it, vulnerability of population was analysed by applying the Spatial Approach to Vulnerability Assessment （SAVE） model which considered levels of exposure, sensitivity and lack of resilience. Results were expressed on maps on which different spatial patterns of levels of landslide hazard and vulnerability were found for the inhabited areas. It is noteworthy that the lack of optimal methodologies to estimate and quantify vulnerability is more notorious than that of hazard assessments. Consequently, levels of uncertainty linked to landslide risk assessment remain a challenge to be addressed.

关键词： Landslides Susceptibility HazardVulnerability Risk

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