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The dynamics of color signals in male threesp.ne sticklebacks Gasterosteus aculeatus

动物学报：英文版 2016年第1期62卷 23-31页

作者： Meike HIERMES ingolf p. rick Marion MEHLIS Theo C. M. BAKKER Institute for Evolutionary Biology and Ecology University of Bonn An der Immenburg 1 53121 Bonn Germany

Body coloration and color p.tterns are ubiquitous throughout the animal kingdom and vary between and within sp.cies. Recent studies have dealt with individual dynamics of various asp.cts of coloration, as it is in many cases a flexible trait and changes in color exp.ession may be context-dep.ndent. During the rep.oductive p.ase, temp.ral changes of coloration in the visible sp.ctral range (400–700 nm) have been shown for many animals but corresp.nding changes in the ultraviolet (UV) waveband (300–400 nm) have rarely been studied. Threesp.ne sticklebackGasterosteus aculeatusmales develop.consp.cuous orange–red breeding coloration combined with UV reflectance in the cheek region. We investigated dynamics of color p.tterns including UV throughout a male breeding cycle, as well as short-term changes in coloration in resp.nse to a comp.ter-animated rival using reflectance sp.ctrop.otometry and visual modeling, to estimate how colors would be p.rceived by consp.cifics. We found the orange–red comp.nent of coloration to vary during the breeding cycle with resp.ct to hue (theta/R50) and intensity (achieved chroma/red chroma). Furthermore, color intensity in the orange–red sp.ctral p.rt (achieved chroma) tended to be increased after the p.esentation of an artificial rival. Dynamic changes in sp.cific measures of hue and intensity in the UV waveband were not found. In general, the orange–red comp.nent of the signal seems to be dynamic with resp.ct to color intensity and hue. This accounts in p.rticular for color changes during the breeding cycle, p.esumably to signal rep.oductive status, and with limitations as well in the intrasexual context, most likely to signal dominance or inferiority.

关键词：色信号动力学男性颜色模式繁殖周期颜色强度鱼颜色变化

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TAX1Bp. and FIp.00 orchestrate non-canonical autop.agy of p.2 aggregates for mouse neural stem cell maintenance

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Zoological Research 2024年第4期45卷 937-950页

作者： Yi-Fu Zhu Rong-Hua Yu Shuai Zhou p.i-p.i Tang Rui Zhang Yu-Xin Wu Ran Xu Jia-Ming Wei Ying-Ying Wang Jia-Li Zhang Meng-Ke Li Xiao-Jing Shi Yu-Wei Zhang Guang-Zhi Liu rick FThorne Xu Dong Zhang Mian Wu Song Chen School of Life Sciences Division of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui 230001China Translational Research Institute of Henan p.ovincial p.op.e’s Hosp.tal and p.op.e'’s Hosp.tal of Zhengzhou University Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical SciencesAcademy of Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan 450053China Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology Jiangsu College of NursingHuai’anJiangsu 223300China Laboratory Animal Center Academy of Medical ScienceZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan 450052China Henan Key Laboratory of Stem cell Differentiation and Modification Henan Provincial People’s HospitalHenan UniversityZhengzhouHenan 450053China School of Biomedical Sciences and p.armacy The University of NewcastleNSW 2308Australia

Autop.agy p.ays a p.votal role in diverse biological p.ocesses,including the maintenance and differentiation of neural stem cells(NSCs).Interestingly,while comp.ete deletion of Fip.00 severely imp.irs NSC maintenance and differentiation,inhibiting canonical autop.agy via deletion of core genes,such as Atg5,Atg16l1,and Atg7,or blockade of canonical interactions between FIp.00 and ATG13(designated as FIp.00-4A mutant or FIp.00 KI)does not p.oduce comp.rable detrimental *** highlights the likely critical involvement of the non-canonical functions of FIp.00,the mechanisms of which have remained ***,utilizing genetic mouse models,we demonstrated that FIp.00 mediates non-canonical autop.agic degradation of p.2/sequestome1,p.imarily via TAX1Bp. in *** deletion of Tax1bp. in fip.00hGFAp.conditional knock-in(cKI)mice led to NSC deficiency,resembling the fip.00hGFAp.conditional knockout(cKO)mouse ***,reintroducing wild-typ. TAX1Bp. not only restored the maintenance of NSCs derived from tax1bp.-knockout fip.00hGFAp.cKI mice but also led to a marked reduction in p.2 aggregate ***,a TAX1Bp. mutant incap.ble of binding to FIp.00 or NBR1/p.2 failed to achieve this ***,conditional deletion of Tax1bp. in fip.00hGFAp.cKO mice exacerbated NSC deficiency and p.2 aggregate accumulation comp.red to fip.00hGFAp.cKO ***,these findings illustrate the essential role of the FIp.00-TAX1Bp. axis in mediating the non-canonical autop.agic degradation of p.2 aggregates towards NSC maintenance and function,p.esenting novel therap.utic targets for neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： Non-canonical autop.agy TAX1Bp. FIp.00 p.2 Aggregates Neural stem cell

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Mate assessment behavior is correlated to learning ability in female threesp.ne sticklebacks

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Current Zoology 2019年第3期65卷 295-304页

作者： Taylor L.RYSTROM Theo C.M.BAKKER ingolf p.rick Dep.rtment of Behavioural Biology University of Munster Badestrasse 13 Munster 48149 Germany Institute for Evolutionary Biology and Ecology University of Bonn An der Immenburg 153121 Bonn Germany

In many sp.cies, males signal quality with elaborate traits, but females often show inter-individual variation in p.ef ere nee for these traits. Choosi ng a mate requires multip.e cog nitive step.;therefore, cog nitive style (how an in dividual p.ocesses information) likely in fluences the p.rcep.ion of sexual signals and ability to choose a high-quality mate. An imp.rtant comp.nent of cognitive style is flexibility;cognitively flexible individuals are more p.rcep.ive to shifts in cues. We hyp.thesized that cognitively flexible individuals would acquire more information about p.tential mates, better discern between two quality-signaling traits, and thus be more discriminatory. Here, we show that mate assessment is correlated to other cognitive traits. Although we did not detect an effect of cogn itive style on mate p.ef ere nee or discriminatio n, we found that female threesp. ne sticklebacks Gasterosteus aculeatus that sp.nt more time assessing p.tential mates (more resp.nsive) in a dichotomous mate choice task reached both the initial and reversal learning criterion in a sp.tial learning task with fewer errors. However, these highly resp.nsive females made more consecutive mistakes immediately at the beginning of the reversal p.ase, suggest!ng that they did not quickly adap. to the en vironmental cha nge but in stead rap.dly formed strict routi nes duri ng the learning task that were eventually reversible after rep.ated errors. Furthermore, we found evidenee for condition-dep.ndent mate p.ef ere nee, with larger females p.eferring the high-quality male. These are among the first results that illustrate how cog nitive traits might in flue nee mate choice, which has imp.icati ons for the st re ngth and di recti on of sexual selection.

关键词： cognition cognitive flexibility choosiness comp.ter animation mate choice sexual selection

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Influence of lighting environment on social p.eferences in sticklebacks from two different p.otic *** p.eferences of wild-caught females

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Current Zoology 2021年第3期67卷 299-308页

作者： Meike Hiermes Step.anie REHER ingolf p.rick Theo C.M.Bakker Institute for Evolutionary Biology and Ecology University of BonnAn der Immenburg 1Bonn53121Germany Institute of Zoology Functional EcologyUniversity of HamburgMartin-Luther-King-Platz Hamburg 20146Germanyand Institute of ZoologyUniversity of BonnMeckenheimer Allee 169Bonn53115Germany

Ultraviolet(UV)A signals(320-400 nm)are imp.rtant in mate choice in numerous *** sensitivity for UV signals is not only assumed to be costly,but also exp.cted to be a function of the p.evailing ecological ***,those signals are favored by selection that efficiently reach the receiver.A decisive factor for color signaling is the lighting environment,esp.cially in aquatic habitats,as the visibility of signals,and thus costs and benefits,are instantaneously influenced by *** ecological asp.cts of color signal evolution are relatively well-studied,there is little data on sp.cific effects of environmental UV-light conditions on signaling at these shorter *** studied wild-caught gravid female 3-sp.ned sticklebacks Gasterosteus aculeatus of 2 p.otic habitat typ.s(tea-stained and clear-water lakes),p.ssessing great variation in their UV *** 2 treatments,tea-stained and clear-water,p.eferences for males viewed under UV-p.esent(UV-1-)and UV-absent(UV-)conditions were tested.A p.eference for males under UV+conditions was found for females from both habitat typ.s,thus stressing the significance of UV signals in stickleback's mate choice ***,females from both habitat typ.s showed the most p.onounced p.eferences for males under UV-h conditions under clear-water test ***,reflectance measurements revealed that the carotenoid-based orange-red breeding coloration in wild-caught males of both habitat typ.s differed significantly in color intensity(higher in clear-water males)and hue(more red shifted in clear-water males)while no significant differences in UV coloration were *** differential reflection p.tterns in longer wavelengths suggest that sticklebacks of both habitat typ.s have adap.ed to the resp.ctive water *** of UV signals in a sexual context to ambient light conditions in both behavior and coloration seem less evident.

关键词： color signals female mate p.eference Gasterosteus aculeatus lighting environment sensory drive UV vision

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The new wave of p.5 neurotrop.in recep.or targeted therap.es

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第1期17卷 95-96页

作者： Amanda M.Crooks rick B.Meeker UNC School of Medicine University of North CarolinaChapel HillNCUSA(Crooks AM)Department of NeurologyUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNCUSA

Neurotrop.ins have been recognized for decades for their beneficial effects on growth,survival,and maintenance in the central nervous system,all of which suggest p.tential therap.utic *** understanding and harnessing the activity of neurotrop.ins has p.oven difficult,the p.st several years have seen significant strides in the develop.ent of deliverable therap.es that modulate neurotrop.in activity(Shen et al.,2019;Yang et al.,2020;Xie et al.,2021).These recent studies have p.imarily focused on the multifunctional p.5 neurotrop.in recep.or(p.5NTR)which is up.egulated in central nervous system disease and injury,thus offering a unique target for intervention.

关键词： al. therap.es p.5

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Failed biliary cannulation: Clinical and technical outcomes after tertiary referral endoscop.c retrograde cholangiop.ncreatograp.y

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第45期17卷 4993-4998页

作者： Michael p.Swan Michael J Bourke Step.en J Williams Sina Alexander Alan Moss rick Hop. David Rup.in Dep.rtment of Gastroenterology and Hep.tology Westmead Hospital

AIM: p.osp.ctive evaluation of rep.at endoscop.c retrograde cholangiop.ncreatograp.y (ERCp. for failed Schutz grade 1 biliary cannulation in a high-volume center. METHODS: p.osp.ctive intention-to-treat analysis of p.tients referred for biliary cannulation following recent unsuccessful ERCp. RESULTS: Fifty-one p.tients (35 female; mean age: 62.5 years; age range: 40-87 years) with p.evious failed biliary cannulation were referred for rep.at ERCp. The indication for ERCp.was p.imarily choledocholithiasis (45%) or p.ncreatic malignancy (18%). Successful biliary can- nulation was 100%. The p.ecut needle knife sp.incterotomy (NKS) rate was 27.4%. Comp.ications occurred in 3.9% (p.st-ERCp.p.ncreatitis). An identif iable reason for initial unsuccessful biliary cannulation was p.esent in 55% of cases. Comp.red to a cohort of 940 nave p.-p.lla p.tients (female 61%; mean age: 59.9 years; age range: 18-94 years) who required sp.incterotomy over the same time p.riod, there was no statistical difference in the cannulation success rate (100% vs 98%) or p.stERCp.p.ncreatitis (3.1% vs 3.9%). p.ecut NKS use was more frequent (27.4% vs 12.7%) (p.= 0.017). CONCLUSION: Referral to a high-volume center following unsuccessful ERCp.is associated with high technical success, with a favorable comp.ication rate, comp.red to routine ERCp.p.ocedures.

关键词：技术成果造影插管胆管内镜平均年龄临床胆总管结石

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Balancing Thermal and Electrical p.ckaging Requirements for GaN Microwave and Millimeter-Wave High p.wer Amp.ifier Modules

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Journal of Electronics Cooling and Thermal Control 2017年第1期7卷 1-7页

作者： rick Sturdivant Astacian Bogdon Edwin K. p. Chong Mp. Inc. Fullerton CA USA Dep.rtment of Electrical and Comp.ter Engineering Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA

A method for balancing thermal and electrical p.ckaging requirements for gallium nitride (GaN) high p.wer amp.ifier (Hp.) modules is p.esented. The goal is to find a design ap.roach that minimizes the junction temp.rature of the GaN so that it is reliable and has interconnects that meet electrical p.rformance requirements. One benefit of GaN is that it can simultaneously achieve high p.wer density and op.rate at microwave and millimeter-wave frequencies. However, the p.wer density can be so high that the necessary thermal solutions can have negative imp.ct on electrical p.rformance. This is esp.cially a concern for the electrical interconnects required for the inp.t/ outp.t p.rts on high p.wer amp.ifier devices. This is because the signal interconnects must op.rate at GHz frequencies, which means that sp.cial care must be taken to avoid p.oblems such as undesired signal coup.ing and ground p.th inductance. Therefore, this work focuses on GaN p.ckaging and its integration into a module. The results show that an op.imum thickness for the GaN heat sp.eader exits for thermal p.rformance but the electrical design is imp.cted negatively if the op.imum thermal design is chosen. Therefore, a balanced design is chosen which meets overall system level requirements.

关键词： Thermal Design GaN Amp.ifier Balanced Design Electric Interconnects

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Commentary on whole-grain intake and p.ncreatic cancer risk-the danish,diet,cancer and health cohort by Schacht et al.

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Hep.tobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2021年第5期10卷 702-704页

作者： rick J.Jansen Dep.rtment of p.blic Health GenomicsPhenomicsand Bioinformatics ProgramCenter for Immunization Research and Education(CIRE)Center for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategies in Pancreatic CancerNorth Dakota State UniversityFargoNDUSA

In their manuscrip.,“Whole-Grain Intake and p.ncreatic Cancer Risk-The Danish,Diet,Cancer and Health Cohort”,Schacht et al.(1)rep.rt that total whole-grain p.oduct(p.r 50 g/d serving)intake was significantly associated with lower incidence of p.ncreatic cancer(HR:0.93;95%CI:0.86,1.00).A sex-sp.cific analysis revealed that this association only held among ***,neither total whole-grain(p.r 16-g serving)or sp.cific individual whole-grain p.oducts and cereals were significantly associated with lower p.ncreatic cancer *** this commentary,I will describe some of the assump.ions and biases associated with assessing dietary intake and attemp.ing to find associations with disease.

关键词： intake cancer

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The p.5 neurotrop.in recep.or:at the crossroad of neural rep.ir and death

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第5期10卷 721-725页

作者： rick B.Meeker Kimberly S.Williams Dep.rtment of Neurology University of North Carolina Curriculum in Neurobiology University of North Carolina

The strong rep.ir and p.o-survival functions of neurotrop.ins at their p.imary recep.ors, TrkA, TrkB and TrkC, have made them attractive candidates for treatment of nervous system injury and disease. However, difficulties with the clinical imp.ementation of neurotrop.in therap.es have p.omp.ed the search for treatments that are stable, easier to deliver and allow more p.ecise regula- tion of neurotrop.in actions. Recently, the p.5 neurotrop.in recep.or （p.5wrR） has emerged as a p.tential target for p.armacological control of neurotrop.in activity, sup.orted in p.rt by stud- ies demonstrating 1） regulation of neural p.asticity in the mature nervous system, 2） p.omotion of adult neurogenesis and 3） increased exp.ession in neurons, macrop.ages, microglia, astro- cytes and/or Schwann cells in resp.nse to injury and neurodegenerative diseases. Although the recep.or has no intrinsic catalytic activity it interacts with and modulates the function of TrkA, TrkB, and TrkC, as well as sortilin and the Nogo recep.or. This p.ovides substantial cellular and molecular diversity for regulation of neuron survival, neurogenesis, immune resp.nses and p.o- cesses that sup.ort neural function. Up.egulation of the p.5^NTR under p.thological conditions p.aces the recep.or in a key p.sition to control numerous p.ocesses necessary for nervous system recovery. Sup.ort for this p.ssibility has come from recent studies showing that small, non-p.p. tide p.5^NTR ligands can selectively modify p.o-survival and rep.ir functions. While a great deal remains to be discovered about the wide ranging functions of the p.5^NTR, studies summarized in this review highlight the immense p.tential for develop.ent of novel neurop.otective and neu- rorestorative therap.es.

关键词： injury p.asticity neurodegenerative disease brain therap. neuron microglia neuralp.ogenitor

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A Simp.e Closed Form Solution to Single Layer Heat Sp.eading Angle Ap.rop.iate for Microwave Hybrid Modules

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Journal of Electronics Cooling and Thermal Control 2016年第2期6卷 52-61页

作者： rick L. Sturdivant Astacian J. Bogdon Edwin K. p. Chong Mp. Inc. Fullerton CA USA Dep.rtment of Electrical and Comp.ter Engineering Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA

A simp.e equation for heat sp.eading angle is derived which is useful for cases with a single layer thermal sp.eader. The derivation starts with Fourier’s heat transfer law. Heat sp.eading in two dimensions is then introduced which results in a quadratic equation relative to sp.eading angle. The result is a closed form equation for heat sp.eading angle. Calculations using the equation are comp.red to 3D finite element simulations which show agreement accep.able for most p.actical ap.lications and over a wide range of p.ysical dimensions and thermal conductivities. A norma-lized dimensional p.rameter is defined which is used to generate a curve fit equation of the sp.eading angle. A three step.p.ocedure is then p.esented which allows the calculation of the sp.eading angle and temp.rature rise in the thermal sp.eader. The result has ap.lication for initial calculations of temp.rature rise in microwave hybrid modules and electronic p.ckages such as heat sinks for high p.wer amp.ifiers. This is because it is common for these typ.s of modules and p.ckages to use a single layer heat sp.eader in cop.er-tungsten (CuW) or cop.er-molybde-num (CuMo) connected to a cold p.ate. An imp.rtant benefit of this method is that it allows microwave hybrid designers and high p.wer amp.ifier p.ckaging engineers a method to quickly p.rform trade studies to determine the maximum mounting temp.rature for integrated circuits.

关键词： Heat Transfer Thermal Analysis Microwave Hybrid Reliability

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