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Could ERA5 Deliver Better Climate Services Than ERA-Interim over the West African Sahel Region?

Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2024年第4期13卷 144-158页

作者： Mahamane Rabilou Iro Ousmane inoussa abdou saley Saidou Chaibou abdoul Aziz Mounkaila saley Moussa Kone Diakaria Ibrah Seidou Sanda Manga Ousmane Adamou Dungall Laouali Département de Physique Facultédes Sciences et TechniquesUniversitéAbdou MoumouniBP 10662NiameyNiger Diori Hamani International Airport BP 1096NiameyNiger West African Science Service Center on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use(WASCAL) Doctoral Research Program in Climate Change and Energy(DRP-CCE)Abdou Moumouni UniversityBP 10662NiameyNiger African School of Meteorology and Civil Aviation(EAMAC) B.P 746NiameyNiger Centre Climatique Régional pour l’Afrique de l’Ouest et Sahel(AGRHYMET-CCR-AOS) BP 11011NiameyNiger

Our paper assessed the improvement performance of the reanalysis(ERA5)compared to ERAI(ERA-Interim)both from the ECMWF(European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecast)in representing the WAM(West African Monsoon)*** aim is to evaluate the reliability of ERA5 to deliver better climate services than ERAI in the West African Sahel *** complementary observational databases namely the CRU(Climate Research Unit)and the GPCC(Global Precipitation Climatology Center)data are used to evaluate precipitation and temperature representation by the two ***,the representation of some major features of the WAM system,such as the SHL(Saharan Heat Low),the AEJ/TEJ(African and Tropical Easterly Jets)was assessed using the two reanalysis *** obtained results show a better representation of the seasonal accumulated precipitation and average temperature by ERA5 compared to ERAI with higher spatial correlation and lower bias relative to the ***,ERAI appears to be rainier than ERA5 but ERA5 produces more heavy rainfall *** the period of intense monsoon,the frequency of the SHL is higher for ERAI which would favor intensification of monsoon inflow and *** lower SHL frequency observed in the ERA5 could explain the observed weakening intensity of AEJ which is favorable for moist conditions over the *** findings confirm the progress made by ERA5 compared to ERAI in representing the WAM dynamic and demonstrate its reliability for delivering better climate services over the West African Sahel.

关键词： ERA5 ERAI West African Monsoon System Sahel SHL

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Hepatic Elastometry in the Management of Hepatitis B at National Hospital of Niamey

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期14卷 313-321页

作者： Ousseini Fanta Hamidine Illa Moussa saley Sahada abdourahamane Idrissa Fatouma abdou Nafissatou Ali Cheik Rakia abdou Boubé abdou Djibo Ben Moctar Ky Lawagoulé Joseph Emile Daou Mamane Faculty of Health Sciences Abdou Moumouni University Niamey Niger Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology National Hospital of Niamey Niamey Niger Laboratoire de Recherche Clinique et Systme de Sant Niger Universit Andr Salifou of Zinder Zinder Niger Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology Zinder National Hospital Zinder Niger Department of Infectiology National Hospital of Niamey Niamey Niger Regional Hospital Centre of Niamey Niamey Niger Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology General Reference Hospital of Niamey Niamey Niger Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology The University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Internal Medicine General Reference Hospital of Niamey Niamey Niger

Introduction: Viral hepatitis B is a public health problem in Niger which is classified as a high endemicity area with a prevalence ranging from 8 to 17% depending on the studies [1] and that of HBV-related cirrhosis is about 40.26% in 2024. The decision to treat is based on a combination of three parameters: viral load, ALT values and the degree of hepatic fibrosis [2]. The latter is assessed by hepatic elastography (Fibroscan), which is a decisive factor in treatment. In Niger, until 2024, the decision to treat or not to treat a patient with HBV was based on the determination of viral load B and transaminases, and no work evaluating the contribution of this third element, liver elasticity, has been done, hence the interest of our study. Objective: To study the contribution of Fibroscan in measuring hepatic elasticity in the management of patients with HBV. Methodology: This was a prospective descriptive study conducted from January 05 to November 30, i.e. a period of 11 months, on clinically asymptomatic HBsAg-positive patients who had undergone FibroScan liver elasticity measurement. The examination was carried out by a hepatogastroenterologist who had received training in the Fibroscan. The median of ten measures of liver elasticity at the same point with an IQR of less than 30% was considered the valid measure and no or minimal fibrosis was defined as a value ˂7 Kpa, moderate fibrosis as a value between 7 and 10 kpa, severe fibrosis as a value greater than 10 Kpa, and the existence of cirrhosis as a value greater than 14 Kpa were analyzed using SPSS version 20 software. Results: Out of 398 patients monitored for HBV, 60 cases met the inclusion criteria, i.e., a frequency of 15.07%. The mean age of the patients was 35.63 years, with extremes of 18 and 70 years. They were predominantly male, with a sex ratio of 3.2. Married patients accounted for 61.67% (n = 37). Jaundice was absent in 91.67% (n = 55). The circumstances of discovery of HBV were the routine health

关键词： Hepatic Elasticity Fibroscan Fibrosis Hepatitis B Niger

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Clinical and Bacteriological Profile of Infections in Sickle Cell Children in Two Referral Hospitals in Niamey, Niger

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第1期14卷 36-42页

作者： Kamaye Moumouni Samaila Aboubacar Garba Moumouni Georges Thomas Ibrahim Mamoudou abdou Djafar Mamane Halima Hamadou Ibrahim Hamani Issaka Djibrilla Almoustapha Amadou Yacouba abdourahamane Marou Soumana Boubacar Moussa saley Sahada Bade Malam abdou Soumana Alido Service de Pédiatrie A H&#244pital National de Niamey Niamey Niger Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université Abdou Moumouni de Niamey Niamey Niger Service de Pédiatrie H&#244pital national Amirou Boubacar Diallo Niamey Niger Service d’Onco-Hématologie H&#244pital national de Niamey Niamey Niger Service de Biologie Médicale H&#244pital national Amirou Boubacar Diallo Niamey Niger

Introduction: Infections are significant causes of mortality in sickle cell children in resource-limited countries. This study aimed to determine the clinical profile and bacterial ecology of infections in children with sickle-cell disease in two referral hospitals in Niamey. Patients and methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted from January 2018 to July 2020 in two referral hospitals in Niamey. All children aged one (1) to 15 years with sickle cell disease admitted for suspected infection, including at least one bacterial culture, were studied. Bacteriological analysis was performed using the appropriate culture media, using BactAlert (Reference 4700003 BTA3D60 BioMérieux). Results: Over 36-months, 350 children with a mean age of 10.9 months were admitted. The sex ratio was 1.2. The SS electrophoretic profile was the most common (93.4%). Immunization status was up to date in 66% of patients. Fever was the common reason for consultation (55.1%). Infection was confirmed in 62 patients (17.7%). The primary diagnoses were bacterial gastroenteritis (24.2%) and urinary tract infection (19.4%). Blood cultures were isolated from Salmonella typhi (13.0%) and Escherichia coli (8.7%). Klebsiella spp (7.1%) and Escherichia coli (5.0%) were detected in cytobacteriological examination of urine. Salmonella typhi (23.5%) and Escherichia coli (5.9%) were isolated on coproculture. Conclusion: Bacterial ecology appears not different from that usually observed in sickle-cell children. Salmonella and Escherichia coli were predominant.

关键词： Sickle Cell Disease Child Infection Niger

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Cooperative file sharing mechanism with Network Coding in wireless Mesh networks

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2009年第1期16卷 1-8页

作者： KIMBA DIT ADAMOU Boubacar ZOU Shi-hong abdou saley MA Yi-hui CHENG Shi-duan School of Computer Science Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876 China MAC Engineering Inc. Canada T2S OCT

This article describes a new model of a cooperative file sharing system in a wireless Mesh network. The authors＇ approach is to develop an efficient and cooperative file sharing mechanism based on opportunistic random linear Network Coding. Within this mechanism, every node transmits random linear combination of its packets according to cooperative priority, which is computed in a distributed manner according to the node-possible contribution to its neighbor nodes. With this mechanism, the more a node contributes to others, the more the node has chances to recover the entire file first. The performance metrics of interest here are： the delay until all the packets in a file have been delivered to all nodes, and an ideal packet size, by the use of which the authors can get the minimum transmission delay. Through extensive simulation the authors compare their mechanism with the current transmission process in a wireless Mesh network without random linear Network Coding. The authors found that using their mechanism, the nodes can cooperatively share the entire file with less transmission time and delay than the current transmission process without random linear network.

关键词： wireless Mesh network Network Coding file sharing

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Clinical and Bacteriological Profile of Infections in Sickle Cell Children in Two Referral Hospitals in Niamey, Niger

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Open Journal of Pediatrics（儿科学期刊） 2024年第1期

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The Projected Changes of Precipitations over Niger Under the Scenarios RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2022年第6期11卷 248-266页

作者： Mounkaila saley Moussa Yacoubou Mahamadou abdou saley inoussa Department of Physics Faculty of Sciences and TechniquesAbdou Moumouni UniversityBP:10662NiameyNiger Department of Physics Faculty of Sciences of EducationAndre Salifou UniversityBP:656ZinderNiger

The socio-economic activities of Niger rely on agriculture which is strongly affected by changes in precipitation during the rainy *** ultimate aim of this study is to assess the projected changes of precipitation over Niger under the Representative Concentration Pathways(RCP)scenarios 4.5(RCP 4.5)and RCP 8.5 using multi-RCM(Multi-Regional Climate)model *** observation data are from CHIRPS(Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station)and the RCMs are from the SMHI(Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute)model(RCA4)driven by ten(10)different GCMs(General Circulation Model)(e.g.,CCCma,CSIRO,ICHEC,IPSL,MIROC,MOHC-HadGEM2,MPI,NCC-NorESM1,NOOA,and NRCM)within the framework of CORDEX(Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment)Africa *** reference and projections periods in this study are respectively 1981-2005 for the present and 2011-2100 for the near,medium and far future divided into three periods,2011 to 2040(P1),2041 to 2070(P2)and 2071 to 2100(P3).The methodology used,consists of assessing the performance of the multi-RCMs of RCA4 model(with respect of CHIRPS)in simulating the precipitations changes by computing the spatial distribution and anomalies of precipitations;and their indices of RMSE(Root Mean Square Error),the bias,SPI(Standardized Precipitation Anomaly Index),correlation coefficient,statistical t-test,spatial evolution rate and the rate of temporal *** the validation of the multi-RCMs RCA4 models,the ensemble mean of the models is used to assess the projected changes of precipitations over Niger in the *** results show that most of the multi-RCMs capture the four climatic zone except for *** the ensemble mean of the models simulates(as compared to CHIRPS)more accurately the monthly,annual precipitations anomalies and their indices than individual’s models in the reference period,some RCMs(e.g.,CSIRO-IPSL and CCCma-HadGEM)poorly reproduce *** projected changes of precip

关键词： Climate projection precipitation changes anomaly scenarios RCP Niger Sahel

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Agro-Morphological Variability in Eight Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) Morphotypes from Zinder (Niger)

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Agricultural Sciences 2023年第1期14卷 1-10页

作者： Oumarou Zango Rabiou abdou saley Adamou Salamatou Agbo So Timothée Kouassi Bakasso Yacoubou Département de Biologie Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université André Salifou de Zinder Zinder Niger Laboratoire de Gestion et Valorisation de la Biodiversité au Sahel Département de Biologie Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université Abdou Moumouni Niamey Niger

Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) has economic importance for the producers and the traders as cash crop since it generates substantial income for households in Niger. The objective of this study was to assess eight (8) Bambara groundnut morphotype from Université André Salifou de Zinder in Niger Republic by their morphological and agronomic characters. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications during the rainy season of 2020-2021. Data were collected on the Number of leaves, Plant height (cm), Growth habit (cm), Terminal leaflet length, Terminal leaflet width, Number of nodes/stem, Number of stems/plant, Number of pods/plant, Weight of 100 pods (g), Weight of 100 seeds (g), Length of seeds (mm), Width of seeds (mm), Weight of seeds/Plot (kg). There were significant differences for all characters, except Number of leaves, Terminal leaflet length, Terminal leaflet width, Length of seeds (mm) Weight of 100 pods (g), Weight of 100 seeds (g). The morphotypes UZ-VZ-04, UZ-VZ-03, UZ-VZ-06, UZ-VZ-02 and UZ-VZ-05 have demonstrated good performance for grain weight per plot and can be useful for a breeding program.

关键词： Vigna subterranea Accessions Agro-Morphological Traits Weight of 100 Seeds

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Evaluation of Plant Diversity for Sustainable and Inclusive Management in Rural Areas:A Case Study from Daressalam,Niger

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Research in Ecology 2022年第1期4卷 37-43页

作者： inoussa Maman Maarouhi Ibrahim Fataw West African Center for sustainable Rural Transformation(WACSRT) Universite Abdou Moumouni de NiameyP.O.Box BP 10662NiameyNiger University for Development Studies Faculty of AgricultureDepartment of BiotechnologyP.O Box TL1882TamaleGhana

Plant biodiversity plays a major role for sustaining livelihood of rural ***,unsustainable exploitation of woody plants for firewood in Niger is creating ecological *** study aims to evaluate plant species composition,richness and equitability for sustainable and inclusive management in rural *** vegetation inventory method was ***-eight plots each measuring 2500 m^(2)were laid down systematically on a transect with the village at the *** each plot,plant species were identified and the number of each species counted.A total of twenty-five(25)plant species belonging to thirteen(13)families were identified among which Guiera senegalensis *** for 61%.The Shannon index was low(H’=0.45)as well as species equitability(E=0.14).Species richness differed significantly(p<0.000)with land use type with agroforestry parklands recording significantly higher species compared to *** effective plant biodiversity restoration and management,irrigated agroforestry is recommended to restore ecological balance and to assure and improve the quality of plant biodiversity in the study area.

关键词： Guiera senegalensis Diversity indices Sustainable and inclusive management Land use

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Mathematical Analysis and Simulation of an Age-Structured Model of Two-Patch for Tuberculosis (TB)

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Applied Mathematics 2016年第15期7卷 1882-1902页

作者： Badjo Kimba abdoul Wahid saley Bisso Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Abdou Moumouni University Niamey Niger

This paper studied a structured model by age of tuberculosis. A population divided into two parts was considered for the study. Each subpopulation is submitted to a program of vaccination. It was allowed the migration of vaccinated people only between the two patches. After the determination of and , the local and global stability of the disease-free equilibrium was studied. It showed the existence of three endemic equilibrium points. The theoretical results were illustrated by a numeric simulation.

关键词： Age-Structured Reproductive Number Two-Patch TB Stability Simulation

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Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Strains Isolated at Zinder National Hospital (ZNH) in 2021 and Their Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2023年第1期13卷 43-51页

作者： Maman Sani Falissou Saïdou abdoulaye Ousmane abdoulaye inoussa abdoulaye Maman Bachir Hassane Boureima Lo Gora Alhousseini Maiga Daouda Doutchi Mahamadou Bako saley Mahaman Laouali Sidi Maman Bacha Boukar Mamadou Saidou Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université Dan Dicko Dankoulodo de Maradi Maradi Niger Hôpital National de Zinder Zinder Niger Centre de Recherche Médicale et Sanitaire Niamey Niger Faculté de Médecine de Pharmacie et d’odontostomatologie Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar Dakar Sénégal Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université Abdou Moumouni Niamey Niger Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université de Zinder Zinder Niger

Purpose: Bacterial resistance to antibiotics has become a global public health problem. Enterobacteriaceae ESBL is among the most incriminated in this emergence which reduces the therapeutic possibilities. Thus, the objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of the extended-spectrum beta- lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae at ZNH and their antibiotic susceptibility profile. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective study carried out over 5 months in all hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients in whom a culture was taken for the diagnosis of an infection. The search for ESBL is done by the double disc diffusion method. Results: In total, 21 out of 45 of our strains are ESBL-producing, i.e. a frequency of 46.7%. The mean age is 41.62 (±22.90) with extremes of 2.6 - 78 years. The distribution of ESBL producing species showed a predominance of E. coli with 66.7% followed by K. pneumoniae and K. oxytoca each 9.5%. All ESBL strains were resistant to Amoxicillin, Cefalotin, Pipiracillin, Piperacillin + tazobactam, Ticarcillin, Ticarcillin + clavulanic acid. Resistance to C3G and Aztreonam was each 95.5%, to Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 9.1%. All strains were sensitive to imipenem. E. coli strains showed resistance: 85.7% to ciprofloxacin, 50% to Amikacin, 57.1% to Gentamicin. For K. pneumoniae, it is 66.7% for Gentamicin and Ciprofloxacin. Conclusion: Our study reports a high prevalence of ESBL at the HNZ. This must be taken into account in order to monitor this phenomenon which constitutes a public health problem. The study also reports sensitivity to Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and Aminoside which can be an alternative.

关键词： Bacterial Resistance ESBL Enterobacteriaceae Zinder Niger

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