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Simulating Carbon Sequestration and GHGs Emissions in Abies fabric Forest on the Gongga mountains Using a Biogeochemical Process Model Forest-DNDC

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Journal of mountain Science 2008年第3期5卷 249-256页

作者： LU Xuyang CHENG Genwei XIAO Feipeng HUO Changfu institute of mountain hazards and environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 China Graduate University of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China

The process-oriented model Forest-DNDC describing biogeochemical cycling of C and N and GHGs （greenhouse gases） fluxes （CO2, NO and N2O） in forest ecosystems was applied to simulate carbon sequestration and GHGs emissions in Abies fabric forest of the Gongga mountains at southeastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau. The results indicated that the simulated gross primary production （GPP） of Abies fabric forest was strongly affected by temperature. The annual total GPP was 24,245.3 kg C ha^-1 yr^-1 for 2005 and 26,318.8 kg C ha^-1 yr^-1 for 2006, respectively. The annual total net primary production （NPP） was 5,935.5 and 4,882.2 kg C ha^-1 yr^-1 for 2005 and 2006, and the annual total net ecosystem production （NEP） was 4,815.4 and 3,512.8 kg C ha^-1 yr^-1 for 2005 and 2006, respectively. The simulated seasonal variation in CO2 emissions generally followed the seasonal variations in temperature and precipitation. The annual total CO2 emissions were 3,109.0 and 4,821.0 kg C ha^-1 yr^-1 for 2005 and 2006, the simulated annual total N2O emissions from forest soil were 1.47 and 1.36 kg N ha^-1 yr^-1 for 2005 and 2006, and the annual total NO emissions were 0.09 and o.12 kg N ha^-1 yr^-1 for 2005 and 2006, respectively.

关键词： Carbon sequestration Forest-DNDC GHGs Abiesfabric forest Gongga mountains

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高切坡超前支护桩与坡体共同作用分析

山地学报 2006年第5期24卷 574-579页

作者：何思明中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所四川成都610041

针对高切坡施工常常导致边坡失稳破坏,诱发滑坡发生的现象,提出采用超前支护桩整治不稳定高切坡的设计理论。采用解藕方法研究了超前支护桩与开挖坡体之间的相互作用机制,其中高切坡开挖面采用弹性理论分析；超前支护桩采用可以考虑桩... 详细信息

针对高切坡施工常常导致边坡失稳破坏,诱发滑坡发生的现象,提出采用超前支护桩整治不稳定高切坡的设计理论。采用解藕方法研究了超前支护桩与开挖坡体之间的相互作用机制,其中高切坡开挖面采用弹性理论分析；超前支护桩采用可以考虑桩侧向土体屈服的弹塑性理论进行桩的内力理论解,根据两者之间荷载变形关系建立联系求解,为高切坡超前支护桩的设计提供依据。结果表明：桩土相互作用力大于常规主动土压力,与边坡开挖量、开挖高度、支护桩的刚度以及土体性质等因素密切相关。

关键词：超前支护桩高切坡相互作用机制

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中国山地生态安全屏障保护与建设

山地学报 2008年第1期26卷 2-11页

作者：钟祥浩中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所四川成都610041

文章论述了构建中国山地生态安全屏障的重要性,提出了以大陆地势变化三级阶梯为基础的山地生态安全屏障宏观构架,遵循地形为主导因素,并结合水热因素的分异,对中国山地生态安全屏障进行了分区,共分出3个大区,40个区和66个亚区。在此基础... 详细信息

文章论述了构建中国山地生态安全屏障的重要性,提出了以大陆地势变化三级阶梯为基础的山地生态安全屏障宏观构架,遵循地形为主导因素,并结合水热因素的分异,对中国山地生态安全屏障进行了分区,共分出3个大区,40个区和66个亚区。在此基础上,提出了如何开展以亚区为单元的山地生态安全屏障保护与建设的途径及其应着重研究的科学问题,同时,提出开展山地生态安全屏障体系构建及其保护与建设研究可以作为促进山地学科发展切入点的看法。

关键词：中国山地山地生态安全屏障保障与建设

Scattered Rural Settlements and Development of mountainous Regions in Western Sichuan,china

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural sciences 2007年第4期12卷 737-742页

作者： GAO Yanjun CHEN Guojie SHEN Maoying Key Laboratory of mountain hazards and Surface Process Chinese Academy of Sciences/Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 Sichuan China Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China Sichuan academy of Social sciences Chengdu 610072 Sichuan China

Making rural settlements of mountainous Regions in Western Sichuan as the study objects and using symbolic statistical methods, then combining the case study of Daofu County, the paper analyzes the negative impact of the scattered rural settlements on infrastructure construction, farmers＇ income increase and mountain ecological reconstruction in mountainous regions of western Sichuan. The results indicate that economic density is positively related to both rural settlements density （R^2=0.73） and rural population density （R^2=0.77）, and it is the same for relationship between towns density and rural settlements density （R^2=0.88） and between towns density and economic density （R^2=0.71）, and the scattered distribution pattern of the rural settlements and shortage of economic centers is a major factor to the lagged socioeconomic development. On the eco-economic zoning to Daofu County, the paper indicates the spatial distribution model and the industrial development model of the rural settlements need to be changed, and rural population should be concentrated in larger rural settlements with development of off-farm industries while infrastructure construction is to reinforced.

关键词： mountainous regions in western Sichuan rural settlement scattered distribution development

Toxic Plant resources in Panxi Area

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural sciences 2007年第4期12卷 762-768页

作者： XU Yun SU Chunjiang ZHENG Yuanchang institute of mountain hazards and environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 Sichuan China

Panxi Area is abundant in plant resources, among which toxic plants are of great value in terms of exploitation. This paper is an initiative study （via field as well as literature investigation） of the categories, distributions, and reserves of toxic plant resources in Panxi Area. The study reveals that there are 51 families （210 species） of toxic plants evenly distributed in Panxi Area, of which more than 40 species grow in all counties in the area, and more than 14 species total a reserve more than 1.0×10^5 kg. These toxic plants are of great applications to medicine, gardening, biopesticide industry, environmental engineering, and oil manufacturing. Rhododendron molle, Anisodus acutangulus, Arisaema erubesocens, Stellera chamaejasme, Rhytolacca acinosa, Rheum officinale, and Azadiralta indica etc are the typical toxic plants with great value of exploitation in Panxi Area.

关键词： toxic plant resources exploitation categories distributions reserves Panxi Area

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西藏波密米堆沟泥石流堵河模型试验

山地学报 2005年第3期23卷 288-293页

作者：游勇程尊兰中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所四川成都610041

通过室内模型试验,对西藏波密米堆沟不同类型、不同规模的泥石流与主河不同频率洪水遭遇情况下,泥石流堵塞主河及溃决可能性,泥石流、洪水的危害模式进行了研究。米堆沟泥石流堵河模型试验结果表明,不同类型、规模泥石流进入主河与不同... 详细信息

通过室内模型试验,对西藏波密米堆沟不同类型、不同规模的泥石流与主河不同频率洪水遭遇情况下,泥石流堵塞主河及溃决可能性,泥石流、洪水的危害模式进行了研究。米堆沟泥石流堵河模型试验结果表明,不同类型、规模泥石流进入主河与不同规模洪水遭遇,在交汇口表现出不同的堵溃特征;频率P=5%,重度12.74kN/m3,试验流量4.50l/s的水石流在主河仅暂时阻水,不会对主河产生堵塞和溃决;频率P=2%,重度14.70kN/m3,模型流量8.01l/s稀性泥石流会部份阻塞主河道,瞬间完全阻塞及溃决现象不会出现;频率P=1%,重度16.66kN/m3,模型流量10.21l/s泥石流,对主河造成较为严重阻塞,但不会造成瞬间完全堵塞和溃决。

关键词：泥石流堵溃模型试验

A New Process Study on Comprehensive Utilization of NOx from Nitric Acid Plant

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural sciences 2003年第S2期 1001-1006页

作者： Zhou Hou-zhen, Liang Hua institute of mountain hazards and environment, chinese academy of sciences, chengdu 610041, Sichuan, china Southwest institute of Technical Physics, chengdu 610041, Sichuan, china

Based on studies of controlling NOx from nitric acid exhaust gas domestic and abroad, this paper has developed a new technique on removal of NOx and production of aby-product with high added value-MnO2. Experimentshows, pyrolusite, whose valid composition is MnO2 , of absorbing NOx has the following characteristics: quick, low cost, no secondary pollutant. Moreover, exhaust gas can attain the required standards. If the temperature of the pyrolusite serum is 30℃ , pH = 4, containing 90 g/L MnO2, the absorptivity for 3 000 mg/m3 NOx is 89. 2%. Furthermore, few of the impurities in pyrolusite dissolve in the absorption mother solution. The purification cost of product is very low. The purity of end product MnO2 is more than 99. 995% after purifying. Therefore, it is workable for the new technique on economy and technology. There are also obvious environmental benefits and marked economic returns.

关键词： NOx nitric acid exhaust gas comprehensive utilization pyrolusite MnO2

Measuring the Internal Velocity of Debris Flows Using Impact Pressure Detecting in the Flume Experiment

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Journal of mountain Science 2011年第2期8卷 109-116页

作者： YANG Hongjuan WEI Fangqiang HU Kaiheng Sergey CHERNOMORETS HONG Yong LI Xiaoyu XIE Tao Key Laboratory of mountain hazards and Surface Process ChineseAcademy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 China institute of mountain hazards and environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 China Faculty of Geography Moscow State University Moscow Russia

Measuring the internal velocity of debris flows is very important for debris flow dynamics research and designing debris flow control works. However, there is no appropriate method for measuring the internal velocity because of the destructive power of debris flow process. In this paper, we address this problem by using the relationship between velocity and kinetic pressure, as described by surface velocity and surface kinetic pressure data. Kinetic pressure is the difference of impact pressure and static pressure. The former is detected by force sensors installed in the flow direction at the sampling section. Observations show that static pressure can be computed using the formula for static water pressure by simply substituting water density for debris flow density. We describe the relationship between surface velocity and surface kinetic pressure using data from seven laboratory flume experiments. It is consistent with the relationship for single phase flow, which is the measurement principle of the Pitot tube.

关键词： Internal velocity Measurement Debris flow Impact pressure

Analysis of Major Driving Forces of Ecological Footprint Based on the STRIPAT Model and RR Method:A Case of Sichuan Province,Southwest china

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Journal of mountain Science 2011年第4期8卷 611-618页

作者： TANG Wei ZHONG Xianghao LIU Shaoquan institute of mountain Hazard and environment Chinese Academy of Science Chengdu 610041 China Graduate school of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China

The Ecological Footprint(EF) equation provides useful accounting to analyze the relationship between human activities and the *** of the specific forces driving EF is not fully understood but the STIRPAT model provides a simple framework for decomposing the impact of human activities on *** applied the EF model in Sichuan Province,china to assess the impact of human *** per capita EF increased by 2 fold in the 14 years between 1995 and 2008,but ecological capacity decreased in the same period,suggesting that the biologically productive area of Sichuan Province is inadequate to sustain human *** to the refined STIRPAT model,the hypothesized driving forces of EF include population size(P),GDP per capita(A1),quadratic term of GDP per capita(A2),percentage of GDP from industry(T1) and urbanization rate(T2).However,the multi-collinearity among these drivers could be a substantial problem which may reveal negative effect in the final *** of the Ridge Regression(RR) method to fit the STIRPAT model had the advantage of being able to avoid the collinearity among independent *** results showed that population is the principal driving force of EF variation in Sichuan Province and that urbanization and industrialization also have a positive association with the *** of affluence elasticity(EEA) showed that the relationship betweenEF and economic growth was not curvilinear,suggesting that variation of EF does not follow an environmental Kuznets Curve relative to economic growth in Sichuan Province.

关键词： Ecological footprint STIRTPAT model Ridge Regression Major driving forces Sichuan Province china