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Organic Carbon (OC) and Organic Matter (OM) in Sediments Collected from Two Wetlands in Central Bida Basin, Nigeria

Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2023年第10期11卷 218-226页

作者： Ahmed Aliyu Sidi ipoola ajani okunlola Nuhu Musa Waziri Department of Geology and Mining Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University Lapai Nigeria Department Chemical and Geological Sciences Al-Hikmah University Ilorin Nigeria Department of Geology Federal University of Technology Minna Nigeria

An improvised auger sediment sampler was used to collect sediments at shallow depths from two wetlands in the Northern Bida Basin for laboratory studies in order to ascertain the impact on the chemical quality of groundwater within these two studied locations. The dissolved organic carbon content of water is an important component of the geochemical cycling of elements capable of affecting groundwater quality. The sediments which serve as a conduit and pathways for the elements’ transport depending on the characteristics of the particle sizes are to be considered in the evaluation of contaminant mobility within the pathways. Representative cored sediment samples were collected and their particle size characterization and chemical analysis for Organic Matter (OM), Organic Carbon (OC) and Moisture Content (MC) were carried out. The hydrometer results show that the sediment particle sizes are in the order of sand > clay > silt in both locations with few exceptions. This represents the geology of the area (sandstone). The Mean values of 1.14% and 1.98% of OC and OM respectively were recorded in the sediment samples collected in parts of Ebgako. In contrast, 1.72% and 2.97% mean values were recorded in sediments collected in part of Bida for OC and OM respectively. The values of the OC and OM in the sediments from the two wetlands are low and may have been dissolved along the groundwater pathways to the aquifer. Other physicochemical parameters analysed in the sediments showed poor correlation. OM and OC were strongly positively correlated and showed an R2 value of 1 and 0.9 respectively for parts of the Bida and Egbako sheets. There is low acidity of the sediments from the two study locations with a mean pH value of 5.64 and 5.13 respectively for Egbako and Bida. The low acidic nature of the sediments and the OM and OC composition have the potential to influence biogeochemical processes in the sediments and can affect the chemical quality of the groundwater i

关键词： Organic Matter Organic Carbon Biogeochemical Processes Bida Basin Nigeria

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纳武单抗联合化疗或伊匹单抗治疗胃食管癌

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中国临床药理学杂志 2024年第13期40卷 1887-1887页

作者： SHITARA K ajani J A MOEHLER M 吴焕贤

引自:SHITARA K,ajani J A,MOEHLER M,et *** plus chemotherapy or ipilimumab in gastro-oesop-hageal cancer[J].Nature,2022,603(7903):942-948.标准的一线化疗导致大多数人表皮生长因子受体2(human epidermal growth factor receptor 2,HER2)阴性胃食管腺癌患者在一年内疾病进展和死亡。在一项随机、全球3期试验[CheckMate649,程序性死亡配体-1(programmed death ligand-1,PD-L1)阳性评分≥5分且所有患者随机分组]中。

关键词：人表皮生长因子受体2 联合化疗一线化疗食管腺癌单抗治疗疾病进展 chemotherapy death

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Nonoperative management of gastrointestinal malignancies in era of neoadjuvant treatment

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2023年第1期35卷 44-57页

作者： Nan Chen Jaffer A ajani Aiwen Wu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research(Ministry of Education/Bejing) Gastrointestinal Cancer CenterPeking University Cancer Hospital&InstituteBeijing 100142China Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston 77030USA

Cancers derived from the gastrointestinal(GI)tract are often treated with radical surgery to achieve a ***,recent advances in the management of GI cancers involve the use of a combination of neoadjuvant radiation and chemotherapy followed by surgical intervention to achieve improved local control and ***,a small proportion of patients with highly sensitive tumors achieved a pathological complete response(pCR)(no residual tumor cells in the resected specimen)to neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy(nCRT).The desire for organ preservation and avoidance of surgical morbidity brings the idea of a nonoperative management(NOM)*** of the different nature of tumor biology,GI cancers present diverse responses to nCRT,ranging from high sensitivity(anal cancer)to low sensitivity(gastric/esophageal cancer).There is an increasing attention to NOM of localized GI cancers;however,without the use of biomarkers/imaging parameters to select such patients,NOM will remain a ***,this review intends to summarize some of the recent updates from the aspect of current nCRT regimens,criteria for patient selection and active surveillance *** also hope to review significant sequelae of radical surgery and the complications of nCRT to clarify the directions for optimization of nCRT and NOM for oncologic outcomes and quality of life.

关键词： Nonoperative management gastrointestinal malignancies neoadjuvant treatment

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Is endoscopic ultrasound examination necessary in the management of esophageal cancer?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第5期23卷 751-762页

作者： Tomas DaVee Jaffer A ajani Jeffrey H Lee Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionDivision of Internal MedicineThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology Division of Cancer MedicineThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center

Despite substantial efforts at early diagnosis, accurate staging and advanced treatments, esophageal cancer(EC) continues to be an ominous disease worldwide. Risk factors for esophageal carcinomas include obesity, gastroesophageal reflux disease, hard-alcohol use and tobacco smoking. Five-year survival rates have improved from 5% to 20% since the 1970 s, the result of advances in diagnostic staging and treatment. As the most sensitive test for locoregional staging of EC, endoscopic ultrasound(EUS) influences the development of an optimal oncologic treatment plan for a significant minority of patients with early cancers, which appropriately balances the risks and benefits of surgery, chemotherapy and radiation. EUS is costly, and may not be available at all centers. Thus, the yield of EUS needs to be thoughtfully considered for each patient. Localized intramucosal cancers occasionally require endoscopic resection(ER) for histologic staging or treatment; EUS evaluation may detect suspicious lymph nodes prior to exposing the patient to the risks of ER. Although positron emission tomography(PET) has been increasingly utilized in staging EC, it may be unnecessary for clinical staging of early, localized EC and carries the risk of false-positive metastasis(over staging). In EC patients with evidence of advanced disease, EUS or PET may be used to define the radiotherapy field. Multimodality staging with EUS, crosssectional imaging and histopathologic analysis of ER, remains the standard-of-care in the evaluation of early esophageal cancers. Herein, published data regarding use of EUS for intramucosal, local, regional and metastatic esophageal cancers are reviewed. An algorithm to illustrate the current use of EUS at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center is presented.

关键词： Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Endosonography Echoendoscope Esophagus cancer Esophageal adenocarcinoma

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Ethnomedicinal values of some selected plant species in Federal College of Wildlife Management

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2009年第4期2卷 19-26页

作者： Osunsina IOO Ogunjinmi AA ajani MO Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management University of AgriculturePMB 2240AbeokutaOgun StateNigeria Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management Faculty of AgricultureUniversity Of Port HarcourtPMB 5323Port HarcourtRivers StateNigeria Federal College of Wildlife Management PMB 268New BussaNiger StateNigeria

Objective:The objective of this study was to identify the ethno-medicinal values of some selected plant species in Federal College of Wildlife Management,New Bussa,Niger state,***:Three methods of data collection were employed:(1) reconnansance survey of the College Estate was carried out to identify some selected medicinal plants found within the area:(2) field observations alongside personal recognition of some of these plant species were carried out and(3) interview was also carried out in three villages around the College Estate to determine the plants being utilized by the *** villages were Kere,Labararu and Poppoi. The various uses of the identified plants and their parts used for the said purposes were *** hundred people were interviewed altogether in these *** information gathered on the medicinal uses of plants includes the type of plants,the part used to cure sickness,preparation of concoction,and the type of sickness *** data gathered were presented and analyzed using ***:The results revealed that the identified plant species were being used in curing various diseases such as dysentery,fever, stomach pains,cough,malaria,yellow fever,diarrhea,gonorrhea,pile,body pains and other ***: The study concluded that since the vast numbers of species in the study area possess medicinal values, there is need to conserve and protect the vegetation of the area from unsustainable exploitations which are the common features of vegetation in the surrounding land uses.

关键词： Ethnomedicinal values Plant species New Bussa Nigeria

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Endoscopic management of esophageal cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2019年第10期11卷 830-841页

作者： Osman Ahmed Jaffer A ajani Jeffrey H Lee Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionUniversity of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Medical Oncology University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030United States

Esophageal cancer(EC)generally consists of squamous cell carcinoma(which arise from squamous epithelium)and adenocarcinoma(which arise from columnar epithelium).Due to the increased recognition of risk factors associated with EC and the development of screening programs,there has been an increase in the diagnosis of early *** EC is amenable to curative therapy by endoscopy,which can be performed by either endoscopic resection or endoscopic *** resection consists of either endoscopic mucosal resection(preferred in cases of adenocarcinoma)or endoscopic submucosal dissection(preferred in cases of squamous cell carcinoma).Endoscopic ablation can be performed by either radiofrequency ablation,cryotherapy,argon plasma coagulation or photodynamic therapy,amongst *** can also assist in the management of complications post-esophageal surgery,such as anastomotic leaks and ***,there is a growing role for endoscopy to manage end-of-life palliative symptoms,especially *** growing use of esophageal stents,debulking therapy and dilation can assist in improving a patient’s quality of *** this review,we examine the multiple roles of endoscopy in the management of patients with EC.

关键词： Esophageal cancer Endoscopy Resection Ablation Stent Barrett’s esophagus

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Natural and modified food hydrocolloids as gluten replacement in baked foods:Functional benefits

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Grain & Oil Science and Technology 2023年第4期6卷 163-171页

作者： Emmanuel Anyachukwu Irondi Yunus Temitayo Imam Emmanuel Oladipo ajani Emmanuel Oladeji Alamu Department of Biochemistry Kwara State UniversityMaletePMB 1530IlorinNigeria Food and Nutrition Sciences Laboratory International Institute of Tropical AgriculturePMB 5320Oyo RoadIbadanOyo StateNigeria Food and Nutrition Sciences Laboratory International Institute of Tropical AgricultureSouthern AfricaResearch and Administration Hub(SARAH)Campus PO Box 310142ChelstoneLusaka 10101Zambia

Gluten,the protein responsible for the superior viscoelastic properties of refined wheat flour dough over glutenfree cereals,causes celiac disease in people susceptible to ***,the sustainability of using wheat flour in baked foods is threatened by its high cost,especially in countries that depend on imported wheat for their bakery *** has shown that hydrocolloids serve as gluten replacements in baked foods,in response to these *** hydrocolloids are a class of high-molecular weight polysaccharides and proteins,which serve as functional ingredients in the food industry that modify the foods’rheological and textural *** function as stabilizers,viscosity modifiers,gelling agents,water binders,fibres,and inhibitors of ice crystal in ***,food hydrocolloids have also been reported to possess health-promoting properties,such as lowering of postprandial blood glucose and plasma cholesterol concentrations,colon cancer prevention,and modulation of intestinal transit and *** are obtained from plants,animals or microorganisms,and can be used in their natural or modified *** aim of this paper is to review the functional benefits of natural and modified hydrocolloids as gluten replacements in baked foods,emphasizing their physicochemical,nutraceutical,and sensorial *** application effects of food hydrocolloids as gluten substitutes in gluten-free baked products’quality were ***,some practical approaches to improve the quality of gluten-free baked products,in response to an increasing consumers’demand and the rising cost of refined wheat flour were highlighted.

关键词： Food hydrocolloids Baked food Functional importance Gluten-free food Nutraceutical benefits Sensory quality

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Mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 reveals genetic diversity of the African Snakehead fish Parachanna obscura,Gunther,1861 from Nigeria’s freshwater environment

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2023年第1期8卷 59-66页

作者： Friday Elijah Osho Bamidele Oluwarotimi Omitoyin Emmanuel Kolawole ajani Victor O.Azuh Adedapo Olutola Adediji Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries Management University of IbadanIbadan200284Nigeria Virology and Molecular Diagnostic Unit International Institute of Tropical Agriculture(IITA)Ibadan200001Nigeria Department of Crop Protection and Environmental Biology University of IbadanIbadan200284Nigeria

The study investigated the genetic variation of Parachanna obscura from five rivers(Anambra,Ibbi,Imo,Katsina-Ala and Ogun)in Nigeria using the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 *** was extracted from 19,22,16,18 and 21 fin clips per river population,respectively and subjected to polymerase chain reaction.A total of 96 sequences,each with 671 bp were obtained with 38(5.6%)polymorphic,27(3.8%)parsimoniously informative and 659(98.2%)conserved *** nucleotide composition was C=28.07%,T=29.43%,A=22.18%,G=20.32%.A total of 40 haplotypes with 38 unique sequences as well as 24 substitutions with 22 transversions and two transitions were *** diversity among populations ranged from 0.00184 to 0.00888 representing Ibbi and Imo,respectively while haplotype diversity ranged from 0.77056 to 0.95000 also,from Ibbi and Imo,*** of molecular variance showed that the intra-population variation accounted for 50.05%.Topology from phylogenetic analyses revealed that *** from Imo River was distinctly different from the rest.

关键词： Nucleotide composition Haplotype diversity Molecular variance Phylogenetic analysis Topology

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Astrodaucus persicus as a new source of bioinsectisides against malaria vector, Anopheles stephensi

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第9期10卷 896-899页

作者： Saied Goodarzi Hassan Vatandoost Mohammad Reza Abai Saeed Tavakoli Amir Hatamian Yousef ajani Abbas Hadjiakhoondi Narguess Yassa Zahra Tofighi Medicinal Plants Research Center Faculty of Pharmacy Tehran University of Medical Sciences Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy Tehran University of Medical Sciences

Objective: To determine the larvicidal activities of petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol fractions of roots and fruits extracts of Astrodaucus persicus from Apiaceae family against malaria vector, Anopheles stephensi(An. stephensi).Methods: Twenty five third instar larvae of An. stephensi were exposed to various concentrations(10–160 g/L) of fractions and were assayed according to World Health Organization protocol. The larval mortality was calculated after 24 h ***: Among tested fractions, the highest larvicidal efficacy was observed from ethyl acetate fraction of fruits extract with 50% and 90% mortality values(LC_(50) and LC_(90)) of34.49 g/L and 108.61 g/L, respectively. Chloroform fraction of fruits extract was the second larvicidal sample with LC_(50) of 45.11 g/L and LC_(90) of 139.36 g/L. Petroleum ether fractions of fruits and roots and methanol fraction of fruits showed moderate toxicity against An. ***: Astrodaucus persicus is a potential source of valuable and natural larvicidal compounds against malaria vector, An. stephensi and can be used in mosquitoes control programs as an alternative to synthetic insecticides.

关键词： Astrodaucus persicus Malaria vector Mosquitoes control Bioinsecticide Anopheles stephensi larvae

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Chemotherapy in Multidisciplinary Treatment of Gastric Cancer:US Approaches

Chemotherapy in Multidisciplinary Treatment of Gastric Cance...

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第三届中国肿瘤内科大会

作者： Jaffer A.ajani Department of GI Medical Oncology.University of Texas M.D.Anderson CancerCenter

＜正＞Localized Gastric Cancer:Localized gastric cancer is a potentially curable condition and multidisciplinary review of patient’ s data before therapy is performed is highly *** alone is considered insufficient. The addition of postoperative chemoradiation in the adjuvant setting increases the cure rate by 10% and preoperative chemotherapy also improves the cure rate by approximately 10%.Future advances will come by combining preoperative and postoperative *** is considerable interest in preoperative chemoradiation therapy as well as it has a number of *** challenge will be to individualize therapy based on the understanding of molecular biology and employment of sophisticated imaging techniques.

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