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Forkhead box P3 and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase co-expression in Pakistani triple negative breast cancer patients

World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2020年第12期11卷 1018-1028页

作者： Kashif Asghar Asif Loya Iftikhar Ali Rana Muhammad Abu Bakar Asim Farooq Muhammad Tahseen Muhammad Ishaq iqra masood Muhammad Usman Rashid Department of Basic Science Research Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research CentreLahorePunjab 54000Pakistan Department of Pathology Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research CentreLahorePunjab 54000Pakistan Department of Cancer Registry and Clinical Data Management Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research CentreLahorePunjab 54000Pakistan Department of Clinical Research Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research CentreLahorePunjab 54000Pakistan

BACKGROUND Forkhead box P3(FOXP3)is a specific marker for immunosuppressive regulatory T(T-reg)cells.T-regs and an immunosuppressive enzyme,indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase(IDO),are associated with advanced disease in *** To evaluate the co-expression of FOXP3 and IDO in triple negative breast cancer(TNBC)with respect to hormone-positive breast cancer patients from *** Immunohistochemistry was performed to analyze the expression of FOXP3,IDO,estrogen receptor,progesterone receptor,and human epidermal growth factor receptor on tissues of breast cancer patients(n=100):Hormone-positive breast cancer(n=51)and TNBC(n=49).A total of 100 patients were characterized as FOXP3 negative vs positive and further categorized based on low,medium,and high IDO expression *** and multivariate logistic regression models were *** Out of 100 breast tumors,25%expressed FOXP3 positive T-regs.A significant coexpression of FOXP3 and IDO was observed among patients with TNBC(P=0.01)compared to those with hormone-positive breast *** variables were identified as significant independent risk factors for FOXP3 positive:IDO expression high(adjusted odds ratio(AOR)5.90;95%confidence interval(CI):1.22-28.64;P=0.03)and TNBC(AOR 2.80;95%CI:0.96-7.95;P=0.05).CONCLUSION Our data showed that FOXP3 positive cells might be associated with high expression of IDO in TNBC ***3 and IDO co-expression may also suggest its involvement in disease,and evaluation of FOXP3 and IDO expression in TNBC patients may offer a new therapeutic option.

关键词： Forkhead box P3 Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase Triple negative breast cancer T-regs Immunotherapy Cancer

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Rising incidence of acute hepatitis A among adults and clinical characteristics in a tertiary care center of Pakistan

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World Journal of Virology 2025年第1期14卷 73-82页

作者： Yumna Shahid Amna Subhan Butt iqra Jamali Faisal Wasim Ismail Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineAga Khan University HospitalKarachi 74800Pakistan Department of Medicine Aga Khan University HospitalKarachi 74800Pakistan

BACKGROUND For decades,hepatitis A virus(HAV)has been a leading cause of acute hepatitis among children and was less prevalent among ***,recently a paradigm shift has been observed in the epidemiology of HAV,as evident by cases of acute hepatitis due to HAV among *** To estimate frequency of HAV in acute viral hepatitis and compare characteristics in HAV and hepatitis E virus(HEV)*** This was a trend analysis conducted at Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi(Sindh,Pakistan)from February 2024 to May *** aged 18 years and older diagnosed with acute viral hepatitis attributed to hepatotropic viruses in 2024 were *** compare the trend patients admitted with acute hepatitis during 2019-2023 were also *** regarding clinical and laboratory parameters were *** yearly trend of acute hepatitis due to HAV and HEV was analyzed,and comparative analysis was done between HAV and HEV cases among *** A total of 396 patients were found to have acute hepatitis during our study *** was diagnosed in 234 patients(59%)while 157 patients(39.6%)were found to have acute HEV ***,acute hepatitis B virus infection was identified in 3 patients(0.7%),whereas acute hepatitis C virus infection was found in 2(0.5%)cases of acute *** trends showed increasing occurrence of HAV infection among adults over last 5 *** patients with acute HAV were younger than patients with HEV(28 years±8 years vs 30 years±8 years;P<0.01).Higher levels of total bilirubin were seen in HEV infection,while higher levels of alanine transaminase were seen in HAV ***,a higher proportion of acute liver failure(ALF),coagulopathy,and mortality were observed in *** An increase in acute hepatitis A cases among adults shows less severity than hepatitis E,highlighting the need for better sanitation,hygiene,and adult hepatitis A vaccination programs.

关键词： Acute hepatitis Hepatitis A virus Hepatitis E virus Acute liver failure Hepatotropic virus Vaccination

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Spectrum of venous thromboembolism in adult patients with ulcerative colitis in Pakistan:A single center retrospective study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第6期13卷 9-13页

作者： masood Muhammad Karim Hafsa Shaikh Faisal Wasim Ismail Department of Medicine The Aga Khan University HospitalKarachi 74800Pakistan Department of General Surgery The Aga Khan University HospitalKarachi 74800Pakistan

BACKGROUND Patients with inflammatory bowel disease are at a 2-8-fold higher risk of deve-loping venous thromboembolism(VTE)as compared to the general *** the exact pathogenesis is unclear,the literature suggests that increased risk of thromboembolic events in such patients occurs as a result of increased coagulation factors,inflammatory cytokines,and reduction in anticoagulants leading to a prothrombotic *** To assess the prevalence,risk factors,management,and outcome of ulcerative colitis(UC)patients who develop *** This was a retrospective chart review done in The Gastroenterology Department of The Aga Khan University *** was collected from medical records for all patients admitted with a diagnosis of UC from January 2012 to December *** Seventy-four patients fulfilled the inclusion *** mean±SD of age at presentation of all UC patients was 45 years±10 years whereas for those who developed VTE,it was 47.6 years±14.7 *** and diabetes were the most common co-morbid seen among UC patients with a frequency of 17(22.9%)and 12(16.2%),respectively.A total of 5(6.7%)patients developed *** venous thrombosis was the most common thromboembolic phenomenon seen in 3(60%)*** the patients with UC and concomitant VTE were discharged home(5;100%).CONCLUSION The prevalence of VTE with UC in Pakistani patients corresponds with the international ***,multi-centric studies are required to further explore these results.

关键词： Deep venous thrombosis Inflammatory bowel disease Low-middle-income country Anticoagulation Protein C deficiency

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Mathematical Analysis for Peristaltic Flow of Two Phase Nanofluid in a Curved Channel

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2015年第11期64卷 547-554页

作者： S.Nadeem iqra Shahzadi Department of Mathematics Quaid-i-Azam University

This paper describes the theoretical analysis for peristaltic motion of water base nanoBuid containing distinct types of the nanoparticles like Cu,TiO_2,and Al_2O_*** of nano Quid are modelled and simplified by constructing the suppositions of low Reynolds number as well as long wave *** reduced equations are solved *** are represented through *** for the velocity,temperature,pressure rise and stream lines are analyzed *** work presented here is based on the fictitious values,however some other values can be tested experimentally.

关键词： peristaltic flow nanofluid curved channel exact so

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Role of Inclined Magnetic Field and Copper Nanoparticles on Peristaltic Flow of Nanofluid through Inclined Annulus: Application of the Clot Model

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2017年第6期67卷 704-716页

作者： iqra Shahzadi S.Nadeem Department of Mathematics Quaid-i-Azam University

A genuine neurotic condition is experienced when some blood constituents accumulate on the wall of the artery get withdrew from the wall, again join the circulatory system and coagulation occur. Role of copper nanoparticles and inclined magnetic field on the peristaltic flow of a nanofluid in an annular region of inclined annulus is *** represent the clot model by considering the small artery as an annulus whose outer tube has a wave of sinusoidal nature and inner tube has a clot on its walls. Lubrication approach is used to simplify the problem. Close form solutions are determined for temperature and velocity profile. Impact of related parameters on pressure rise, pressure gradient,velocity and streamlines are interpreted graphically. Comparison among the pure blood and copper blood is presented and analyzed. One main finding of the considered analysis is that the inclusion of copper nanoparticles enlarges the amplitude of the velocity. Therefore, the considered study plays a dominant role in biomedical applications.

关键词： inclined magnetic field copper nanoparticles inclined annulus clot model exact solution

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Stokes' First Problem for an MHD Burgers Fluid

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2013年第1期59卷 99-104页

作者： masood Khan Department of Mathematics Quaid-i-Azam University

This work is related to the flow of a magnetohydrodynamic Burgers *** flow of an incompressible conducting Burgers fluid in the presence of a uniform transverse magnetic field over a plate that is moved suddenly is *** the application of the Laplace and Fourier sine transforms techniques,the exact analytical expressions for the velocity field and associated shear stress are determined in simple *** are written as a sum of steady-state and transient *** graphical results are plotted for different values of indispensable parameters and some interesting results are *** corresponding solutions for the hydrodynamic Burgers fluid appear as the limiting cases of the obtained solutions.

关键词： Stokes' first problem Burgers fluid Laplace and Fourier sine transforms exact solutions

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MHD Flow of an Oldroyd-B Fluid through a Porous Space Induced by Sawtooth Pulses

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Chinese Physics Letters 2011年第8期28卷 161-164页

作者： masood Khan Zeeshan Department of Mathematics Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad 44000Pakistan

We investigate the unsteady magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)flow of an Oldroyd-B fluid through a porous space induced by sawtooth *** fluid is assumed to be electrically conducting in the presence of a transverse uniform magnetic *** porous space is taken into account using modified Darcy's law for the Oldroyd-B *** solutions of the governing problem are obtained by using the Laplace transform *** effects of the magnetic parameter,the permeability of the porous space and the elasticity parameter of the fluid are studied on the flow characteristics.

关键词： method field porous

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EMMS mixture model with size distribution for two-fluid simulation of riser flows

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Particuology 2018年第3期16卷 165-173页

作者： Atta Ullah iqra Jamil Adnan Hamid Kun Hong Department of Chemical Engineering Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences Istamabad 45650 Pakistan Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Conversion and Process Integration Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Materials of Salt Chemical Industry Huaiyin Institute of Technology Huaian 223003 China

Further development of an energy-minimization multiscale modeling approach to simulating two-phase flow under turbulent conditions that considers the size distribution of mesoscale structures, i.e. bubbles and clusters, is presented. User-defined values of minimum and maximum cluster or bubble diame- ters were specified. A uniform size distribution was first considered as a test case, in which the drag force comprised contributions from each size group. The mathematical form of the objective function describing the energy for suspension and transport was not altered. The heterogeneity index of this new drag modification was then used to simulate pilot-scale circulating fluidized-bed risers involving Geldart group A particles. The results were validated against available experimental data. The model is capable of capturing both axial and radial profiles of flow-field variables.

关键词： Mesoscale Bubble Cluster EMMS CFD Riser

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Uncertainty of concrete strength in shear and flexural behavior of beams using lattice modeling

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2023年第2期17卷 306-325页

作者： Sahand KHALILZADEHTABRIZI Hamed SADAGHIAN masood FARZAM Department of Civil Engineering University of TabrizTabriz ***Iran

This paper numerically studied the effect of uncertainty and random distribution of concrete strength in beams failing in shear and flexure using lattice modeling,which is suitable for statistical *** independent variables of this study included the level of strength reduction and the number of members with reduced *** levels of material deficiency(i.e.,10%,20%,30%)were randomly introduced to 5%,10%,15%,and 20%of *** provide a database and reliable results,1000 analyses were carried out(a total of 24000 analyses)using the MATLAB software for each *** studies were conducted for both shear-and flexure-deficit beams under four-point loading and results were compared using finite element software where *** of lattice modeling was highlighted as an efficient tool to account for uncertainty in statistical *** showed that the number of deficient members had a more significant effect on beam capacity compared to the level of strength *** scatter of random load-capacities was higher in flexure(range:0.680-0.990)than that of shear(range:0.795-0.996).Finally,nonlinear regression relationships were established with coefficient of correlation values(R^(2))above 0.90,which captured the overall load-deflection response and level of load reduction.

关键词： lattice modeling shear failure flexural failure uncertainty deficiency numerical simulation

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Pyridine-Thiourea Based High Performance Polymers: Synthesis and Characterization

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2015年第1期33卷 49-60页

作者： Ghulam Waris Humaira masood Siddiqi Department of Chemistry Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad Pakistan Department of Chemistry University of SheffieldUK

A novel diamine monomer, pyridine-2, 6-bis（（4-aminophenyl）thioureido）carbonyl（PATC） was synthesized efficiently and polymerized with various aromatic dianhydrides. Consequently, poly（pyridine thiourea-imide）s（PPTIs） with good thermal properties and flame retardancy were fabricated. The structures of PATC and PPTIs were characterized by FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR spectroscopy along with elemental analysis, crystallinity, organosolubility, inherent viscosity and gel permeation chromatographic measurements. PPTIs containing C=S, CONH and meta substituted pyridine moieties in the polymer backbone showed amorphous nature and were readily soluble in highly polar organic solvents and even in less polar solvents such as tetrahydrofuran（THF）. Polymers had inherent viscosities in the range of 0.91-1.16 d L/g and molecular weight was found between 68000-77000 g/mol. The electrical properties of the PPTIs were estimated in terms of dielectric constant over a range of frequencies. Their thermal stability was determined by 10% weight loss temperature found in the range of 519-563 °C under inert atmosphere. The glass transition temperature of the polyimides varied between 247 °C and 267 °C. The flame retardant properties of PPTIs were investigated in terms of limiting oxygen index（LOI） which was found in the range of 38.26-39.95. Introduction of thiourea in the polymer backbone is an effective way to improve the thermal stability and flame retardancy. Thus PATC can be considered as an excellent candidate for the synthesis of high performance polymers.

关键词： Poly(pyridine thiourea-imide)s Crystallinity Flame retardancy GPC measurements.

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