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Design and high-power test of 800-kW UHF klystron for CEPC

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Chinese Physics B 2022年第8期31卷 154-159页

作者： Ou-Zheng Xiao Shigeki Fukuda Zu-Sheng Zhou Un-Nisa Zaib Sheng-Chang Wang Zhi-Jun Lu Guo-Xi Pei munawar iqbal Dong Dong Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China High Energy Accelerator Research Organization KEKOhoIbaraki 305-0801Japan

To reduce the energy demand and operation cost for circular electron positron collider(CEPC), the high efficiency klystrons are being developed at Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. A 800-k W continuous wave(CW) klystron operating at frequency of 650-MHz has been designed. The results of beam–wave interaction simulation with several different codes are presented. The efficiency is optimized to be 65% with a second harmonic cavity in three-dimensional(3D) particle-in-cell code CST. The effect of cavity frequency error and mismatch load on efficiency of klystron have been investigated. The design and cold test of reentrant cavities are described, which meet the requirements of RF section design. So far, the manufacturing and high-power test of the first klystron prototype have been *** the gun operated at DC voltage of 80 k V and current of 15.4 A, the klystron peak power reached 804 k W with output efficiency of about 65.3% at 40% duty cycle. The 1-d B bandwidth is ±0.8 MHZ. Due to the crack of ceramic window, the CW power achieved about 700 kW. The high-power test results are in good agreement with 3D simulation.

关键词： klystron cavity beam–wave interaction circular electron positron collider(CEPC) high-power test

Production and characterization of organic manure from liquorice residues

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2020年第2期7卷 233-241页

作者： Raghad S.Mouhamad Zainab J.Mohammed Ahmad A.Abdulhadi Mazhar Abbas munawar iqbal Arif Nazir Soil and Water Resources Center Ministry of Sciences&TechnologyBaghdadIraq Section of Biochemistry Department of Basic SciencesCollege of Veterinary and Animal Sciences(CVAS)JhangUniversity of Veterinary and Animal Sciences(UVAS)LahorePakistan Department of Chemistry The University of LahoreLahorePakistan

In present investigation,organic manure was produced and characterized from liquorice residues using activated Effective Microoganism(AEM).The liquorice waste residues were fermented for the period of 6 months in the presence of activated AEM at the rate of 2.5%and 5%of total fermented ***(62.5 g)was used per 10 kg of liquorice and moister was maintained at 55–60%during *** AEM manure production efficiency was evaluated on the basis of pH,C/N ratio,electrical conductivity(EC)and mineral *** final pH of organic manure was 6.2,C/N ratio reduced from 13.5 to 6.5,EC and the mineral contents were increased of composted *** revealed that the AEM are effective to produce organic manure from agricultural waste matter since the organic manure physico-chemical properties were within the permissible limit and AEM could be used for the production of compost ***,this technique can also be extended to other agricultural waste materials for the production of organic manure.

关键词： Liquorice Organic manure Fermentation Physico-chemical

Effect of gravistimulation on amino acid profile of pea,rice,corn,wheat during early growth stages

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2016年第4期3卷 244-251页

作者： Raghad S.Mouhamad munawar iqbal MAfzal Qamar Lamiaa A.Mutlag Ibrahim B.Razaq Mazhar Abbas Fida Hussain Soil and Water Resources Center Agricultural Research DirectorateMinistry of Sciences and TechnologyBaghdadIraq Department of Chemistry The University of LahoreLahorePakistan Department of Chemistry Qurtuba University of Science and Information TechnologyPeshawar 25100Pakistan Govt.Postgraduate College SamanabadFaisalabadPakistan Soil Fertility Ministry of Science and TechnologyBaghdadIraq Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology The University of LahoreLahorePakistan Department of Botany Qurtuba University of Science and Information TechnologyPeshawar 25100Pakistan Department of Botany Islamia College University PeshawarPeshawarPakistan

The amino acids are one of the major cellular components of plants,which are involved in different metabolic *** present study,effect of artificial gravistimulation on amino acid profiles of pea,rice,corn,wheat during early growth stages was ***-axis clinostat was used for gravistimulation application,which was applied at embryonic *** acid profile was measured in 10-days old seedlings of pea,rice,corn and wheat *** effect of clinostat rotation was also evaluated under salt stress and MS medium *** pea,rice,corn and wheat seedlings were grown under the gravity condition for specific time *** and wheat seeds showed slowgermination as compared to pea and rice *** rate of amino acid formation under gravity condition was significantly higher than control(un-treated seedling).The variation in amino acid profile of pea,rice,corn and wheat cultivars vary *** revealed that gravistimulation applied through clinostat has positive effect on amino acid profile in plant tissue and future studies should be focused on growth,biochemical,physiological at lateral stages of growth.

关键词： Clinostat Microgravity Plant cultivars Amino acid profile

Magnetically treated water irrigation effect on turnip seed germination,seedling growth and enzymatic activities

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2016年第2期3卷 99-106页

作者： Zia ul Haq munawar iqbal Yasir Jamil Hafeez Anwar Ayesha Younis Muhammad Arif M.Zeshan Fareed Fida Hussain Department of Physics University of AgricultureFaisalabad 38040Pakistan Department of Chemistry Qurtuba University of Science and Information TechnologyPeshawar 25100KPKPakistan Laser Spectroscopy Lab Department of PhysicsUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabad 38040Pakistan Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of AgricultureFaisalabad 38040Pakistan Department of Botany Islamia CollegePeshawar 25100Pakistan

Pre-sowing magnetic field seed treatment effects on biological characteristics of vegetables and crops have been studied ***,studies reporting irrigation with magnetically treated water are ***,the effect of irrigation with magnetically treated water on turnip seed germination,seedling growth and enzymatic activities was *** tap water was treated at 211 mT for 30,45 and 60 min and used for irrigation of turnip seed and *** and healthy turnip seed was sown under randomized complete block design(RCBD).The germination,emergence rate index,vigor index I and vigor index II increased up to 28.33%,11.54%,57.59%and 32.26%,*** growth parameters such as seedling lengths,fresh&dry weights,chlorophyll content were also enhanced in response of irrigation with magnetically treated *** seedlings irrigated with magnetically treated water showed 28.92%,11.36%and 14.76%higher protein content,alpha amylase and protease activities,respectively vs *** revealed that irrigation with magnetically treated water has potential to improve turnip germination,seedling growth and enzymatic activities and this study is also extendable to other vegetables and crops for the improvement of germination and growth.

关键词： Turnip Brassica rapa L. Magnetically treated water Seedling growth Biochemicals

Total phenolic,chromium contents and antioxidant activity of raw and processed sugars

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2017年第1期4卷 83-89页

作者： munawar iqbal MAfzal Qamar Tanveer H.Bokhari Mazhar Abbas Fida Hussain Nasir Masood Ali Keshavarzi Naseem Qureshih Arif Nazir Department of Chemistry The University of LahoreLahorePakistan Government Postgraduate College Samanabad FaisalabadPakistan Department of Chemistry Government College UniversityFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology The University of LahoreLahorePakistan Department of Botany Qurtuba University of Science and Information TechnologyPeshawar 25100Pakistan Department of Environmental Sciences COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyVehari 61100Pakistan Laboratory of Remote Sensing and GIS Department of Soil Science EngineeringUniversity of TehranKaraj 31587-77871Iran Department of Chemistry Karakoram International UniversityGilgit 15100Pakistan

Processing improves the visual quality of food;however,the ingredient and nutritional values may *** present study,the sugar samples(refined,raw,gur(Jaggery/jaggeree)and molasses)were collected from 20 different agro-climatic regions of Pakistan and analyzed for the chromium concentration,total phenolic and antioxidant activity,in order to evaluate the processing *** concentration of Cr was determined by digestion method using atomic absorption spectrophotometer,while antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl)and reducing *** was observed that chromium content in Jaggery was 74%higher than raw sugar,while molasses showed 21.27%higher concentration versus *** total phenolic contents were found considerably higher in molasses(3751 lg GAE/g)followed by Jaggery(3285 lg GAE/g),raw sugar(27.75 lg GAE/g)and refined sugar(23.81 lg GAE/g).The DPPH scavenging activity and reducing power was also found dependent to sugar *** results,it can be concluded that processing significantly affected the chromium contents,total phenolics and antioxidant activity.

关键词： Processing effect Sugars Total phenolics Antioxidant activity Chromium contents Diabetes mellitus

Construction of robust and durable Cu_(2)Se-V_(2)O_(5) nanosheet electrocatalyst for alkaline oxygen evolution reaction

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第6期18卷 71-83页

作者： Tauseef munawar Ambreen Bashir Khalid Mujasam Batoo Saman Fatima Faisal Mukhtar Sajjad Hussain Sumaira Manzoor Muhammad Naeem Ashiq Shoukat Alim Khan Muammer Koc Faisal iqbal Institute of Physics The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur 63100Pakistan King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology King Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia Hybrid Materials Center(HMC) Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea Institute of Chemical Sciences Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan 60800Pakistan Division of Sustainable Development College of Science and EngineeringHamad Bin Khalifa UniversityQatar FoundationDoha 34110Qatar

Reducing the production costs of clean energy carriers such as hydrogen through scalable water electrolysis is a potential solution for advancing the hydrogen *** the various material candidates,our group demonstrated transition-metal-based materials with tunable electronic characteristics,various phases,and ***,electrochemical water oxidation using Cu_(2)Se-V_(2)O_(5) as a non-precious metallic electrocatalyst via a hydrothermal approach is *** water-splitting performance of all the fabricated electrocatalysts was evaluated after direct growth on a stainless-steel *** electrochemically tuned Cu_(2)Se-V_(2)O_(5) catalyst exhibited a reduced overpotential of 128 mV and provided a reduced Tafel slope of 57 mV·dec^(−1) to meet the maximum current density of 250 mA·cm^(−2).The optimized strategy for interfacial coupling of the fabricated Cu_(2)Se-V_(2)O_(5) catalyst resulted in a porous structure with accessible active sites,which enabled adsorption of the intermediates and afforded an effective charge transfer rate for promoting the oxygen evolution ***,the combined effect of the catalyst components provided long-term stability for over 110 h in an alkaline solution,which makes the catalyst promising for large-scale practical *** aforementioned advantages of the composite catalyst overcome the limitations of low conductivity,agglomeration,and poor stability of the pure catalysts(Cu2Se and V2O5).

关键词： oxygen evolution reaction Cu_(2)Se-V_(2)O_(5)composite nanosheets metal-diffused ions accessible adsorption sites

Electron Beam Guns for High Energy Electron Accelerators: An Overview

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Journal of Modern Physics 2013年第11期4卷 1536-1539页

作者： munawar iqbal Ghalib Ul Islam Muhammad Ayub Faridi Zusheng Zhou 1Centre for High Energy Physics University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan 2Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Centre for High Energy Physics University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Thermionic electron beam is a fundamental part of all types of linear accelerators around the world in the field of Experimental High Energy Physics. Thermionic beam is very inexpensive and simple to produce. In this work, we give an overview of generation, design and applications of the electron beam with particular reference to e-beam generation at high energy linear accelerators. Experimental data are presented in tabular form for ready reference. We also make an evaluation of these high energy sources with our in-house designed e-beam gun. Finally, a comparison has been presented in terms of characteristic parameters of all these high performance sources.

关键词： E-Beam Guns LINAC Emittance Beam Current

Failure pattern in ceramic metallic target under ballistic impact

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第10期40卷 173-190页

作者： M.A.iqbal M.K.Khan Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology RoorkeeRoorkee 247667India Department of Civil Engineering Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh202002India

The ballistic resistance and failure pattern of a bi-layer alumina 99.5%-aluminium alloy 1100-H12 target against steel 4340 ogival nosed projectile has been explored in the present experimental cum numerical *** the experimental investigation,damage induced in the ceramic layer has been quantified in terms of number of cracks developed and failure zone *** resultant damage in the backing layer has been studied with variation in the bulge and perforation hole in the backing layer with the varying incidence *** discussion of the experimental results has been further followed by three dimensional finite element computations using ABAQUS/Explicit finite code to investigate the behaviour of different types of bi-layer targets under multi-hit projectile *** JH-2 constitutive model has been used to reproduce the behaviour of alumina 99.5%and JC constitutive model has been used for steel 4340 and aluminium alloy *** total energy dissipation has been noted to be of lesser magnitude in case of sub-sequential impact in comparison to simultaneous impact of two *** distance between the impact points of two projectiles also effected the ballistic resistance of bi-layer *** ballistic resistance of single tile ceramic front layer and four tile ceramic of equivalent area found to be dependent upon the boundary conditions provided to the target.

关键词： Ballistic resistance Bi-layer target Ceramic metal armour Multi-hit impact Finite element modelling

Composite Fractional Trapezoidal Rule with Romberg Integration

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第9期140卷 2729-2745页

作者： iqbal M.Batiha Rania Saadeh iqbal H.Jebril Ahmad Qazza Abeer A.Al-Nana Shaher Momani Department of Mathematics Al Zaytoonah University of JordanAmman11733Jordan Nonlinear Dynamics Research Center(NDRC) Ajman UniversityAjman 346United Arab Emirates Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceZarqa UniversityZarqa13110Jordan Department of Mathematics Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAlkharj11942Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics The University of JordanAmman11942Jordan

The aim of this research is to demonstrate a novel scheme for approximating the Riemann-Liouville fractional integral *** would be achieved by first establishing a fractional-order version of the 2-point Trapezoidal rule and then by proposing another fractional-order version of the(n+1)-composite Trapezoidal *** particular,the so-called divided-difference formula is typically employed to derive the 2-point Trapezoidal rule,which has accordingly been used to derive a more accurate fractional-order formula called the(n+1)-composite Trapezoidal ***,in order to increase the accuracy of the proposed approximations by reducing the true errors,we incorporate the so-called Romberg integration,which is an extrapolation formula of the Trapezoidal rule for integration,into our proposed *** numerical examples are provided and compared with a modern definition of the Riemann-Liouville fractional integral operator to illustrate the efficacy of our scheme.

关键词： Composite fractional Trapezoidal rule Romberg integration