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An Access Control Scheme Using Heterogeneous Signcryption for IoT Environments

Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第3期70卷 4307-4321页

作者： insaf ullah Hira Zahid Fahad Algarni Muhammad Asghar Khan Hamdard Institute of Engineering and Technology Islamabad44000Pakistan Department of Information Technology Abbottabad University of Science and TechnologyAbbottabadPakistan College of Computing and Information Technology The University of BishaBishaSaudi Arabia

When the Wireless Sensor Network(WSN)is combined with the Internet of Things(IoT),it can be employed in a wide range of applications,such as agriculture,industry 4.0,health care,smart homes,among others.Accessing the big data generated by these applications in Cloud Servers(CSs),requires higher levels of authenticity and confidentiality during communication conducted through the Internet.Signcryption is one of the most promising approaches nowadays for overcoming such obstacles,due to its combined nature,i.e.,signature and encryption.A number of researchers have developed schemes to address issues related to access control in the IoT literature,however,the majority of these schemes are based on homogeneous nature.This will be neither adequate nor practical for heterogeneous IoT environments.In addition,these schemes are based on bilinear pairing and elliptic curve cryptography,which further requires additional processing time and more communication overheads that is inappropriate for real-time communication.Consequently,this paper aims to solve the above-discussed issues,we proposed an access control scheme for IoT environments using heterogeneous signcryption scheme with the efficiency and security hardiness of hyperelliptic curve.Besides the security services such as replay attack prevention,confidentiality,integrity,unforgeability,non-repudiations,and forward secrecy,the proposed scheme has very low computational and communication costs,when it is compared to existing schemes.This is primarily because of hyperelliptic curve lighter nature of key and other parameters.The AVISPA tool is used to simulate the security requirements of our proposed scheme and the results were under two backbends(Constraint Logic-based Attack Searcher(CL-b-AtSER)and On-the-Fly Model Checker(ON-t-FL-MCR))proved to be SAFE when the presented scheme is coded in HLPSL language.This scheme was proven to be capable of preventing a variety of attacks,including confidentiality,integrity,unforgeability,non-repudiation,forward secrecy,and repl

关键词： Internet of Things(IoT) access control big data heterogeneous signcryption

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The Double Edge Sword Based Distributed Executor Service

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2022年第8期42卷 589-604页

作者： Faisal Bahadur Arif Iqbal Umar insaf ullah Fahad Algarni Muhammad Asghar Khan Department of Information Technology Hazara UniversityMansehra21300Pakistan Hamdard Institute of Engineering and Technology Islamabad 44000Pakistan College of Computing and Information Technology The University of BishaBishaSaudi Arabia

Scalability is one of the most important quality attribute of softwareintensive systems,because it maintains an effective performance parallel to the large fluctuating and sometimes unpredictable workload.In order to achieve scalability,thread pool system(TPS)(which is also known as executor service)has been used extensively as a middleware service in software-intensive systems.TPS optimization is a challenging problem that determines the optimal size of thread pool dynamically on runtime.In case of distributed-TPS(DTPS),another issue is the load balancing b/w available set of TPSs running at backend servers.Existing DTPSs are overloaded either due to an inappropriate TPS optimization strategy at backend servers or improper load balancing scheme that cannot quickly recover an overload.Consequently,the performance of software-intensive system is suffered.Thus,in this paper,we propose a new DTPS that follows the collaborative round robin load balancing that has the effect of a double-edge sword.On the one hand,it effectively performs the load balancing(in case of overload situation)among available TPSs by a fast overload recovery procedure that decelerates the load on the overloaded TPSs up to their capacities and shifts the remaining load towards other gracefully running TPSs.And on the other hand,its robust load deceleration technique which is applied to an overloaded TPS sets an appropriate upper bound of thread pool size,because the pool size in each TPS is kept equal to the request rate on it,hence dynamically optimizes TPS.We evaluated the results of the proposed system against state of the art DTPSs by a clientserver based simulator and found that our system outperformed by sustaining smaller response times.

关键词： Software-intensive systems distributed executor service load balancing overload monitoring multi-threading thread pool performance

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An Efficient Proxy Blind Signcryption Scheme for IoT

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第3期70卷 4293-4306页

作者： Aamer Khan insaf ullah Fahad Algarni Muhammad Naeem M.Irfan Uddin Muhammad Asghar Khan Department of Information Technology Abbottabad University of Science and TechnologyAbbotabadPakistan Hamdard Institute of Engineering and Technology Islamabad44000Pakistan College of Computing and Information Technology University of BishaBishaSaudi Arabia Institute of Computing Kohat University of Science and TechnologyKohatPakistan

Recent years have witnessed growing scientific research interest in the Internet of Things(IoT)technologies,which supports the development of a variety of applications such as health care,Industry 4.0,agriculture,ecological data management,and other various domains.IoT utilizes the Internet as a prime medium of communication for both single documents as well as multi-digital messages.However,due to the wide-open nature of the Internet,it is important to ensure the anonymity,untraceably,confidentiality,and unforgeability of communication with efficient computational complexity and low bandwidth.We designed a light weight and secure proxy blind signcryption for multi-digital messages based on a hyperelliptic curve(HEC).Our results outperform the available schemes in terms of computational cost and communication bandwidth.The designed scheme also has the desired authentication,unforgeability of warrants and/or plaintext,confidentiality,integrity,and blindness,respectively.Further,our scheme is more suitable for devices with low computation power such as mobiles and tablets.

关键词： Proxy signcryption multi-digital-documents proxy blind signcryption hyperelliptic curve IoT

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Speech Recognition-Based Automated Visual Acuity Testing with Adaptive Mel Filter Bank

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第2期70卷 2991-3004页

作者： Shibli Nisar Muhammad Asghar Khan Fahad Algarni Abdul Wakeel M.Irfan Uddin insaf ullah Department of Electrical Engineering National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)Islamabad44000Pakistan Hamdard Institute of Engineering&Technology Islamabad44000Pakistan College of Computing and Information Technology University of BishaBishaSaudi Arabia Institute of Computing Kohat University of Science and TechnologyKohatPakistan

One of the most commonly reported disabilities is vision loss,which can be diagnosed by an ophthalmologist in order to determine the visual system of a patient.This procedure,however,usually requires an appointment with an ophthalmologist,which is both time-consuming and expensive process.Other issues that can arise include a lack of appropriate equipment and trained practitioners,especially in rural areas.Centered on a cognitively motivated attribute extraction and speech recognition approach,this paper proposes a novel idea that immediately determines the eyesight deficiency.The proposed system uses an adaptive filter bank with weighted mel frequency cepstral coefficients for feature extraction.The adaptive filter bank implementation is inspired by the principle of spectrum sensing in cognitive radio that is aware of its environment and adapts to statistical variations in the input stimuli by learning from the environment.Comparative performance evaluation demonstrates the potential of our automated visual acuity test method to achieve comparable results to the clinical ground truth,established by the expert ophthalmologist’s tests.The overall accuracy achieved by the proposed model when compared with the expert ophthalmologist test is 91.875%.The proposed method potentially offers a second opinion to ophthalmologists,and serves as a cost-effective pre-screening test to predict eyesight loss at an early stage.

关键词： Eyesight test speech recognition HMM SVM feature extraction

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IDS-INT:Intrusion detection system using transformer-based transfer learning for imbalanced network traffic

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第1期10卷 190-204页

作者： Farhan ullah Shamsher ullah Gautam Srivastava Jerry Chun-Wei Lin School of Software Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXian710072ShaanxiChina Knowledge Unit of Systems and Technology University of Management and TechnologySialkot 51040Pakistan Department of Math and Computer Science Brandon UniversityBrandonMB R7A 6A9Canada Department of Computer Science and Mat Lebanese American UniversityBeirut1102Lebanon Western Norway University of Applied Sciences BergenNorway Research Centre for Intermeural Computing China Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwanChina

A network intrusion detection system is critical for cyber security against llegitimate attacks.In terms of feature perspectives,network traffic may include a variety of elements such as attack reference,attack type,a subcategory of attack,host information,malicious scripts,etc.In terms of network perspectives,network traffic may contain an imbalanced number of harmful attacks when compared to normal traffic.It is challenging to identify a specific attack due to complex features and data imbalance issues.To address these issues,this paper proposes an Intrusion Detection System using transformer-based transfer learning for Imbalanced Network Traffic(IDS-INT).IDS-INT uses transformer-based transfer learning to learn feature interactions in both network feature representation and imbalanced data.First,detailed information about each type of attack is gathered from network interaction descriptions,which include network nodes,attack type,reference,host information,etc.Second,the transformer-based transfer learning approach is developed to learn detailed feature representation using their semantic anchors.Third,the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique(SMOTE)is implemented to balance abnormal traffic and detect minority attacks.Fourth,the Convolution Neural Network(CNN)model is designed to extract deep features from the balanced network traffic.Finally,the hybrid approach of the CNN-Long Short-Term Memory(CNN-LSTM)model is developed to detect different types of attacks from the deep features.Detailed experiments are conducted to test the proposed approach using three standard datasets,i.e.,UNsWNB15,CIC-IDS2017,and NSL-KDD.An explainable AI approach is implemented to interpret the proposed method and develop a trustable model.

关键词： Network intrusion detection Transfer learning Features extraction Imbalance data Explainable AI Cybersecurity

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Evaluating the Efficiency of CBAM-Resnet Using Malaysian Sign Language

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 2755-2772页

作者： Rehman ullah Khan Woei Sheng Wong insaf ullah Fahad Algarni Muhammad Inam Ul Haq Mohamad Hardyman bin Barawi Muhammad Asghar Khan Faculty of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development Universiti Malaysia SarawakKuching94300Malaysia Hamdard Institute of Engineering and Technology Islamabad44000Pakistan College of Computing and Information Technology The University of BishaBisha61922Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Sciences Khushal Khan Khattak UniversityKarak27200Pakistan

The deaf-mutes population is constantly feeling helpless when others do not understand them and vice versa.To fill this gap,this study implements a CNN-based neural network,Convolutional Based Attention Module(CBAM),to recognise Malaysian Sign Language(MSL)in videos recognition.This study has created 2071 videos for 19 dynamic signs.Two different experiments were conducted for dynamic signs,using CBAM-3DResNet implementing‘Within Blocks’and‘Before Classifier’methods.Various metrics such as the accuracy,loss,precision,recall,F1-score,confusion matrix,and training time were recorded to evaluate the models’efficiency.Results showed that CBAM-ResNet models had good performances in videos recognition tasks,with recognition rates of over 90%with little ***‘Before Classifier’is more efficient than‘Within Blocks’models of CBAM-ResNet.All experiment results indicated the CBAM-ResNet‘Before Classifier’efficiency in recognising Malaysian Sign Language and its worth of future research.

关键词： CBAM-ResNet malaysian sign language within blocks before classifier efficiency evaluation

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A Perfect Knob to Scale Thread Pool on Runtime

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第7期72卷 1483-1493页

作者： Faisal Bahadur Arif Iqbal Umar insaf ullah Fahad Algarni Muhammad Asghar Khan Samih M.Mostafa Department of Information Technology Hazara UniversityMansehra21300Pakistan Hamdard Institute of Engineering and Technology Islamabad CampusPakistan College of Computing and Information Technology The University of BishaBishaSaudi Arabia Faculty of Computers and Information South Valley UniversityQena83523Egypt

Scalability is one of the utmost nonfunctional requirement of server applications,because it maintains an effective performance parallel to the large fluctuating and sometimes unpredictable workload.In order to achieve scalability,thread pool system(TPS)has been used extensively as a middleware service in server applications.The size of thread pool is the most significant factor,that affects the overall performance of servers.Determining the optimal size of thread pool dynamically on runtime is a challenging problem.The most widely used and simple method to tackle this problem is to keep the size of thread pool equal to the request rate,i.e.,the frequencyoriented thread pool(FOTP).The FOTPs are the most widely used TPSs in the industry,because of the implementation simplicity,the negligible overhead and the capability to use in any system.However,the frequency-based schemes only focused on one aspect of changes in the load,and that is the fluctuations in request rate.The request rate alone is an imperfect knob to scale thread pool.Thus,this paper presents a workload profiling based FOTP,that focuses on request size(service time of request)besides the request rate as a knob to scale thread pool on runtime,because we argue that the combination of both truly represents the load fluctuation in server-side applications.We evaluated the results of the proposed system against state of the art TPS of Oracle Corporation(by a client-server-based simulator)and concluded that our system outperformed in terms of both;the response times and throughput.

关键词： Scalability performance middleware workload profiling multithreading thread pool

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Considering solid shear stress in MP-PIC simulation of a CFB riser

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Particuology 2024年第6期89卷 79-87页

作者： Tagir Kadyrov Fei Li Atta ullah Nature-inspired Engineering Center University of TyumenTyumen 625003Russia Laboratory of Theory and Optimization of Chemical and Technological Processes University of TyumenTyumen625003Russia State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Department of Chemical Engineering Pakistan Institute of Engineering&Applied SciencesIslamabad 45650Pakistan

To enable successful multi-phase particle-in-cell(MP-PIC)simulations of circulating fluidized beds(CFBs),both the interphase drag force and interparticle collisions need to be carefully modeled.Particle collisions are usually represented by the solid stress consisting of the normal and shear components,in which the normal stress was found to have a leading role in the numerical stability of MP-PIC simulations,whereas the impact of the shear stress has seldom been reported.In this work,the effects of the solid shear stress are investigated by using two-dimensional simulations of the moderately dense laboratory-scale CFB riser with in-house MP-PIC code implemented on MFIX open-source platform.Cases including only normal solid stress and those considering both normal and shear solid stresses are simulated.The results of solids flux,axial and radial solids profiles are compared with available experimental data.The results show that the solid shear stress plays a minor role on the accuracy of simulation,and the increase of PPP(number particles per parcel)leads to a lower accuracy of simulation.

关键词： Simulation Fluidization Multiphase particle-in-cell(MP-PIC) Solid shear stress

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CD9 role in proliferation, rejuvenation, and therapeutic applications

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 95-97页

作者： Sai Priyanka Kodam Neda Baghban Mujib ullah Institutefor Immunityand Transplantation Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative MedicineSchool of MedicineMolecular Medicine Department of MedicineStanford UniversityPaloAltoCA94304USA

The CD9 gene,also known as the Tspan29 gene,codes for a protein called CD9,which is a member of the tetraspanin family of transmembrane proteins.^(1) The CD9 protein is involved in various cellular processes,including cell proliferation,differentiation,adhesion,and migration.^(1,2) CD9 has also been found to play a role in the regulation of stem cell proliferation and differentiation.

关键词： migration. therapeutic CD9

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Ambiguity Resolution in Direction of Arrival Estimation with Linear Antenna Arrays Using Differential Geometry

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第1期70卷 581-599页

作者： Alamgir Safi Muhammad Asghar Khan Fahad Algarni Muhammad Adnan Aziz M.Irfan Uddin insaf ullah Tanweer Ahmad Cheema Department of Electronic Engineering ISRA UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Hamdard Institute of Engineering&Technology Islamabad44000Pakistan College of Computing and Information Technology University of BishaBishaSaudi Arabia Institute of Computing Kohat University of Science and TechnologyKohatPakistan

Linear antenna arrays(LAs)can be used to accurately predict the direction of arrival(DOAs)of various targets of interest in a given area.However,under certain conditions,LA suffers from the problem of ambiguities among the angles of targets,which may result inmisinterpretation of such targets.In order to cope up with such ambiguities,various techniques have been proposed.Unfortunately,none of them fully resolved such a problem because of rank deficiency and high computational cost.We aimed to resolve such a problem by proposing an algorithm using differential geometry.The proposed algorithm uses a specially designed doublet antenna array,which is made up of two individual linear arrays.Two angle observation models,ambiguous observation model(AOM)and estimated observation model(EOM),are derived for each individual array.The ambiguous set of angles is contained in the AOM,which is obtained from the corresponding array elements using differential geometry.The EOM for each array,on the other hand,contains estimated angles of all sources impinging signals on each array,as calculated by a direction-finding algorithm such as the genetic algorithm.The algorithm then contrasts the EOM of each array with its AOM,selecting the output of that array whose EOM has the minimum correlation with its corresponding AOM.In comparison to existing techniques,the proposed algorithm improves estimation accuracy and has greater precision in antenna aperture selection,resulting in improved resolution capabilities and the potential to be used more widely in practical scenarios.The simulation results using MATLAB authenticates the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

关键词： Antenna array direction of arrival ambiguity resolution doublet antenna array ambiguous observation model estimated observation model

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