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Timing of Proterozoic magmatism in the Sunsas belt, Bolivian Precambrian Shield, SW Amazonian Craton

Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第6期12卷 277-293页

作者： ingrid M.Nedel Reinhardt A.Fuck Amarildo S.Ruiz Gerardo R.Matos-Salinas Alanielson da C.D.Ferreira Instituto de Geociências Universidade de Brasília(UnB)Brasília-DFBrazil Faculdade de Geociências Universidade Federal de Mato GrossoCuiabá-MTBrazil Instituto de Investigaciones Geológicas y del Medio Ambiente Universidad Mayor de San Andrés(UMSA)Pabellón GeologíaCalle 27Campus Universitario Cota CotaLa PazBolivia Department of Earth Sciences Stellenbosch UniversityPrivate Bag X1Matieland7602 StellenboschSouth Africa

We present new U–Pb zircon and monazite ages from the Sunsas belt granitic magmatism in Bolivia, SW Amazonian Craton. The geochronological results revealed four major magmatic events recorded along the Sunsas belt domains. The older igneous event formed a granitic basement coeval to the Rio Apa Terrane(1.95–1.85 Ga) in the southern domain. The second magmatic episode is represented by 1.68 Ga granites associated to the Paraguá Terrane(1.69–1.66 Ga) in the northern domain. The 1.37–1.34 Ga granites related to San Ignacio orogeny represent the third and more pervasive magmatic event, recorded throughout the Sunsas belt. Moreover, magmatic ages of ~1.42 Ga revealed that the granitogenesis associated to the Santa Helena orogeny also affected the Sunsas belt, indicating that it was not restricted to the Jauru Terrane. Lastly, the 1.10–1.04 Ga youngest magmatism was developed during the Sunsas orogeny and represents the final magmatic evolution related to Rodinia assembly. Likewise, the 1.95–1.85 and 1.68 Ga inherited zircon cores obtained in the ~1.3 Ga and 1.0 Ga granite samples suggest strong partial melting of the Paleoproterozoic sources. The 1079 ± 14 Ma and 1018 ± 6 Ma monazite crystallization ages can be correlated to the collisional tectono-thermal event of the Sunsas orogeny, associated to reactions of medium-to high-grade metamorphism. Thus, the Sunsas belt was built by heterogeneous 1.95–1.85 Ga and 1.68 Ga crustal fragments that were reworked at 1.37–1.34 Ga and 1.10–1.04 Ga related to orogenic collages. Furthermore, the 1.01 Ga monazite age suggests that granites previously dated by zircon can bear evidence of a younger thermal history. Therefore, the geochronological evolution of the Sunsas belt may have been more complex than previously thought.

关键词： SW Amazonian Craton Sunsas belt U–Pb geochronology Zircon Monazite

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The Health and Well-Being among Children with Diabetes and Low HbA1c—A Qualitative Study in Sweden

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Health 2018年第5期10卷 551-564页

作者： Lena Lendahls ingrid Edvardsson Department of Research and Development Kronoberg County Council Kronoberg County Sweden Department of Health and Caring Sciences Linnaeus University Kalmar Sweden Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö Lund University Lund Sweden

Aims and objectives: To examine health and well-being, as well as the need for support among children and parents where the child has T1DM with low HbA1c (Introduction: Studies have shown that children with diabetes type 1 (T1DM) rate their lives as worse than healthy peer ratings. In Sweden, views have been expressed that children, as well as their parents, feel pressurized by the diabetes teams to achieve low HbA1c values, which can lead to poorer mental health for the family. Design: A qualitative study. Methods: A consecutive sample of 11 children and their parents (one father, ten mothers) was interviewed together but individually guided by a semi structured interview guide. Interviews were analyzed using thematic content analysis. Results: Four main categories were consistent across children and their parents;1) attitude to the illness, 2) sadness about diabetes, 3) the importance of the social network, and 4) the importance of the diabetes team. Worries about hyperglycemia were more prominent than worries about hypoglycemia in both children and parents. A distinguishing feature of the interviewed children was that they were responsible, strict and targeted. Many of them were competitive and took part in various sports, even at a very advanced level. Conclusions: This study shows that children with low HbA1c values experience good health and good well-being. Family support, good planning, and high acceptance of their illness contributed to this.

关键词： Diabetes Children Health Well-Being Low HbA1c Qualitative Study

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应用于功率芯片封装的瞬态液相扩散连接材料与接头可靠性研究进展

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材料导报 2021年第19期35卷 19116-19124页

作者：刘璇徐红艳李红徐菊 Hodulova Erika Kovarikova ingrid 北京工业大学材料科学与工程学院北京100124 中国科学院电工研究所微纳加工与智能电气设备研究部北京100190 斯洛伐克工业大学材料科学与技术学院斯洛伐克特尔纳瓦州91701

功率半导体由于其工作电压高、电流大、放热量大等特点,已逐渐向小型化、高致密化发展。新一代宽禁带半导体器件因其优异的性能可以提高工作温度和功率密度,展现出较好的应用前景,这对与之匹配的电力封装材料提出了更高的要求。随着工... 详细信息

功率半导体由于其工作电压高、电流大、放热量大等特点,已逐渐向小型化、高致密化发展。新一代宽禁带半导体器件因其优异的性能可以提高工作温度和功率密度,展现出较好的应用前景,这对与之匹配的电力封装材料提出了更高的要求。随着工作温度的不断升高,高温环境下失稳和运行环境不稳定等安全问题亟需解决,对功率半导体芯片封装接头的高温可靠性提出了更高的要求。且由于污染严重的高铅焊料不满足环保要求,高温无铅焊料的研制与对相应连接技术的研究成为当前的研究重点。瞬态液相扩散连接(Transient liquid phase bonding,TLP bonding)技术通过在低温下焊接形成耐高温金属间化合物接头,以满足“低温连接,高温服役”的要求,在新一代功率半导体的耐高温封装方面有良好的应用前景。针对TLP技术的耐高温封装材料有Sn基、In基和Bi基等。目前TLP连接材料主要有片层状、焊膏与焊片三种形态。其中片层状TLP焊料应用最早,且国内外对于其连接机理、接头性能和可靠性已有较为成熟的研究。近些年开发的基于复合粉末的焊膏与焊片形态TLP焊料具有相对较高的反应效率,但仍需大量理论与实验研究来验证其工业应用前景。本文综述了TLP连接用Sn基与In基焊料的特点,重点阐述了不同形态焊料在TLP连接机理、接头微观组织、力学性能与结构可靠性等方面的国内外研究现状及进展,并且认为接头中缺陷问题的研究以及不同服役条件下物相转化机制和接头失效机理的研究对高可靠性接头的制备具有重要意义。

关键词：瞬态液相扩散连接功率芯片耐高温封装焊料接头可靠性

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Foveal thickness reduction after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment in chronic diabetic macular edema

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第5期10卷 760-764页

作者： Gabriel Willmann Antonio Brunno Nepomuceno Katharina Messias Leticia Barroso ingrid U.Scott André Messias Rodrigo Jorge Centre for Ophthalmology University of Tübingen Eye Hospital Katharinen Hospital Department of Ophthalmology Ribeirao Preto School of Medicine University of Sao Paulo Departments of Ophthalmology and Public Health Sciences Penn State College of Medicine

AIM：To report foveal thickness reduction in eyes with resolution of macular edema and recovery of a foveal depression after one-year of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor（anti-VEGF） therapy for center-involving diabetic macular edema（DME）.METHODS：Foveal thickness was assessed with optical coherence tomography to determine the central subfield foveal thickness（CSFT） and macular volume in 42 eyes with DME（CSFT〉275 μm）. Evaluations also included measurement of best-corrected visual acuity（BCVA）, and were performed at baseline, and upon foveal depression recovery achieved after 12 monthly intravitreal injections of either 1.5 mg/0.06 mL bevacizumab（n=21） or 0.5 mg/0.05 mL ranibizumab（n=21）. Data was compared to 42 eyes of normally sighted, non-diabetic, healthy individuals with similar age, gender and race ***：Mean baseline BCVA was 0.59±0.04 and 0.32± 0.03 log MAR（P〈0.001） after treatment and resolution of DME, with all, but 3 eyes, showing BCVA improvement. Mean CSFT before treatment was 422.0±20.0 μm, and after treatment, decreased to 241.6±4.6 μm（P〈0.001）, which is significantly thinner than CSFT found in control subjects（272.0±3.4 μm; P〈0.001）. Moreover, in 33/42 DM eyes（79%）, CSTF was thinner than the matched control eye. Macular volume showed comparable results, but with lower differences between groups（control：8.5±0.4 mm^3; DME：8.2±1.0 mm^3; P=0.0267）.CONCLUSION：DME eyes show significantly lower foveal thickness than matched controls after DME resolution achieved with one-year anti-VEGF therapy. Further investigation into the reasonsfor this presumable retinal atrophy using fluorescein angiography and functional parameters as well as establishing possible predictors is warranted. This finding should be considered during the treatment of DME.

关键词： diabetes macular edema bevacizumab ranibizumab optical coherence tomography central subfield foveal thickness diabetic retinopathy

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Brazilian payment for environmental services programs emphasize water-related services

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第2期11卷 276-289页

作者： ingrid Mamedes Angélica Guerra Dulce B.B.Rodrigues Letícia Couto Garcia Raquel de Faria Godoi Paulo Tarso S.Oliveira Faculty of Engineering Architecture and Urbanism and GeographyFederal University of Mato Grosso do SulMS79070-900Brazil Programa de Pós-Graduaçāo em Ecologia e Conservaaçāo Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do SulCampo GrandeBrazil Laboratorio de Ecologia da Intervenaçāo-LEl Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do SulCampo GrandeBrazil Department of Hydraulics and Sanitary Engineering Sao Carlos School of EngineeringUniversity of Sao PauloSao CarlosSPBrazil

Based on"user pays"and"provider gets"principles,the Payment for Environmental Services(PES)consists of providing economic incentives or compensation for land users who adopt activities that promote ecosystem *** PES initiatives have grown rapidly in Brazil over the last few decades,however,studies that address the panorama of these programs in the country are still scarce,regional,or ***,we investigate the PES overview in Brazil through interviews and an extensive literature *** found in total 80 PES programs implemented in Brazil,of which 14 were *** pro-grams are poorly distributed across the country,mostly concentrated in the Atlantic Forest(56.25%)and Savanna(36.25%)biomes,in Southeastern *** majority of programs primarily prioritize improving water quality and ***,reforestation,protection of native vegetation,and soil and water conservation are their main proposed *** positive impacts of Brazil's PES experi-ences are evident;while the lack of transparency and monitoring,and poor spatial and financial dis-tribution are still major *** conclude that if correctly implemented,PES schemes offer a path to reconcile environmental conservation with agricultural production in Brazil.

关键词： Conservation funding Ecological restoration Environmental compliance Public policy Soil and water conservation

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3D-bioprinted cholangiocarcinoma-on-a-chip model for evaluating drug responses

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2023年第4期6卷 373-389页

作者： Qiong Liu Luis SMille Cesar Villalobos ingrid Anaya Matthias Vostatek Sili Yi Wanlu Li Junlong Liao Huanghui Wu Yongteng Song Lize Xiong Yu Shrike Zhang Division of Engineering in Medicine Department of MedicineBrigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolCambridgeMA 02139USA Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence Shanghai Fourth People’s HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai 200434China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation Shanghai 200434China Department of Bioengineering Stanford UniversityPalo AltoCA 94305USA Biotechnological Engineering Program Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education64849 MonterreyNuevo LeónMexico Molecular Biotechnology University of Applied Sciences Campus Vienna1100 ViennaAustria Rapid Manufacturing Engineering Center School of Mechatronical Engineering and AutomationShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China

Cholangiocarcinoma(CCA)is characterized by heterogeneous mutations and a refractory ***,the development of a model for effective drug screening is urgently *** the established therapeutic testing models for CCA are often ineffective,we fabricated an enabling three-dimensional(3D)-bioprinted CCA-on-a-chip model that to a good extent resembled the multicellular microenvironment and the anatomical microstructure of the hepato-vascular-biliary system to perform high-content antitumor drug ***,cholangiocytes,hepatocytes,and vascular endotheliocytes were employed for 3D bioprinting of the models,allowing for a high degree of spatial and tube-like microstructural ***,it was possible to observe CCA cells attached to the surfaces of the gelatin methacryloyl(GelMA)hydrogelembedded microchannels and overgrown in a thickening manner,generating bile duct stenosis,which was expected to be analogous to the in vivo *** 4000 differentially expressed genes were detected in the CCA cells in our 3D coculture model compared to the traditional two-dimensional(2D)*** screening revealed that the CCA cells grown in the 3D traditional model were more sensitive to the antitumoral prodrug than those in the 2D monoculture due to drug biotransformation by the neighboring functional *** study provides proof-of-concept validation of our bioprinted CCA-on-a-chip as a promising drug screening model for CCA treatment and paves the way for potential personalized medicine strategies for CCA patients in the future.

关键词： Tumor-on-a-chip Biliary tumor 3D bioprinting Tumor microenvironment Drug screening

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How to improve the runabllity of wheat straw pulp

How to improve the runabllity of wheat straw pulp

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1988国际非木材纤维制浆造纸会议

作者： ingrid Fineman STFI Stockholm Sweden

＜正＞Straw pulp normally gives more serious sticking problems on the press rolls and more frequent web breaks at the wet end of the paper machine than wood pulp, thus causing poor runability in paper making. These problems are usually ascribed to low wet strength and high adhesion to the press rolls of webs containing straw pulp. In order to find ways of improving the paper machine runability and quality of paper containing straw pulp, factors affecting the wet web strength and adhesion of the pulp to press, roll materials were investigated. On the basis of the results, measures to improve the runability are suggested.

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Relation between half-cell and fuel cell activity and stability of FeNC catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction

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SusMat 2022年第5期2卷 630-645页

作者： Janik Scharf Markus Kübler Vladislav Gridin William David Zacharias Wallace Lingmei Ni Stephen Daniel Paul Ulrike ingrid Kramm Department of Chemistry Catalysts and ElectrocatalystsTechnical University of DarmstadtDarmstadtGermany Department of Materials and Earth Sciences Catalysts and ElectrocatalystsTechnical University of DarmstadtDarmstadtGermany BMW Group Munich MunichGermany

FeNC catalysts are promising substitutes of platinum-type catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR).While previous research disclosed that high pyrolysis temperatures are required to achieve good stability,it was identified that a trade-off needs to be made regarding the active site *** central question is,if a good stability can also be reached at milder pyrolysis conditions but longer duration retaining more active sites,while enabling the defect-rich carbon to heal during a long residence time?To address this,a variation of pyrolysis temperatures and durations is used in FeNC *** morphology and iron species are characterized by Raman spectroscopy and Mössbauer spectroscopy,*** cell(FC)activity and stability data are *** results are compared to ORR activity and selectivity data from rotating ring disc electrode experiments and resulting durability in accelerated stress tests mimicking the load cycle and start-up and shut-down cycle *** is discussed how pyrolysis temperature and duration affect FC activity and ***,more important,the results connect the pyrolysis conditions to the required accelerated stress test protocol combination to enable a prediction of the catalyst stability in fuel cells.

关键词： accelerated stress tests FeNC catalysts fuel cells Mössbauer spectroscopy oxygen reduction reaction

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研究提示他汀类药物被过度处方用于心血管疾病初级预防

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英国医学杂志中文版 2019年第3期22卷 144-145页

作者： ingrid Torjesen 霍永丰(译) 不详中华医学杂志编辑部

发表在 Annals of Internal Medicine杂志上的一项模型研究提示,多个临床指南推荐的起始应用他汀类药物作为心血管疾病(CVD)初级预防措施所依据的CVD 10年风险水平过低。该研究发现,仅在CVD 10年风险显著高于各项指南推荐的7.5%~10.0%... 详细信息

发表在 Annals of Internal Medicine杂志上的一项模型研究提示,多个临床指南推荐的起始应用他汀类药物作为心血管疾病(CVD)初级预防措施所依据的CVD 10年风险水平过低。该研究发现,仅在CVD 10年风险显著高于各项指南推荐的7.5%~10.0%的阈值时,他汀类药物用于CVD初级预防才会带来真正的获益。这项发现支持英国国家健康与临床优选研究所(NICE)2014年的决定.

关键词：他汀类药物心血管疾病初级预防处方临床指南 CVD 研究所风险

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21.5%以上效率Panda-TOPCon双面电池技术研究

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太阳能学报 2019年第4期40卷 1029-1033页

作者：翟金叶张伟王子谦刘大伟李锋 ingrid Romijn 光伏材料与技术国家重点实验室英利能源(中国)有限公司保定071051 荷兰能源研究中心

主要研究可应用于规模化生产的TOPCon(tunnel oxide passivated contact)电池技术,该技术既可改善电池表面钝化又可促进多数载流子传输,进而提升电池的开路电压和填充因子。Panda-TOPCon电池是在英利熊猫(Panda)电池基础上引入TOPCon技... 详细信息

主要研究可应用于规模化生产的TOPCon(tunnel oxide passivated contact)电池技术,该技术既可改善电池表面钝化又可促进多数载流子传输,进而提升电池的开路电压和填充因子。Panda-TOPCon电池是在英利熊猫(Panda)电池基础上引入TOPCon技术,在研究中对氧化硅/多晶硅叠层(SiO_2/polySi)的表面钝化效果在n型硅片上进行验证,通过优化该结构中SiO_2/polySi掺杂、SiO_2成膜方式以及polySi厚度等,最终制备的Panda-TOPCon电池的开路电压达到676 mV,填充因子达到80%,实现了21.54%的光电转换效率。

关键词：双面电池钝化接触 TOPCon 隧穿氧化层 polySi层

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