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Improved specimen adequacy using jumbo biopsy forceps in patients with Barrett's esophagus

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第17期21卷 5328-5335页

作者： Jan Martinek Jana Maluskova Magdalena Stefanova inna tuckova Stepan Suchanek Zuzana Vackova Jana Krajciova Marek Kollar Miroslav Zavoral Julius Spicak Department of Hepatogastroenterology Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine14021 PragueCzech Republic Faculty of Medicine University of Ostrava70103 OstravaCzech Republic Department of Pathology IKEM14021 PragueCzech Republic Department of Internal Medicine Hospital "Na Frantisku"11000 PragueCzech Republic Department of Pathology Central Military Hospital16902 PragueCzech Republic Department of Medicine Charles UniversityMilitary University Hospital16902 PragueCzech Republic

AIM:To assess the sampling quality of four different forceps(three large capacity and one jumbo) in patients with Barrett's ***:This was a prospective,single-blind study.A total of 37 patients with Barrett's esophagus were *** or random biopsies with all four forceps were obtained from each patient using a diagnostic endoscope during a single *** following forceps were tested:A:FB-220 K disposable large capacity;B:BI01-D3-23 reusable large capacity;C:GBF-02-23-180 disposable large capacity;and jumbo:disposable Radial Jaw 4 *** primary outcome measurement was specimen adequacy,defined as a well-oriented biopsy sample 2 mm or greater with the presence of muscularis ***:A total of 436 biopsy samples were *** found a significantly higher proportion of adequate biopsy samples with jumbo forceps(71%)(P < 0.001 vs forceps A:26%,forceps B:17%,and forceps C:18%).Biopsies with jumbo forceps had the largest diameter(median 2.4 mm)(P < 0.001 vs forceps A:2 mm,forceps B:1.6 mm,and forceps C:2mm).There was a trend for higher diagnostic yield per biopsy with jumbo forceps(forceps A:0.20,forceps B:0.22,forceps C:0.27,and jumbo:0.28).No complications related to specimen sampling were observed with any of the four tested ***:Jumbo biopsy forceps,when used with a diagnostic endoscope,provide more adequate specimens as compared to large-capacity forceps in patients with Barrett's esophagus.

关键词： Barrett's esophagus Barrett's esophagusrelatedneoplasia Biopsy forceps Jumbo forceps Specimen adequacy

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Longitudinal molecular characterization of endoscopic specimens from colorectal lesions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第20期22卷 4936-4945页

作者： Petra Minarikova Lucie Benesova Tereza Halkova Barbora Belsanova Stepan Suchanek Jiri Cyrany inna tuckova Jan Bures Miroslav Zavoral Marek Minarik Department of Internal Medicine 1st Faculty of Medicine of Charles University and Military University Hospital Genomac Research Institute Centre for Applied Genomics of Solid Tumors 2nd Department of Internal Medicine - Gastroenterology Charles University Faculty of Medicine at Hradec Kralove University Teaching Hospital

AIM: To compare molecular profiles of proximal colon, distal colon and rectum in large adenomas, early and late carcinomas. To assess feasibility of testing directed at molecular markers from this study in routine clinical practice. METHODS: A prospective 3-year study has resulted in the acquisition of samples from 159 large adenomas and 138 carcinomas along with associated clinical parameters including localization, grade and histological type for adenomas and localization and stage for carcinomas. A complex molecular phenotyping has been performed using multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification technique for the evaluation of Cp G-islandmethylator phenotype(CIMP), PCR fragment analysis for detection of microsatellite instability and denaturing capillary electrophoresis for sensitive detection of somatic mutations in KRAS, BRAF, TP53 and APC ***: Molecular types according to previously introduced Jass classification have been evaluated for large adenomas and early and late carcinomas. An increase in CIMP+ type, eventually accompanied with KRAS mutations, was notable between large adenomas and early carcinomas. As expected, the longitudinal observations revealed a correlation of the CIMP+/BRAF + type with proximal location. CONCLUSION: Prospective molecular classification of tissue specimens is feasible in routine endoscopy practice. Increased frequency of some molecular types corresponds to the developmental stages of colorectal tumors. As expected, a clear distinction is notable for tumors located in proximal colon supposedly arising from the serrated(methylation) pathway.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Cp G-island methylator phenotype DNA Microsatellite instability BRAF

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Colonization of germ-free mice with a mixture of three lactobacillus strains enhances the integrity of gut mucosa and ameliorates allergic sensitization

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2016年第2期13卷 251-262页

作者： Hana Kozakova Martin Schwarzer Ludmila tuckova Dagmar Srutkova Elzbieta Czarnowska Ilona Rosiak Tomas Hudcovic Irma Schabussova Petra Hermanova Zuzana Zakostelska Tamara Aleksandrzak-Piekarczyk Anna Koryszewska-Baginska Helena Tlaskalova-Hogenova Bozena Cukrowska Laboratory of Gnotobiology Institute of Microbiology Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Novy Hradek Czech Republic Department of Pathology the Children's Memorial Health Institute Warsaw Poland Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw Poland

Increasing numbers of clinical trials and animal experiments have shown that probiotic bacteria are promising tools for allergy prevention. Here, we analyzed the immunomodulatory properties of three selected lactobacillus strains and the impact of their mixture on allergic sensitization to Bet v I using a gnotobiotic mouse model. We showed that Lactobacillus （L.） rhamnosus LOCK0900, L. rhamnosus LOCK0908 and L. casei LOCK0919 are recognized via Toll-like receptor 2 （TLR2） and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 （NOD2） receptors and stimulate bone marrow-derived dendritic cells to produce cytokines in species- and strain-dependent manners. Colonization of germ-free （GF） mice with a mixture of all three strains （Lmix） improved the intestinal barrier by strengthening the apical junctional complexes of enterocytes and restoring the structures of microfilaments extending into the terminal web. Mice colonized with Lmix and sensitized to the Bet v I allergen showed significantly lower levels of allergen-specific IgE, IgG 1 and IgG2a and an elevated total IgA level in the sera and intestinal lavages as well as an increased transforming growth factor （TGF）-β level compared with the sensitized GF mice. Splenocytes and mesenteric lymph node cells from the Lmix-colonized mice showed the significant upregulation of TGF-β after in vitro stimulation with Bet v 1. Our results show that Lmix colonization improved the gut epithelial barrier and reduced allergic sensitization to Bet v 1. Furthermore, these findings were accompanied by the increased production of circulating and secretory IgA and the regulatory cytokine TGF-β. Thus, this mixture of three lactobacillus strains shows potential for use in the prevention of increased gut permeability and the onset of allergies in humans,

关键词： allergic sensitization germ-free intestinal barrier Lactobacillus probiotics

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The role of gut microbiota(commensal bacteria)and the mucosal barrier in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases and cancer:contribution of germ-free and gnotobiotic animal models of human diseases

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2011年第2期8卷 110-120页

作者： Helena Tlaskalova-Hogenova Renata Stepankova Hana Kozakova Tomas Hudcovic Luca Vannucci Ludmila tuckova Pavel Rossmann TomasHrncır Miloslav Kverka Zuzana Zakostelska Klara Klimesova Jaroslava Pribylova Jirina Bartova Daniel Sanchez Petra Fundova Dana Borovska Dagmar Sru˚tkova Zdenek Zıdek Martin Schwarzer Pavel Drastich David P Funda Institute of Microbiology Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republicv.v.i.PragueCzech Republic Institute of Dental Research General Faculty Hospital and 1st Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic Ear Nose and Throat DepartmentCentral Military HospitalPragueCzech Republic Institute of Experimental Medicine Academy of Science of the Czech RepublicPragueCzech Republic Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine PragueCzech Republic

Metagenomic approaches are currently being used to decipher the genome of the microbiota(microbiome),and,in parallel,functional studies are being performed to analyze the effects of the microbiota on the *** methods are an indispensable tool for studying the consequences of bacterial *** used as models of human diseases can be maintained in sterile conditions(isolators used for germ-free rearing)and specifically colonized with defined microbes(including non-cultivable commensal bacteria).The effects of the germ-free state or the effects of colonization on disease initiation and maintenance can be observed in these *** this approach we demonstrated direct involvement of components of the microbiota in chronic intestinal inflammation and development of colonic neoplasia(i.e.,using models of human inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal carcinoma).In contrast,a protective effect of microbiota colonization was demonstrated for the development of autoimmune diabetes in non-obese diabetic(NOD)***,the development of atherosclerosis in germ-free apolipoprotein E(ApoE)-deficient mice fed by a standard low-cholesterol diet is accelerated compared with conventionally reared *** induction of tolerance to allergen Bet v1 was not influenced by the presence or absence of *** of components of the microbiota and elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of their action in inducing pathological changes or exerting beneficial,disease-protective activities could aid in our ability to influence the composition of the microbiota and to find bacterial strains and components(e.g.,probiotics and prebiotics)whose administration may aid in disease prevention and treatment.

关键词： allergy hygiene hypothesis intestinal permeability leaky gut probiotics

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