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BUD2,encoding an S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase,is required for Arabidopsis growth and development

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Cell Research 2006年第5期16卷 446-456页

作者： Chunmin Ge~(1,2,*) Xia Cui~(1,2,*) Yonghong Wang~1 Yuxin Hu~3 Zhiming Fu~1 Dongfen Zhang~(1,2) Zhukuan Cheng~1 Jiayang Li~1 ~1State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research,institute of genetics and Developmental Biology,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100101,china ~2Graduate School,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100101,china ~3institute of Botany,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100093,china State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Graduate School Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Polyamines are implicated in regulating various developmental processes in plants,but their exact roles and how theygovern these processes still remain *** report here an Arabidopsis bushy and dwarf mutant,bud2,which resultsfrom the complete deletion of one member of the small gene family that encodes S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylases(SAMDCs) necessary for the formation of the indispensable intermediate in the polyamine biosynthetic ***2 plant has enlarged vascular systems in inflorescences,roots,and petioles,and an altered homeostasis *** double mutant of bud2 and samdcl,a knockdown mutant of another SAMDC member,is embryo lethal,demonstrat-ing that SAMDCs are essential for plant *** results suggest that polyamines are required for the normalgrowth and development of higher plants.

关键词： BUD2 polyamines embryogenesis plant architecture Arabidopsis

Construction of a soybean linkage map using an F_2 hybrid population from a cultivated variety and a semi-wild soybean

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chinese Science Bulletin 1997年第12期42卷 1033-1037页

作者： ZHANG Deshui, DONG Wei, HUI Dongwei, CHEN Shouyi and ZHUANG Bingchang1. Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, institute of genetics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china 2 Soybean institute, Jilin academy of Agricultural sciences, Jiltn 136100, china Plant Biotechnolcgy Laboratory Institute of Genetics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Soybean institute Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences Jilin China

ALTHOUGH soybean is one of world’s leading sources of seed oil and seed protein, the develop-ment of its genetic map has lagged behind that of other crops such as rice and maize. The maincauses for this can be attributed to the lack of genetic diversity among soybean accessions, thepaucity of classical markers, the big size and complexity of the genome, and the small size anddifficulty in distinguishing of the chromosomes. The classical genetic map of

关键词： soybean F2 population molecular linkage map.

Genetic variations of glycinin subunit genes among cultivated and wild type soybean species

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2008年第1期18卷 33-41页

作者： Chunmei Wang, Xiaolei Wu, Faxing Jia, Jinsong Zhang *, Shouyi Chen * National Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, institute of genetics and Developmental Biology, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china National Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

Glycinin is a predominant storage protein in most soybean accessions. It is a hexamer constituted by five major subunits, which can be classified into two groups. Group I contains G1, G2 and G3, and Group II contains G4 and G5. The genes encoding these subunits have been designated from Gy1 to Gy5, respectively. In the present study, Gy1 genomic fragments were cloned from wild accessions of sub- genera Glycine glycine, Glycine soja and a cultivar of Glycine max. Their sequences and the deduced amino acid sequences were com- pared. The residues critical for assembling of G1 subunits from the wild perennial accession were conservative. The Gy4 fragments were cloned from two wild perennial accessions and compared with that from subgenus Soja. The intron 3 of Gy4 had abundant vari- ations between the subgenera G. soja and G. glycine as well as within the subgenus G. glycine. Abundant variations existed in the dis- ordered regions 3 and 4 of G4 subunits from two wild perennial accessions. The genomic organization of glycinin genes was analyzed in 19 accessions from subgenera Soja and Glycine. The hybridization patterns were identical among the accessions of subgenus Soja. On the contrary, abundant polymorphisms existed between the accessions from subgenus Glycine. These results indicated that gly- cinin genes have high degree of conservation within subgenus Soja but more variations within subgenus Glycine.

关键词： Genetic variation Glycinin subunit genes Soybean

Utilization of blue-grained character in wheat breeding derived from Thinopyrum poticum

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Journal of genetics and Genomics 2009年第9期36卷 575-580页

作者： Qi Zheng, Bin Li, Hongwei Li, Zhensheng Li The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, institute of genetics and Developmental Biology, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china The State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

The blue grain trait in common wheat （Triticum aestivum L., 2n = 6x = 42, AABBDD）, which is caused by blue pigments in the aleurone layer, was originally derived from the tall wheatgrass （Thinopyrum ponticum Liu ＆ Wang = Agropyron elongatum, 2n = 10x = 70, StStStStEeEeEbEbEXEx） during chromosome engineering research. Over the last few decades, there have been continued interests in the genetic mechanism of this blue coloration and the practical utilization of the blue aleurone character as a phenotypic marker. This article reviews the research history and the recent progress of the studies on blue-grained wheat, with emphases on genetic and biochemical analysis and practical applications of blue-grained wheat.

关键词： Triticum aestivum Thinopyrum ponticum blue-grained character translocation

Discovery of microchromosomes in wheat and their special behavior in meiosis

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chinese Science Bulletin 1997年第24期42卷 2084-2087页

作者： XU Qi, YU Ling, TIAN Zengrong, ZHU Jianfeng, LI Bin and LI Zhensheng Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Breeding of Shaanxi Province, Northwestern institute of Botany, chinese academy of sciences, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, china 2. State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, institute of genetics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Breeding of Shaanxi Province Northwestern Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Yangling Shaanxi 712100 China

THERE are 42 chromosomes in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L). The extra microchro-mosomes were discovered in alloplasmic lines of common wheat with cytoplasms of Ae. muti-ca, Secale cereale, Elytrigia elongatum and Agropyron glaucum. The microchromo-somes were discovered in amphiploid of Triticum aestivum-Secale cereale (DDRR) too.

关键词： wheat microchromosomes behavior in meiosis.

Structure and regulatory function of plant transcription factors

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chinese Science Bulletin 2001年第4期46卷 271-278页

作者： LIU Qiang, ZHANG Guiyou & CHEN ShouyiDepartment of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Tsinghua Univorsity, beijing 100084, china Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology, State Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Tsinghua University, beijing 100084, china institute of genetics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology Tsinghua University Beijing China Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology State Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology Tsinghua University Beijing China institute of genetics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

The expression of inducible genes in plants is regulated by specific transcription factors at the transcrip-tional level. A typical transcription factor usually contains a DNA-binding domain, a transcription regulation domain, a dimerization site and a nuclear localization domain. These functional domains define the characteristic, localization and regulatory role of a transcription factor. Transcription factors recognize and bind to specific cis-acting elements or interact with other proteins, and then activate or repress the transcription of target genes by their functional domains. In recent years, elucidation on the structure and function of transcription factors has become an important subject in plant molecular biology.

关键词： transcription factor DNA-binding domain cis-acting element.

Origin of Gymnocypris przewalskii and phylogenetic history of Gymnocypris eckloni (Teleostei: Cyprinidae)

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第05期17卷 520-528页

作者： Zhao Kai, Duan Ziyuan, Yang Gongshe, Peng Zuogang, He Shunping and Chen Yiyu (institute of Hydrobiology, chinese academy of sciences, Wuhan 430072, china Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, Northwest Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling 712100, china Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Qinghai University, Xining 810003, china institute of genetics and Developmental Biology, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china) institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430072 China Steward Observatory University of Arizona 933 North Cherry Avenue Tucson AZ 85721

The origins and phylogenetic patterns were assessed for G. przewalskii and G. eckloni by analyzing the complete mtDNA cytochrome b gene sequence (1140bp). Phylogenetic analyses further supported that there were three mtDNA lineages (A-C) identified in G. przewalskii and G. eckloni, demonstrating that outer rakers of the first gill have little significance in the phylogeny of the Gymnocypris fishes. The network established showed that G . eckloni of the Yellow River specific haplotype Al was a founder and it radiated all haplotypes of G. przewalskii which suggested G . przewalskii might only originate from one of two maternals of G . eckloni from the Yellow River. Fs test and mismatch analysis showed at least two expansion events in the population of G. przewalskii about 0.2734 Ma and 0.0658 Ma, while G. eckloni from Qaidam Basin could have experienced severe bottleneck effect about 0.0693 Ma. The population expansion was detected in subclades Al and A21 with the most recent common ancestor (TMRCA) about 0. 2308±0.01 Ma and 0.1319±0. 015 Ma, respectively, which were within the geological age range of "Gonghe Movement" event that caused the separation of Lake Qinghai from the upper Yellow River. These results suggested the effect of the fish diversification by rapid uplift of the Qing-hai-Tibetan Plateau in the Late Pleistocene.

关键词： G. przewalskii G. eckloni origin Cyt b phylogeography.

Critical phosphorus concentrations in winter wheat genotypes with various phosphorus efficiencies

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Journal of Environmental sciences 1999年第1期11卷 79-85页

作者： Wang Qing ren, Li Ji yun Research Center for Eco Environmental sciences, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100085, china Li Zhen sheng Research institute of genetics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china

Under greenhouse conditions, a pot experiment was conducted to seek critical phosphorus concentrations of wheat genotypes with high and low phosphorus use efficiency. Results indicated that low efficient genotype was much more sensitive to phosphorus deficiency, with low or without phosphorus application, seed yield and dry matter of biomass were much lower. The yield of all the genotypes gradually got higher as application rate increased, but high efficient genotype——Lofflin produced relatively higher yields of seeds and biomass with low or without phosphorus input. Highly tolerate to low availability of soil phosphorus and efficient activation and absorption for soil unavailable phosphorus had been displayed. As application rates increased, yields of both genotypes were increased but high efficient genotype maintained stable while low efficient one showed continuously increase with remuneration decrease progressively. Critical phosphorus concentrations in high efficient genotypes of winter wheat were lower than that in low efficient ones and changed with various development stages, for example, at seedling state, the concentrations of high efficient genotype were 4.50—4.60 g/kg while low efficient one was 5.0 g/kg. They were 2.25—2.30 g/kg and 2.52 g/kg at flower stage, 1.96—2.05 g/kg and 2.15 g/kg at maturity respectively. But the values in seeds were reversal, higher in high efficient genotype(4.05—4.10 g/kg) than that in low efficient(3.90 g/kg). Therefore, phosphorus high efficient genotypes belong to the phosphorus resource saving type.

关键词： critical phosphorus concentration wheat genotypes phosphorus efficiency.

Transcritption regulation of soybean ribulose-1,5-bisphos-phate carboxylase small sub-unit gene by external factors

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chinese Science Bulletin 2002年第1期47卷 37-43页

作者： HE Chaoying, WANG Weiquan,DONGFANG Yang, ZHANG Jinsong, GAI Junyi& CHEN ShouyiPlant Biotechnology Laboratory, institute of genetics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china National Center for Soybean Improvement, Soybean Research Inst Plant Biotechnology Laboratory Institute of Genetics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China National Center for Soybean Improvement Soybean Research Institute Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing China

Ribulose-l,5-bisphosphate carboxylase small subunit gene (rbcS) is present with multi-gene family in plant genome. In Glycine max, the rbcS polypeptide (EC4.***.1.39) is encoded by a gene family containing 4-8 members. Three full-length rbcS cDNA clones were isolated and characterized from soybean seedlings, and both of their nucleotide and amino acid sequences showed high similarity. Differential accumulation of the rbcS mRNA was observed among roots, hypocotyls, cotyledons, epicotyls and leaves. The rbcS genes were up-regulated by various external factors such as salicylic acid (SA), salt stress and drought stress. The expression level of rbcS genes after being treated by 2.0 mmol/L SA and0.4% NaCl, respectively, is 2.5-3.0-fold as high as that of control sample. Moreover, soybean rbcS mRNA was accu-mulated with diurnal variation but easily influenced by light and low temperature.

关键词： soybean ribulose-1 5-bisphosphate carboxylase small subunit gene (rbcS) salicylic acid water stress diurnal variation.