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Recent advances in graphene-based phase change composites for thermal energy storage and management

Nano Materials Science 2024年第2期6卷 115-138页

作者： Qiang Zhu Pin jin ong Si Hui Angela Goh Reuben j.Yeo Suxi Wang Zhiyuan Liu Xian jun Loh Institute of Materials Research and Engineering A*STAR(Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research)2 Fusionopolis WayInnovis#08-03138634Singapore Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals Energy and EnvironmentA*STAR(Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research)1 Pesek RoadJurong Island627833Singapore School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyNanyang Technological University21 Nanyang Link637371Singapore Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology(SIAT) Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)1068 Xueyuan AvenueShenzhen518055China Department of Material Science and Engineering National University of Singapore9 Engineering Drive 1#03-09 EA117575Singapore

Energy storage and conservation are receiving increased attention due to rising global energy ***,the development of energy storage materials is *** energy storage(TES)systems based on phase change materials(PCMs)have increased in prominence over the past two decades,not only because of their outstanding heat storage capacities but also their superior thermal energy regulation ***,issues such as leakage and low thermal conductivity limit their applicability in a variety of ***-based materials such as graphene and its derivatives can be utilized to surmount these *** study examines the recent advancements in graphene-based phase change composites(PCCs),where graphene-based nanostructures such as graphene,graphene oxide(GO),functionalized graphene/GO,and graphene aerogel(GA)are incorporated into PCMs to substantially enhance their shape stability and thermal conductivity that could be translated to better storage capacity,durability,and temperature response,thus boosting their attractiveness for TES *** addition,the applications of these graphene-based PCCs in various TES disciplines,such as energy conservation in buildings,solar utilization,and battery thermal management,are discussed and summarized.

关键词： Phase change material Nanocomposites Solar energy Sustainable energy Thermo-regulation

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Catalytically altering the redox pathway of sulfur in propylene carbonate electrolyte using dual-nitrogen/oxygen-containing carbon

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Chinese journal of Catalysis 2024年第8期63卷 224-233页

作者： Linghui Yu Heng Zhang Luyuan Paul Wang Samuel jun Hoong ong Shibo Xi Bo Chen Rui Guo Ting Wang Yonghua Du Wei Chen Ovadia Lev Zhichuan j.Xu School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Wuhan Textile UniversityWuhan 430200HubeiChina School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers&Eco-Dyeing&Finishing Wuhan Textile UniversityWuhan 430200HubeiChina Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals Energy and Environment(ISCE2)Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research in Singapore(A*STAR)1 Pesek RoadJurong Island 627833Singapore Department of Chemistry National University of SingaporeSingapore 117543Singapore College of the Environment&Ecology Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102FujianChina National Synchrotron Light Source II Brookhaven National LaboratoryUptonNY 11973USA The Institute of Chemistry The Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalem 9190401Israel Singapore-HUj Alliance for Research and Enterprise NEW-CREATE Phase IICampus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise(CREATE)Singapore138602Singapore Energy Research Institute@NTU ERI@NInterdisciplinary Graduate SchoolNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore

Carbonate electrolytes are one of the most desirable electrolytes for high-energy lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)because of their successful implementation in commercial Li-ion *** low-polysulfide-solubility feature of some carbonate solvents also makes them very promising for overcoming the shuttle effects of ***,regular sulfur electrodes experience undesired electrochemical mechanisms in carbonate electrolytes due to side *** this study,we report a catalytic redox mechanism of sulfur in propylene carbonate(PC)electrolyte based on a compari-son *** catalytic mechanism is characterized by the interactions between polysulfides and dual N/O functional groups on the host carbon,which largely prevents side reactions between pol-ysulfides and the carbonate *** a mechanism coupled with the low-polysulfide-solubility feature leads to stable cycling of LSBs in PC *** dual N/O functional groups are identified via a density functional theory *** work provides an alternative route for enabling LSBs in carbonate electrolytes.

关键词： Energy storage Lithium-sulfur battery Catalytic redox reaction Porous carbon Carbonate electrolyte

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Biodiversity Assessment of Avifauna in the Forest Reservation of Aurora State College of Technology (ASCOT), Philippines

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Open journal of Ecology 2024年第4期14卷 292-308页

作者： Afed S. Daiwey Heherson B. ong Emerson V. Barcellano Edmundo C. Gumpal Michelle Ann M. Calubaquib Rafael j. Padre School of Forestry and Environmental Sciences Aurora State College of Technology Baler Philippines College of Forestry and Environmental Science Isabela State University Cabagan Philippines College of Agriculture Isabela State University Cabagan Philippines College of Engineering Isabela State University Echague Philippines

The research study was conducted to assess and quantify the current status of avifauna biodiversity assets of Aurora State College of Technology’s Forest Reservation in Baler, Aurora, Philippines. Assessment of avifaunal diversity was undertaken by traversing the four established circular plots having a radius of 125 meters or 250 meters diameters each as permanent monitoring stations. Study revealed a total number of 151 Individual species, classified into 23 genera and 21 families. Eighteen of these species are endemic while the remaining five were fully migrated birds. All birds observed were classified as Least Concern (LC) species according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Red List of Threatened Species and the updated list of the Birds of the World online. Its abundance, richness and diversity index were calculated using Shannon Diversity Index (H') while Pielou’s evenness (j') for distribution of species. Forest reservation of ASCOT has more even (0.756 j') and moderate diversity (2.812 H') observation on avifauna in general. However, this avian population evaluation was threatened into a verge of extinction due to natural and anthropological threats that causes forest deforestation. Such deforestation of habitat causes dwindling of wildlife territory leading to the scarcity of bird’s population. Thus, the assessment was conducted to aid ASCOT administration find significant plans to ensure sustainable conservation and protection of the remaining avifauna species in the reservation area.

关键词： Biodiversity Avifauna Abundance Species Richness Species Diversity

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Calcium Phosphate Coating over Silk Fibroin Film by Biomimetic Methods

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journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2005年第B12期20卷 92-94页

作者：赵勇陈治清 ong j West China College of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China Department of Biomedical Engineering and Orthopedic Surgery University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis 38163USA

To investigate the biomincralization behavior of silk fibroin and to valuate the biodegradation and biocompatibility of the hybrid biomaterial, the calcium phosphate deposits were identified with SEM, EDX, XRD and FTIR. The results reveal that supersaturated calcification solution is an effective method for the mineralization of fibroin film. Enzymatic degradation experiment demonstrates the biodegradability of the composites. Osteoblasts incubation shows an excellent cytocompatibility on the mincralized fibroin films.

关键词： biomineralization degradation apatite fibroin/HAP composite

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Biomarkers in Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma:Predictors of progression and prognosis

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第45期16卷 5669-5681页

作者： Chin-Ann j.ong Pierre Lao-Sirieix Rebecca C Fitzgerald MRC Cancer Cell Unit Hutchison-MRC Research CentreCambridgeCB20XZUnited Kingdom

Barrett’s esophagus is a well-known premalignant lesion of the lower esophagus that is characterized by intestinal metaplasia of the squamous epithelium. It is clinically important due to the increased risk (0.5% per annum) of progression to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA), which has a poor outcome unless diagnosed early. The current clinical management of Barrett’s esophagus is hampered by the lack of accurate predictors of progression. In addition, when patients develop EA, the current staging modalities are limited in stratifying patients into different prognostic groups in order to guide the optimal therapy for an individual patient. Biomarkers have the potential to improve radically the clinical management of patients with Barrett’s esophagus and EA but have not yet entered mainstream clinical practice. This is in contrast to other cancers like breast and prostate for which biomarkers are utilized routinely to inform clinical decisions. This review aims to highlight the most promising predictive and prognostic biomarkers in Barrett’s esophagus and EA and to discuss what is required to move the field forward towards clinical application.

关键词： Barrett’s esophagus Esophageal adenocar cinoma Esophageal dysplasia Prognosis

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Intestinal stem cells and the colorectal cancer microenvironment

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第8期20卷 1898-1909页

作者： Bryan A ong Kenneth j Vega Courtney W Houchen Department of Digestive Diseases University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOK 73104United States

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a highly fatal condition in part due to its resilience to treatment and its propensity to spread beyond the site of primary occurrence. One possible avenue for cancer to escape eradication is via stem-like cancer cells that, through phenotypic heterogeneity, are more resilient than other tumor constituents and are key contributors to cancer growth and metastasis. These proliferative tumor cells are theorized to possess many properties akin to normal intestinal stem cells. Not only do these CRC “stem” cells demonstrate similar restorative ability, they also share many cell pathways and surface markers in common, as well as respond to the same key niche stimuli. With the improvement of techniques for epithelial stem cell identification, our understanding of CRC behavior is also evolving. Emerging evidence about cellular plasticity and epithelial mesenchymal transition are shedding light onto metastatic CRC processes and are also challenging fundamental concepts about unidirectional epithelial proliferation. This review aims to reappraise evidence supporting the existence and behavior of CRC stem cells, their relationship to normal stem cells, and their possible dependence on the stem cell niche.

关键词： Colon cancer stem cells DCLK1 protein Stem cell niche Cell dedifferentiation

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Anemia and iron deficiency in gastrointestinal and liver conditions

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第35期22卷 7908-7925页

作者： jürgen Stein Susan Connor Garth Virgin David Eng Hui ong Lisandro Pereyra Interdisciplinary Crohn Colitis Centre Rhein-Main Frankfurt am Main Department of Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition DGD Clinics Sachsenhausen Frankfurt am Main60594 Frankfurt Germany Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Liverpool Hospital South Western Clinical School University of New South Wales Vifor Pharma Flughofstrasse 61 CH-8152 Zurich Switzerland Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Medicine Cluster National University Hospital Servicio de Gastroenterología y Endoscopia Hospital Alemán

Iron deficiency anemia(IDA) is associated with a number of pathological gastrointestinal conditions other than inflammatory bowel disease, and also with liver disorders. Different factors such as chronic bleeding, malabsorption and inflammation may contribute to IDA. Although patients with symptoms of anemia are frequently referred to gastroenterologists, the approach to diagnosis and selection of treatment as well as follow-up measures is not standardized and suboptimal. Iron deficiency, even without anemia, can substantially impact physical and cognitive function and reduce quality of life. Therefore, regular iron status assessment and awareness of the clinical consequences of impaired iron status are critical. While the range of options for treatment of IDA is increasing due to the availability of effective and well-tolerated parenteral iron preparations, a comprehensive overview of IDA and its therapy in patients with gastrointestinal conditions is currently lacking. Furthermore, definitions and assessment of iron status lack harmonization and there is a paucity of expert guidelines on this topic. This review summarizes current thinking concerning IDA as a common co-morbidity in specific gastrointestinal and liver disorders, and thus encourages a more unified treatment approach to anemia and iron deficiency, while offering gastroenterologists guidance on treatment options for IDA in everyday clinical practice.

关键词： Iron deficiency anemia Gastrointestinal bleeding Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Gastritis Infection Bariatric surgery Celiac disease Gastrointestinal neoplasm Chronic hepatitis Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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Long range electromagnetic field nature of nerve signal propagation in myelinated axons

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Chinese Physics B 2022年第3期31卷 619-623页

作者： Qing-Wei Zhai Kelvin j A Ooi Sheng-Yong Xu C K ong School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Xiamen University MalaysiaSelangor Darul Ehsan 43900Malaysia Department of Physics Xiamen University MalaysiaSelangor Darul Ehsan 43900Malaysia Department of Electronics School of Electronics Engineering and Computer SciencePeking UniversiyBeijing 100871China Department of Physics National University of Singapore2 Science Drive 3117551 Singapore

The nature of saltatory conduction in myelinated axon described by equivalent circuit and circuit theory is still contentious. Recent experimental observations of action potentials transmitting through disjointed nerve fibers strongly suggest an electromagnetic wave propagation mechanism of the nerve signals. In this paper, we employ the electromagnetic wave model of the myelinated axon to describe action potential signal propagation. We use the experimental frequency-dependent conductivity and permittivity values of the nerve tissues in order to reliably calculate the electromagnetic modes by using electromagnetic mode solvers. We find that the electromagnetic waves above 10 kHz can be well confined in extracellular fluid–myelin sheath–intracellular fluid waveguide and propagate a distance of 7 mm without much attenuation. Our study may serve as one of the fundamental researches for the better understanding of the nervous system.

关键词： action potential propagation and axons neuronal wave propagation neuroscience electrodynamics in the nervous system

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The role of soluble sugars during drought in tropical tree seedlings with contrasting tolerances

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journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第4期13卷 389-397页

作者： Michael j.O’Brien Annabelle Valtat Samuel Abiven Mirjam S.Studer Robert ong Bernhard Schmid Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación Universidad Rey Juan Carlosc/Tulipán s/n.E-28933 MóstolesMadridSpain Southeast Asia Rainforest Research Partnership The Peak VistaLorang Punjak 1Tanjung LipatKota KinabaluSabah 88400Malaysia Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 1908057 ZurichSwitzerland Department of Geography University of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 1908057 ZurichSwitzerland Laboratoire de Géologie UMR 8538Ecole Normale SupérieurePSL Research UniversityCNRSParisFrance Centre de recherche enécologie expérimentale et prédictive(CEREEP-Ecotron IleDeFrance) Département de biologieEcole normale supérieureCNRSPSL University77140St-Pierre-les-NemoursFrance Forest Research Centre Sepilok90715 SandakanSabahMalaysia

Aims Non-structural carbohydrates(NSCs)are plant storage compounds used for metabolism,transport,osmoregulation and regrowth following the loss of plant *** in conditions suitable for optimal growth,plants continue to store *** storage may be due to passive accumulation from sink-inhibited growth or active reserves that come at the expense of *** former pathway implies that NSCs may be a by-product of sink limitation,while the latter suggests a functional role of NSCs for use during poor *** Using 13C pulse labelling,we traced the source of soluble sugars in stem and root organs during drought and everwet conditions for seedlings of two tropical tree species that differ in drought tolerance to estimate the relative allocation of NSCs stored prior to drought versus NSCs assimilated during *** monitored growth,stomatal conductance,stem water potential and NSC storage to assess a broad carbon response to *** Findings We found that the drought-sensitive species had reduced growth,conserved NSC concentrations in leaf,stem and root organs and had a larger proportion of soluble sugars in stem and root organs that originated from pre-drought storage relative to seedlings in control *** contrast,the drought-tolerant species maintained growth and stem and root NSC concentrations but had reduced leaf NSCs concentrations with a larger proportion of stem and root soluble sugars originated from freshly assimilated photosynthates relative to control *** results suggest the drought-sensitive species passively accumulated NSCs during water deficit due to growth inhibition,while the drought-tolerant species actively responded to water deficit by allocating NSCs to stem and root *** strategies seem correlated with baseline maximum growth rates,which supports previous research suggesting a trade-off between growth and drought tolerance while providing new evidence for the importance of plasticity in

关键词： ^(13)C labelling carbohydrate storage drought tolerance hydraulic function Shorea parvifolia Shorea beccariana source–sink allocation

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Analysis of the corrosion performance of binder jet additive manufactured magnesium alloys for biomedical applications

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journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第5期10卷 1296-1310页

作者： Kai Xiang Kuah Daniel j.Blackwood Wee Kit ong Mojtaba Salehi Hang Li Seet Mui Ling Sharon Nai Sudesh Wijesinghe Department of Materials Science&Engineering National University of Singapore9 Engineering Drive 1117575 Singapore Reliability and Characterisation Unit Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology(SIMTech)Agency forScienceTechnology and Research(A^(∗)STAR)73 Nanyang Drive637662 Singapore Additive Manufacturing Group Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology(SIMTech)Agency forScienceTechnology and Research(A^(∗)STAR)73 Nanyang Drive637662 Singapore

Binder jet printing(BjP)is a state-of-the-art additive manufacturing technique for producing porous magnesium *** MgZn-Zr based BjP samples were assessed for corrosion performance in simulated body fluids by electrochemical and hydrogen evolution *** corrosion rates of the BjP specimens were significantly higher than solid controls,even after accounting for their larger surface areas,suggesting that the BjP microstructure is detrimental to corrosion performance.X-ray computed tomography revealed nonuniform corrosion within the porous structure,with corrosion products forming on the pore *** the pores with hydroxyapatite or polymers greatly improved the corrosion resistance of the BjP samples.

关键词： Magnesium Additive manufacturing Binder jetting Porous Corrosion Biodegradability

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