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Initial assessment of imports of chlorinated paraffins into Nigeria and the need of improvement of the Stockholm and Rotterdam conventions

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Emerging contaminants 2022年第1期8卷 360-370页

作者： Joshua O.Babayemi innocent c.nnorom Roland Weber Environmental Management and Toxicology Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Medical Sciences OndoNigeria Anchor University centre for Global Health Nigeria Department of Pure and Industrial chemistry Abia State University UturuNigeria POPs Environmental consulting 73527Schw€abisch GmündGermany

Short-chain and medium-chain chlorinated paraffins(SccPs/MccPs)are of concern due to their persistence,bioaccumulation,and *** were listed in 2017 as persistent organic pollutants(POPs)in the Stockholm convention and Rotterdam convention for Prior Informed consent(PIc)*** are evaluated in the POPs Reviewing committee for *** in Africa demonstrate high SccP/MccP levels in house dust and human ***,this study undertook an initial assessment of the production and import situation in *** Nigerian government has not assessed SccPs yet and has no registered exemptions for SccPs and therefore should not produce or use ***,Nigeria has not notified Rotterdam convention of PIc procedure and,therefore,no SccP should be imported into *** no local production of SccPs/MccPs was observed in Nigeria,this study therefore compiled data on importation of SccPs/MccPs and products which may likely contain these chemicals from the UN comtrade Database for the period 1996 to *** the listing of SccPs in the Rotterdam convention,there is still no specific Harmonized System(HS)codes for SccPs/*** study therefore used HS codes of product categories known to contain SccPs/*** substance categories under which SccP/MccPs are usually imported include plasticisers and other product categories that amounted to 229,779 and 518,342 tonnes respectively but without specific information on the type of *** 39%of PVc and rubber imports of 2,683,015 tonnes and 3,516,052 tonnes respectively contain *** on the SccP and MccP impact factors from literature for china,the highest amount of SccP(33,712 tonnes)was imported in the different PVc products while rubber products accounted to 1386 tonnes and PUR foam to 2331 *** amount of imported MccPs in PVc products(25,599 tonnes)and rubber products(32,317 tonnes)was in the same order of magnitude while MccP imported in PUR foam was estimated

关键词： SccPs/MccPs Plasticisers Importation PVc HS code Inventory Nigeria

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Mathematical Modelling and Design of Helical coil Heat Exchanger for Production of Hot Air for Fluidized Bed Dryer

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Advances in chemical Engineering and Science 2024年第3期14卷 125-136页

作者： Iniubong James Uwa Uwem Ekwere Inyang innocent Oseribho Oboh Department of chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Uyo Uyo Nigeria

In global industrialization, efforts have been made to increase the rate of heat transfer in heat exchanger, minimizing the size of heat exchanger to reduce cost as well as increasing the effectiveness. Helical coil heat exchanger (HcHE) has been proven to be effective in improving heat transfer due to its large surface area. In this study, HcHE was designed to provide hot air needed for fluidized bed drying processes. The HcHE design model was fabricated and evaluated to study the efficiency of the hot air output for a laboratory fluidized bed dryer. The mathematical model for estimation of the final (output) temperature of air, Taf, passing through the HcHE was developed and validated experimentally. The drying of bitter kola particulates was carried out with a drying temperature of 50c 3c and a bed height-to-bed diameter ratio (H/D) of 1.5. The time taken to dry bitter kola particulates to 0.4% moisture content was 1 hour 45 minutes. Hence, HcHE is recommended for use in the production of hot for laboratory-scale fluidized bed dryers.

关键词： Helical coil Heat Exchanger Fluidized Bed Dryer Heat Transfer Output Air Temperature

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Maternal environment and seed size are important for successful germination and seedling establishment of Pterocarpus erinaceus (Fabaceae)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第3期33卷 977-990页

作者： Beda innocent Adji Doffou Sélastique Akaffou Philippe De Reffye Sylvie Sabatier Department for Seeds and Seedlings Production UniversitéJean Lorougnon GuédéAgroforestry UFRBP 150DaloaCôte d’Ivoire UMR-botAnique Et Modélisation de L’Architecture Des Plantes Et Des Végétations(AMAP) CIRADUniversitéMontpellierCNRSINRAE34398MontpellierIRDFrance

Seed size and the growth environment are important variables that influence seed germination, growth and biomass of seedlings and future tree harvest and should thus be taken into account in agroforestry and reforestation programmes for endangered species like Pterocarpus erinaceus. In the present study, to assess seedling germination and vigour in P. erinaceus as a function of seed size in two environments, 1080 seeds and 360 seedlings were evaluated at two separate sites in côte d'Ivoire. The results show that large seeds had very high germination rates (up to 100%) and produced more vigorous plants better able to adapt to climate change. The maternal environment and seed size had a significant influence on seed germination (P ccessful at the site with a humid tropical climate (Daloa). Seedling leaves had the same resistance regardless of seed size and study site, but leaf moisture content was more stable in seedlings grown from medium and small seeds. These results will help guide conservation strategies for the species and are key factors for rural populations, loggers, and forest management structures for the silviculture of this species.

关键词： Pterocarpus erinaceus Seed size Germination performance Seedling Growth

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Profiling of seminal antioxidant indices and sperm quality in Plasmodium bergheiinduced malarial mice treated with Phyllanthus amarus

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2022年第2期11卷 84-92页

作者： Williams Oshiegbu chinwendu Obogheneophruhe Elu innocent Onyesom Department of Biochemistry Delta State UniversityAbrakaNigeria Department of Medical Biochemistry Delta State UniversityAbrakaNigeria

Objective:To evaluate the antiplasmodial activity of Phyllanthus(P.)amarus crude ethanol leaf extract and its effects on semen quality in male BALB/c ***:A total of 36 adult mice were divided into six groups,with 6 mice *** groups were infected with Plasmodium(P.)berghei,and one group was left *** the five infected groups,one group was left untreated,three groups were treated with varying doses(100,250 and 400 mg/kg)of *** crude ethanol leaf extract orally for 4 days,and another group was treated with standard drug,artemether and lumefantrine(Lonart®DS).Antiplasmodial activity,seminal quality,some biochemical indices(neutral毩-glucosidase,fructose,and citric acid)in seminal plasma and seminal antioxidant markers(catalase,glutathione peroxidase,reduced glutathione,malondialdehyde,total antioxidant capacity,and acid phosphates)were *** mice were euthanized 3 days post treatment and semen was collected from the caudal epididymis and processed for analysis using documented methods and ***:Malarial infection led to oxidative stress,causing a significant decline in seminal quality(Pcrude ethanol leaf extract alleviated oxidative stress and significantly improved seminal *** improvement was dose-dependent and compared well with the standard drug,artemether and lumefantrine(Lonart®DS)***:The ethanol leaf extracts of *** alleviate male reproductive capacity during malaria infection in murine model by enhancing antioxidant activities.

关键词： Malaria Sperm quality Phyllanthus amarus Seminal oxidative stress Seminal antioxidant markers Antioxidants Ethanol extracts Antimalarials

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The Bafoussam volcanic series:origin and evolution of the volcanism along the cameroon volcanic line

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Acta Geochimica 2022年第6期41卷 1049-1068页

作者： Philippe Essomba Gilles chazot Nicaise Blaise Tchuimegnie Ngongang Arnaud Agranier Pierre Kamgang HervéBellon Philippe Nonnotte Pierre Wotchoko innocent Badriyo Département Des Sciences de La Terre FacultéDes SciencesUniversitéde YaoundéIB.P.812YaoundéCameroun Geo-Ocean CNRSIfremerUMR6538Univ Brest29280PlouzaneFrance Département Des Sciences de La Terre FacultéDes SciencesUniversitéde DoualaDoualaCameroun Department of Geology Higher Teacher Training CollegeUniversity of BamendaBambiliBamendaCameroon Département de Séismologie et Géologie Observatoire Volcanologique de Goma-RDCGomaRépublique Démocratique du Congo

The Bafoussam area in western cameroon is part of the central cameroon Volcanic Ligne(cVL).This study presents the mineralogy,major and trace element compositions,Sr-Pb-Hf isotopes,and new K-Ar geochronological data about mafic and felsic volcanic *** rocks belong to two different series:A transitional series made of basalts,basaltic andesite,and trachytes and an alkaline mafic series with basalts,hawaiites,and *** age data show that the transitional series belongs to the oldest part of the cVL and was emplaced between 47 and 35 *** alkaline volcanism is younger,with ages ranging from10 to 4.5 *** evolution in both series is accomplished through a fractional crystallization process,with the removal of olivine and clinopyroxene,while plagioclase does not seem to be a major crystallizing *** the samples are enriched in incompatible trace elements,but the rocks from the alkaline series have more fractionated REE patterns and high Nb content compared to the transitional mafic *** lavas have lower initial^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr and higher^(176)Hf/^(177)Hf and Pb isotopic ratios than the transitional *** La/Nb and high^(87)Sr/^(86)Sriratio are among chemical characteristics that show that some samples from the transitional series have interacted with a crustal component during their evolution in the *** cannot be used for discussing the mantle source of the volcanic rocks from this *** elements show that primary magmas for both series formed in a garnet-bearing mantle source,with higher partial melting degrees(3-5%)for the transitional magmas than for the alkaline magmas(combining trace elements and isotopic ratios,we show that the Bafoussam lavas formed from two different mantle *** magmas formed from a pyroxenite-bearing enriched mantle with low Pb isotopic *** mantle source is present in all the oldest lavas from the *** magmas formed from an HIMU-like mantle sourc

关键词： cameroon Volcanic Line Bafoussam Mafic volcanic rocks Felsic volcanic rocks Mantle source

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Inhibition of sulfate-reducing bacteria influenced corrosion on hydrophobic poly(dimethylsiloxane)coatings

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第17期52卷 198-206页

作者： innocent O.Arukalam c.N.Njoku Lihui Yang Baorong Hou Ying Li corrosion and Protection Division Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Department of Polymer and Textile Engineering Federal University of TechnologyP.M.B.1526 Owerri Nigeria Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental corrosion and Bio-fouling Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Open Studio for Marine corrosion and Protection Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266237China Advanced Functional Materials/corrosion Research Group Africa Centre of Excellence in Future Energies and Electrochemical Systems(ACE-FUELS)Federal University of Technology Owerri(FUTO)Nigeria

Sulfate-reducing bacteria(SRB)has been pointed out as one of the causative agents of microbial induced corrosion in the marine *** address this problem,novel strategies are being experimented as against the earlier methods which have been banned due to their toxic effects on useful aquatic ***,the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of non-toxic perfluorodecyltrichlorosilane(PFDTS)on resistance of hydrophobic poly(dimethylsiloxane)/phosphoric acid-treated zinc oxide(PDMS/PA-treated ZnO)coatings to SRB-induced biofouling and *** surface features of the coatings before and after exposure to SRB/Nacl solution were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM).Wettability of the coatings before and after exposure was also *** interaction of SRB with the coatings was investigated by FTIR *** resistance performance of the modified coatings against SRB-induced corrosion was monitored by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS).The EIS measurements revealed that 0.20 g PFDTS-based coating displayed highest corrosion resistance with impedance modulus of 6.301×10^10 after 15 d of exposure to SRB/Nacl *** results were corroborated by surface and chemical interaction analyses,and thus,indicate that 0.20 g PFDTSmodified PDMS/PA-treated ZnO coating has potentials for excellent SRB-induced corrosion resistance and anti-biofouling performance.

关键词： corrosion Hydrophobic coating Perfluorodecyltrichlorosilane Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Sulfate-reducing bacteria

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Economic Growth, Governance and cO2 Emissions in West Africa

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chinese Journal of Urban and Environmental Studies 2023年第1期11卷 27-48页

作者： innocent IFELUNINI Ugochinyere EKPO S.Adzugbele AGBUTUN O.Winnie ARAZU c.Samuel UGWU Nnabuike OSADEBE O.Fredrick ASOGWA Department of Economics/Resource & Environmental Policy Research centre University of Nigeria Department of Economics University of Nigeria Department of Public Administration and Local Government University of Nigeria Department of Sociology and Anthropology University of Nigeria

Despite being the regions with the least levels of carbon emissions in the world, African countries are facing unique challenges on climate change, increased carbon emission levels and the need for environmental governance improvement. This study, therefore, examined the implications of economic growth and governance on cO2emissions in West Africa. Specifically, the study investigated the role of governance in moderating the effect of economic growth on cO2emissions in West Africa. The study utilized data for 16 West African countries from 2000 to 2020 in an unbalanced panel data framework. Empirical analyses were conducted using the Instrumental Variable Fixed Effects estimator with Driscoll and Kraay Standard Errors, as well as the Instrumental Variable Quantile Regression in order to account for serial correlation, endogeneity and conditional heteroskedasticity. The following conclusions were drawn from the results. First,economic growth significantly increases cO2emissions in the region with the Environmental Kuznet curve hypothesis present. Second, the quantile regression estimates reveal that the effect of economic growth on cO2emissions is higher in countries where the initial level of carbon emissions is considerably high. Third, the results further show that in the presence of improved governance quality, economic growth does not significantly influence cO2emissions in the region. Fourth, political stability and regulatory quality were the only indicators of governance that significantly impacted environmental pollution in the region. Finally, we found that other factors such as trade, urbanization, and renewable energy also significantly influenced cO2emissions in the region. The study concludes by highlighting the importance of governance in moderating the effect of economic growth on cO2emissions, as well as the importance of heterogeneous analysis for understanding the dynamism in economic relationships.

关键词： Economic growth governance cO 2 emissions environmental pollution West Africa

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Viral diseases in Africa: Preventing the outbreak of acute hepatitis of unknown etiology

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iLIVER 2022年第4期1卷 235-236页

作者： Okereke Promise Udohchukwu innocent Kitandu Paul Margareth Richard Mallya Matilda KBasinda Sospeter Berling Sospeter Juvenali Ruaichi Faculty of Dentistry College of MedicineUniversity of NigeriaNigeria catholic University of Health and Allied Science MwanzaTanzania YOHAN Research Institute Nigeria

Hepatitis is an inflammation of the *** had been an outbreak of hepatitis of unknown origin among children,where nine pediatric patients in Alabama,United States of America,tested negative for hepatitis viruses(A,B,c,D,and E)and autoimmune *** far,no case has been recorded in *** article seeks to give guidelines on how to prevent its occurrence in *** literatures were reviewed on the background of hepatitis of unknown origin while focusing on World Health Organization publication as regards the outbreaks in other European ***,it is worthy to state that Africa needs to keep its healthcare systems ready to take care of the mechanism by which the outbreak may occur and protect the vulnerable pediatric population from such an outbreak.

关键词： Pediatric Viral Africa Hepatitis Unknown origin Outbreak Acute

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A vaccination model for cOVID-19 in Gauteng,South Africa

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2022年第3期7卷 333-345页

作者： christina J.Edholm Benjamin Levy Lee Spence Folashade B.Agusto Faraimunashe chirove c.Williams chukwu David Goldsman Moatlhodi Kgosimore innocent Maposa K.A.Jane White Suzanne Lenhart Department of Mathematics Scripps CollegeClaremontCAUSA Mathematics Department Fitchburg State UniversityFitchburgMAUSA Department of Mathematics University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTNUSA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of KansasLawrenceKSUSA Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics University of JohannesburgSouth Africa H.Milton Stewart School of Industrial and Systems Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA Biometry and Mathematics Department Botswana University of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesGaboroneBotswana Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa Department of Mathematical Sciences University of BathBathUK

The cOVID-19 pandemic provides an opportunity to explore the impact of government mandates on movement restrictions and non-pharmaceutical interventions on a novel infection,and we investigate these strategies in early-stage outbreak *** rate of disease spread in South Africa varied over time as individuals changed behavior in response to the ongoing pandemic and to changing government *** a system of ordinary differential equations,we model the outbreak in the province of Gauteng,assuming that several parameters vary over *** data from the time period before vaccination gives the approximate dates of parameter changes,and those dates are linked to government *** parameters are then estimated from available case data and used to assess the impact of each *** forward in time,possible scenarios give projections involving the implementation of two different vaccines at varying *** results quantify the impact of different government policies and demonstrate how vaccinations can alter infection spread.

关键词： cOVID-19 Gauteng South Africa ODE epidemiology Model Vaccination Parameter estimation

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Tectonics and Sulphide Mineralization in the Boundiali Birimian Formations by Means of Geophysical Data

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2022年第10期10卷 32-45页

作者： Simon Pierre Djroh Loukou Nicolas Kouamé Serge Pacôme Déguine Gnoleba Yapo Abolé Serge innocent Oboue Boko célestin Sombo Applied Geophysics Research Team Laboratory Mineral and Energy Resources (LGRME) Faculty of Earth Science and Mineral Re-sources Félix Houphou&#235 t Boigny University Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Applied Geophysics Research Team Laboratory Mineral and Energy Resources (LGRME) Faculty of Earth Science and Mineral Re-sources Félix Houphou&#235 t Boigny University Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoiree Ministry of Mines and Geology Yamoussoukro C&#244 te d’Ivoire School of Earth Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou China

This study focused on the interpretation of geophysical data collected from the Sissedougou prospect which is located at the southern end of the Korhogo-M’Benguebirimian trench. The geophysical surveys were carried out on two grids with two magnetometers and an induced polarisation unit composed of a transmitter and a receiver. The magnetic data allowed on one side the mapping of basic, intrusive and volcanic formations, weakly magnetic rocks produced by meta-sediments to be showed, and on the other hand to identify the continuity of the shear corridor observed southward and northward of the prospect. Induced polarisation data revealed the signature of sulphide and disseminated mineralization. The synthesis of the obtained results showed that deep NE-SW, NNE-SSW and N-S oriented fractures promoted the late rise of sulphide fluids. The setting of sulphide and gold mineralization in the southern part of the Boundiali trench is therefore controlled by ductile and brittle shearing.

关键词： Geophysics Shear Zone Gold Sulphite Birimian côte d’Ivoire

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