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Assessing spatial genetic structure from molecular marker data via principal component analyses: A case study in a <i>Prosopis</i>sp. forest

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2014年第2期5卷 89-99页

作者： ingrid Teich Aníbal Verga Mónica Balzarini Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria Córdoba Argentina Statistics and Biometry Faculty of Agricultural Sciences National University of Córdoba-CONICET Córdoba Argentina

Advances in genotyping technology, such as molecular markers, have noticeably improved our capacity to characterize genomes at multiple loci. Concomitantly, the methodological framework to analyze genetic data has expanded, and keeping abreast with the latest statistical developments to analyze molecular marker data in the context of spatial genetics has become a difficult task. Most methods in spatial statistics are devoted to univariate data whereas the nature of molecular marker data is highly dimensional. Multivariate methods are aimed at finding proximities between entities characterized by multiple variables by summarizing information in few synthetic variables. In particular, Principal Component analysis (PCA) has been used to study genetic structure of geo-referenced allele frequency profiles, incorporating spatial information with a posteriori analysis. Conversely, the recently developed spatially restricted PCA (sPCA) explicitly includes spatial data in the optimization criterion. In this work, we compared the results of the application of PCA and sPCA in the study of the spatial genetic structure at fine scale of a Prosopis flexuosa and P. chilensis hybrid swarm. Data consisted in the genetic characterization of 87 trees sampled in Córdoba, Argentina and genotyped at six microsatellites, which yielded 72 alleles. As expected, principal components explained more variance than sPCA components, but were less spatially autocorrelated. The maps obtained by the interpolation of sPC1 values allowed a better visualization of a patchy spatial pattern of genetic variability than the PC1 synthetic map. We also proposed a PC-sPC scatter plot of allele loadings to better understand the allele contributions to spatial genetic variability.

关键词： Multivariate Analysis Forests Molecular Markers Spatial Genetics sPCA

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Everolimus halts hepatic cystogenesis in a rodent model of polycystic-liver-disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第30期23卷 5499-5507页

作者： Frederik Temmerman Feng Chen Louis Libbrecht ingrid Vander Elst Petra Windmolders Yuanbo Feng Yicheng Ni Humbert De Smedt Frederik Nevens Jos van Pelt Laboratory of Hepatology Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Faculty of Medicine University of Leuven Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Hospitals KU Leuven Department of Radiology The first Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University Department of Pathology Ghent University Hospital Department of Imaging and Pathology Faculty of Medicine Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signalling Unit of Clinical Digestive Oncology Department of Oncology KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI)

AIM To develop a MRI-based method for accurate determination of liver volume(LV) and to explore the effect of long-term everolimus(EVR) treatment on LV in PCK rats with hepatomegaly. METHODS Thirty-one female PCK rats(model for polycystic-liverdisease: PCLD) were randomized into 3 groups and treatment was started at 16 wk, at the moment of extensive hepatomegaly(comparable to what is done in the human disease). Animals received: controls(n = 14), lanreotide(LAN: 3 mg/kg per 2 wk)(n = 10) or everolimus(EVR: 1 mg/kg per day)(n = 7). LV was measured at week 16, 24, 28. At week 28, all rats were sacrificed and liver tissue was harvested. Fibrosis was evaluated using quantitative image analysis. In addition, gene(quantitative RT-PCR) and protein expression(by Western blot) of the PI3K/Ak T/m TOR signaling pathway was investigated. RESULTS LV determination by MRI correlated excellent with the ex vivo measurements(r = 0.99, P < 0.001). The relative changes in LV at the end of treatment were:(controls) +31.8%;(LAN) +5.1% and(EVR) +8.8%, indicating a significantly halt of LV progression compared with controls(respectively, P = 0.01 and P = 0.04). Furthermore, EVR significantly reduced the amount of liver fibrosis(P = 0.004) thus might also prevent the development of portal hypertension. There was no difference in phosphorylation of Akt(Threonine 308) between LAN-treated PCK rats control PCK rats, whereas S6 was significantly more phosphorylated in the LAN group. Phosphorylation of Akt was not different between controls and EVR treated rats, however, for S6 there was significantly less phosphorylation in the EVR treated rats. Thus, both drugs interact with the PI3K/Ak T/m TOR signaling cascade but acting at different molecular *** Everolimus halts cyst growth comparable to lanreotide and reduces the development of fibrosis. m TORinhibition should be further explored in PCLD patients especially those that need immunosuppression.

关键词： Fibrocystic liver disease mTOR inhibitor somatostatin analogue liver volume measurement Magnetic resonance imaging

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Cross Border Terrorism in Lake Chad Basin ——A Case Study of the Far North of Cameroon

Cross Border Terrorism in Lake Chad Basin ——A Case Study o...

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作者： Dankam Winnie ingrid 华中师范大学

学位级别：硕士

21世纪被公认为是全球恐怖主义的时代。本篇论文的研究也属于这一范畴:暴动已成为某些组织向政府提出自己主张的新沟通方式。“群Sunnah说教和人民圣战”或一般称为博科圣地在同一模式入侵乍得盆地湖。他们声称,除了他们教徒,其余都是... 详细信息

21世纪被公认为是全球恐怖主义的时代。本篇论文的研究也属于这一范畴:暴动已成为某些组织向政府提出自己主张的新沟通方式。“群Sunnah说教和人民圣战”或一般称为博科圣地在同一模式入侵乍得盆地湖。他们声称,除了他们教徒,其余都是异族。喀麦隆属于乍得湖盆地地区,因此受到始于原伊斯兰教派成员国——尼日利亚现状的影响。因此本研究的目的是通过分析喀麦隆远北地区的各种恐怖袭击案例阐述跨境叛乱的详情。这也是对喀麦隆政府回应恐怖分子的一种考验。研究证明,军方可以有效地解决不安全感及暴力的局面,但同时也表明了非洲甚至全世界恐怖袭击事件因政府或某些州对人民的不公平的社会待遇而日益增多,因此我们应该将尊重人权、保证人们受教育和工作的权利,以及保障使人民有机会实现自己的梦想的权利作为解决各种恐怖袭击的开始,那么他们的民族主义和维和感也将得以收到保护。Leon KOUNGOU也持有相同的观点,并不断强调:“军队是一把锤子,但所有的麻烦不是钉子”。

关键词：起义博科圣地安全喀麦隆乍得盆地湖

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A Hierarchical Classifier Applied to Multi-way Sentiment Detection

A Hierarchical Classifier Applied to Multi-way Sentiment Det...

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计算语言学第23届国际学术会议

作者： Adrian Bickerstaffe ingrid Zukerman Faculty of Information Technology Monash University

＜正＞This paper considers the problem of document-level multi-way sentiment detection, proposing a hierarchical classifier algorithm that accounts for the inter-class similarity of tagged sentiment-bearing *** type of classifier also provides a natural mechanism for reducing the feature space of the *** results show that this approach improves on state-of-the-art predictive performance for movie reviews with three-star and fourstar ratings,while simultaneously reducing training times and memory requirements.

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The DNA-binding factor Ctcf critically controls gene expression in macrophages

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2014年第1期11卷 58-70页

作者： Tatjana Nikolic Dowty Movita Margaretha EH Lambers Claudia Ribeiro de Almeida] Paula Biesta Kim Kreefft Marjolein JW de Bruijn ingrid Bergen Niels Galjart Andre Boonstra Rudi Hendriks Department of Pulmonary Medicine Erasmus MC Rotterdam The Netherlands Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Erasmus MCRotterdam The Netherlands Department of Cell Biology and Genetics Erasmus MC Rotterdam The Netherlands Current address: Dr T Nikolic Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands DrCR de Almeida Sir William Dunn School of Pathology University of Oxford Oxford UK. Both authors contributed equally

Macrophages play an important role in immunity and homeostasis. Upon pathogen recognition via specific receptors, they rapidly induce inflammatory responses. This process is tightly controlled at the transcriptional level. The DNA binding zinc-finger protein CCCTC-binding factor （Ctcf） is a crucial regulator of long-range chromatin interactions and coordinates specific communication between transcription factors and gene expression processes. In this study, the Ctcf gene was specifically deleted in myeloid cells by making use of the transgenic Cre-LoxP system. Conditional deletion of the Ctcfgene in myeloid cells induced a mild phenotype in vivo. Ctcf-deficient mice exhibited significantly reduced expression of major histocompatibility complex （MHC） class II in the liver. Ctcf-deficient macrophages demonstrated a normal surface phenotype and phagocytosis capacity. Upon Toll-like receptor （TLR） stimulation, they produced normal levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-12 and IL-6, but manifested a strongly impaired capacity to produce tumor-necrosis factor （TNF） and IL-IO, as well as to express the IL-IO family members IL-19, IL-20 and IL-24. Taken together, our data demonstrate a role of Ctcf that involves fine-tuning of macrophage function.

关键词： Ctcf IL-IO locus macrophage myeloid TLR

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Ultrastructure of the gastro intestinal tract of healthy Japanese quail(Coturnix japonica) using light and scanning electron microscopy

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Animal Nutrition 2018年第4期4卷 378-387页

作者： Ngare Wilkinson Ivan Dinev William J.Aspden Robert J.Hughes ingrid Christiansen James Chapman Sheeana Gangadoo Robert J.Moore Dragana Stanley Central Queensland University Institute for Future Farming Systems Poultry Cooperative Research Centre University of New England Armidale Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Trakia University South Australian Research and Development Institute Pig and Poultry Production Institute School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences University of Adelaide School of Science RMIT University Department of Microbiology Monash University

The Japanese quail(Coturnix japonica) are popular both as an alternative protein source and as a model of choice for scientific research in several disciplines. There is limited published information on the histological features of the intestinal tract of Japanese quail. The only comprehensive reference is a book published in 1969. This study aims to fill that niche by providing a reference of general histological features of the Japanese quail, covering all the main sections of the intestinal tract. Both light and scanning electron microscope(SEM) images are presented. Results showed that the Japanese quail intestinal tract is very similar to that of the chicken with the exception of the luminal koilin membrane of the gizzard. Scanning electron microscopic photomicrographs show that in the Japanese quail koilin vertical rods are tightly packed together in a uniform manner making a carpet-like appearance. This differs in chicken where the conformations of vertical rods are arranged in clusters.

关键词： Japanese quail Coturnix japonica Histology Microscopy Scanning electron microscopy Gastrointestinal tract

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FOLFIRINOX and translational studies: Towards personalized therapy in pancreatic cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第31期22卷 6987-7005页

作者： Chiara Caparello Laura L Meijer ingrid Garajova Alfredo Falcone Tessa Y Le Large Niccola Funel Geert Kazemier Godefridus J Peters Enrico Vasile Elisa Giovannetti University Hospital of Pisa 56124 Pisa Italy Department of Medical Oncology VU University Medical Center 1081 HV Amsterdam The Netherlands Department of Surgery VU University Medical Center 1081 HV Amsterdam The Netherlands Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Speciality Medicine University of Bologna Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital Via Massarenti 9 40138 Bologna Italy Cancer Pharmacology Lab AIRC Start-Up Unit University of Pisa 56124 Pisa Italy CNR-Nano Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology University of Pisa 56124 Pisa Italy

Pancreatic cancer is an extremely aggressive disease; although progress has been made in the last few years, the prognosis of these patients remains dismal. FOLFIRINOX is now considered a standard treatment in first-line setting, since it demonstrated an improved overall and progression-free survival vs gemcitabine alone. However, the enthusiasm over the benefit of this three-drug regimen is tempered by the associated increased toxicity profile, and many efforts have been made to improve the feasibility of this schedule. After a more recent phase Ⅲ trial showing an improved outcome over gemcitabine, the combination of gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel emerged as another standard first-line treatment. However, this treatment is also associated with more side effects. In addition, despite initial promising data on the predictive role of SPARClevels, recent studies showed that these levels are not associated with nab-paclitaxel efficacy. The choice to use this treatment over FOLFIRINOX is therefore a topic of debate, also because no validated biomarkers to guide FOLFIRINOX treatment are available. In the era of actionable mutations and target agents it would be desirable to identify molecular factors or biomarkers to predict response to therapy in order to maximize the efficacy of treatment and avoid useless toxic effects for non-responding patients. However, until today the milestone of treatment for pancreatic cancer remains chemotherapy combinations, without predictive or monitoring tools existing to optimize therapy. This review analyzes the state-of-the-art treatments, promises and limitations of targeted therapies, ongoing trials and future perspectives, including potential role of microR NAs as predictive biomarkers.

关键词： FOLFIRINOX Personalized therapy New treatments MicroR NA Pancreatic cancer

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The social environment is most important for not using snus or smoking among adolescents

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Health 2012年第12期4卷 1247-1255页

作者： ingrid Edvardsson Lena Lendahls Tobias Andersson Goran Ejlertsson Department of Clinical Sciences Malmo Lund UniversityLundSweden Unit for Research and Development Kronoberg County CouncilKronobergSweden Kampinas Gard 1 AngelstadSweden School of Health and Society Kristianstad UniversityKristianstadSweden

Aims: To identify factors, which were related to being smoke-free and snus-free, respectively, among adolescents in relation to adolescents who were smoking and/or using snus, and determine if there were any sex differences. Methods: A questionnaire study was performed among students in year two in upper secondary schools (17-years-old) in southern Sweden in 2009. More than 2200 students completed the questionnaire regarding health and living habits anonymously. The variables were tested by χ2-test, before selection into the logistic model. Because of the salutogenic approach in the study, the results of the logistic regression analyses were expressed as Positive Odds Ratio (POR). Results: The prevalence of being smoke- free was 75.6 percent for girls and 70.2 percent for boys, whilst the prevalence of being snus- free was 95.1 percent for girls and 70.2 percent for boys. Having a tobacco-free best friend was the most important factor that correlated with being smoke- and snus-free as an adolescent, for both boys and girls. Good living habits, such as drinking less alcohol, were also central to being smoke-free and snus-free. Conclusions: The results show that a tobacco-free environment has a great influence on whether or not adolescents stay tobacco-free. As the environment has a big impact, the school has a big challenge to work with the school environment and policies but also with family responsibility, norms and attitudes to tobacco.

关键词： Adolescents Cross-Sectional Salutogenic Snus-Free Smoke-Free Social Environment

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中国中小型企业保理业务的信用风险管理

中国中小型企业保理业务的信用风险管理

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作者： ingrid Tatiana Chaves（英格丽）北京化工大学

学位级别：硕士

保理通常被视为一项应收账款管理政策,其中包含转包给多个信用方面的管理过程。这项管理过程的重要性主要表现在公司的业务增长很大程度上牵扯到公司的融资问题。而这点特别吸引中小企业的关注,特别是像在中国这样的国家,中小企业面临... 详细信息

保理通常被视为一项应收账款管理政策,其中包含转包给多个信用方面的管理过程。这项管理过程的重要性主要表现在公司的业务增长很大程度上牵扯到公司的融资问题。而这点特别吸引中小企业的关注,特别是像在中国这样的国家,中小企业面临的融资问题还没有得到缓解。本文面向中国地区,全面分析了“保理未能克服融资约束”的失败案例,并提出一个如何改善保理指南,并更好解决中小企业融资问题(包括信用分析管理模式)来更好地组合企业的投资、选择客户、最大化防止和避免信用风险、提高生产力,创造更多新业务流和收入。

关键词：中小型企业保理业务信用风险管理

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轻松学德语

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丛书名：轻松学外语系列

2013年

作者： (美)Dieter Sevin (美)ingrid Sevin梁亮译

本书是针对德语初学者编写的，既可以用于德语专业一、二年级，也可用于其他德语学习者。本书是美国二外德语的教材，语言地道，形式多样，配有大量图片。本书为第八版，可见其受欢迎的程度。

ISBN: (纸本)9787301154502

关键词：德语

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