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Spatio-temporal evolution of Allium L. in the Qinghaie-Tibet-Plateau region: Immigration and in situ radiation

Plant Diversity 2017年第4期39卷 167-179页

作者： Frank Hauenschild Adrien Favre Jan Schnitzler ingo michalak Martin Freiberg Alexandra N. Muellner-Riehl Leipzig University Department of Molecular Evolution and Plant Systematics & Herbarium (LZ) Johannisallee 21-23 04103 Leipzig Germany Leipzig University Department of Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity Research Johannisallee 21-23 04103 Leipzig Germany German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDly) Halle-lena-Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5e 04103 Leipzig Germany

A plethora of studies investigating the origin and evolution of diverse mountain taxa has assumed a causal link between geological processes （orogenesis） and a biological response （diversification）. Yet, a substantial delay （up to 30 Myr） between the start of orogenesis and diversification is often observed. Evolutionary biologists should therefore identify alternative drivers of diversification and maintenance of biodiversity in mountain systems. Using phylogenetic, biogeographic, and diversification rate analyses, we could identify two independent processes that most likely explain the diversity of the widespread genus Allium in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau （QTP） region：（1） While the QTP-related taxa of the subgenus Melanocrommyum diversified in situ, （2） QTP-related taxa of other subgenera migrated into the QTP from multiple source areas. Furthermore, shifts in diversification rates within Allium could not be attributed spatially and temporally to the uplift history of the QTP region. Instead, global cooling and climate oscillations in the Quaternary were major contributors to increased speciation rates in three clades of AUium. Our study therefore adds to the growing evidence supporting the ＂mountain-geo-biodiversity hypothesis＂, which highlights the role of climate oscillations for the diversification of mountain organisms.

关键词： Allium Evolution Hengduan mountains Historical biogeography Molecular dating Qinghai-Tibet plateau

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Male mate choice in livebearing fishes： an overview

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Current Zoology 2018年第3期64卷 393-403页

作者： ingo SCHLUPP Department of Biology University of Oklahoma 730 Van Vleet Oval Norman OK 73019 USA

Although the majority of studies on mate choice focus on female mate choice, there is growing recognition of the role of male mate choice too. Male mate choice is tightly linked to 2 other phenomena： female competition for males and ornamentation in females. In the current article, I review the existing literature on this in a group of fishes, Poeciliidae. In this group, male mate choice appears to be based on differences in female quality, especially female size, which is a proxy for fecundity. Some males also have to choose between heterospecific and conspecific females in the unusual mating system of the Amazon molly. In this case, they typically show a preference for conspecific females. Whereas male mate choice is relatively well documented for this family, female ornamentation and female competition are not.

关键词： binary choice test fecundity female choice female size Gambusia guppy Poecilia preference function sexualselection Xiphophorus.

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Review of accelerator driven heavy ion nuclear fusion

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2018年第1期3卷 1-11页

作者： ingo Hofmann GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung GmbH Planckstr64291 DarmstadtGermany

Using high energy accelerators for energy production by nuclear fission goes back to the 1950's with plans for“breeder accelerators”as well as with early ideas on subcritical reactors,which are currently pursued in China and other ***,fusion came in,when the idea emerged in the mid 1970's to use accelerators and their highly time and space compressed beams in order to generate the extremely high density and temperatures required for inertial fusion energy *** to the higher repetition rates and efficiencies of accelerators,this was seen as a promising alternative to using high power *** an introduction to nuclear fission applications of accelerators,this review summarizes some of the scientific developments directed towards this challenging application e with focus on the European HIDIF-study-and outlines parameters of future high energy density experiments after construction of the FAIR/Germany and HIAF/China heavy ion accelerator projects.

关键词： repetition accelerator heavy

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Comparison of drug abuse in Germany and China

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2007年第10期28卷 1505-1518页

作者： ingo Ilja MICHELS Office of the Federal Drug Commissioner Federal Ministry of HealthBerlin 10117Germany

Drug abuse has a long,but also different history in Germany and *** War largely influenced the history of China in 19th century;however,China was once recognized as a drug-free nation for 3 decades from the 1950s tothe *** abuse has spread quickly since re-emerging as a national problemin China in the late *** number of registered drug abusers increased from70 000 in 1990 to more than 1 million by the end of *** past decades,illicit drugtrafficking and production have swept most provinces in China,and drug abusehas caused many problems for both abusers and the *** major drug-related problem is the spread of HIV,which has caused major social and economicdamage in ***,the largest developed European country,also facesthe drug and addiction *** has about 150 000 heroin addicts,forwhom HIV/AIDS has become a serious threat since the mid *** control thedrug problem,the German Government adopted the"Action Plan on Drugs andAddiction"in 2003;the China Central Government approved a similar regulationin the antidrug campaign in *** has experience in reducing drug-re-lated *** methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) program has run formore than 20 years and the public has become more tolerant of *** 2003,China began the MMT program for controlling the spread of HIV/*** isnecessary for China to learn from developed countries to acquire success in itsantidrug *** this review,we will go over the differences and similaritiesin drug abuse between Germany and *** differences are related to history,population and economics,drug policy context,drug laws,HIV/hepatitis C virusinfection,the MMT program and so *** 2 nations have drug abuse prob-lems with different histories and currently use different approaches to handleillicit drug marketing and *** legal penalties for illicit drug offences reflectthe social differences of these 2 nations with respect to the seriousness of parti

关键词： drug abuse methadone maintenance treatment heroin HIV/AIDS harm reduction comparison Germany China

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The Integration of Vacuum Brazing into Heat Treatment - A Progressive Combined Process

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材料热处理学报 2004年第5期25卷 597-600页

作者： ingo Reinkensmeier Henkjan Buursen Body cote Warmebehandlung GmbH Menden GermanyBodycote Warmebehandlung GmbH Diemen Netherlands

The continuous constructive challenge to improve the functionality and efficiency of components always results in higher demands on production engineering, against the background of the generally increasing cost pressure. In many cases, you will just succeed in producing competitive and innovative products by combining and coupling of different procedures to an independent (hybrid) technology. The use of hybrid procedures for metal joining and heat treatment of metallic materials finds more and more industrial fields of application. Modern vacuum lines with integrated pressurized gas quenching are considered high-performance and flexible means of production for brazing and heat treatment tasks as well in the turbine industry as in the mould making and tool manufacturing industry. In doing so, the heat treatment is coupled with the brazing cycle in a combined process so that the brazing temperatures and soak times are adapted to the necessary temperatures and times for solution heat treatment and austeniting. This user-oriented article describes on the one hand examples of brazing of turbine components, but above all the practical experience from the plastics processing industry, where the requirement for a high-efficient cooling of injection moulding dies gains more and more importance. The combined procedure "Vacuum Brazing and Hardening" offers plenty of possibilities to produce mould inserts with an efficient tempering system in an economic way.

关键词：真空焊接热处理金属连结气体流淬火

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Male mate choice, female competition, and female ornaments as components of sexual selection

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Current Zoology 2018年第3期64卷 321-322页

作者： ingo SCHLUPP Department of Biology University of Oklahoma Norman OK 73019-0390 USA

Choosing a mate is likely one of the most influential decisions any individual makes because it heavily influences their fitness. Going back all the way to the seminal work by Darwin （1871, 1859）, we mostly think of females as choosing mates, whereas males compete over mating opportunities with females. This view is very well supported, but somewhat incomplete. As Darwin struggled to find a good explanation for the existence of ornamental traits in males, he proposed Sexual Selection and along with that theory he suggested 2 mechanisms that could lead to and maintain such extreme traits： Female Choice and Male Competition. Historically, male competition was quickly accepted, whereas acceptance of female choice was delayed until much later, coinciding with the rise of modern feminism （Zuk 1993）.

关键词：配偶选择装饰品部件比赛装饰特点达尔文竞争不完全

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SMALL DATA SOLUTIONS OF 2-D QUASILINEAR WAVE EQUATIONS UNDER NULL CONDITIONS

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2018年第1期38卷 125-150页

作者：刘颖博 ingo WITT Department of Mathematics and IMS Nanjing University Department of Mathematics China Pharmaceutical University Mathematical Institute University of Gttingen

For the 2-D quasilinear wave equation （δt2-△x）u＋2∑i,j=0gij（δu）δiju=0 satisfying null condition or both null conditions, a blowup or global existence result has been shown by Alinhac. In this paper, we consider a more general 2-D quasilinear wave equation （δt2-△x）u＋2∑i,j=0gij（δu）δiju=0 satisfying null conditions with small initial data and the coefficients depending simultaneously on u and δu. Through construction of an approximate solution, combined with weighted energy integral method, a quasi-global or global existence solution are established by continuous induction.

关键词： global existence null condition weighted energy estimate continuous induction

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Foreign Direct Investment with Chinese Characteristics:A Middle Path Between Ownership-Location-Internalization Model and Linkage-Leverage-Learning Model

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Chinese Geographical Science 2013年第5期23卷 594-606页

作者： SI Yuefang ingo LIEFNER WANG Tao Department of Economic Geography Justus Liebig University Giessen School of Resource and Environment Science East China Normal University School of Geography Science Nanjing Normal University

The majority of multinational enterprises （MNEs） traditionally originate from developed countries. In the last ten years, however, there has been dramatic growth in foreign direct investment （FDI） from China. It is a comparatively new phenomenon that challenges the classic FDI theories. In this paper, we review the pros and cons of two important theories, known as the Owner- ship-Location-Internalization （0LI） model and Linkage-Leverage-Learning （LLL） model, and use the statistical data and company case studies from China to test the plausibility of these two models. We believe that neither of them suits totally： the OLI model is quite use- fill for understanding FDI from China to developing economies, while the LLL model is more powerful for explaining the FDI to de- veloped economies. We argue that the companies from China attain a very advantageous position as intermediates in the global economy They may catch up with the first movers if they integrate OLI-led and LLL-led FDI within one firm. This combination can bring to- gether the most advanced knowledge acquired in developed economies with the knowledge about adaptation needs and the needs for cost reduction in production as expressed in developing economies. It may also accelerate the knowledge transfer globally. We thus fill a gap in research into the geographical pattern of Chinese FDI and offer a deeper understanding of the internationalization of Chinese MNEs and revolving knowledge transfer.

关键词： outward foreign direct investment (FDI) 0wnership-Location-Internalization model Linkage-Leverage-Learning model China

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Preparation and Luminescent Properties of Eu 3+ Doped Calcium Phosphate Nanocrystalline

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2005年第B12期20卷 203-205页

作者：李世普 ingo Bauer Biomedical Materials and Engineering Center Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070China

The nanocrystalline Eu^3＋ doped calcium phosphate was prepared by calcining precursors, which were got by precipitation method combined with ultrasound treatment and some polysaccharide. The existence of Eu^3＋ inhibited the reaction of Na^＋ ion and SO4^2- radical with apatite and resulted in the transformation of HAP to β- TCP by replacing the calcium ions. The strongest excitation peak was at 393 nm, and other lower peaks were at 361 nm, 375 nm, 381 nm, 418nm. The strongest emission spectrum appeared at about 618nm. The emission peak （579 nm） showed that Eu^3＋ ions distributed on Ca^2＋ sites of the apatitic structure.

关键词： calcium phosphate nanocrystalline europium

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Generation of meaningful synthetic sensor data—Evaluated with a reliable transferability methodology

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Energy and AI 2024年第1期15卷 248-264页

作者： Michael Meiser Benjamin Duppe ingo Zinnikus Deutsches Forschungszentrum für künstliche Intelligenz(DFKI) Stuhlsatzenhausweg 3Saarbrücken66123SaarlandGermany

As households are equipped with smart meters,supervised Machine Learning(ML)models and especially Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring(NILM)disaggregation algorithms are becoming increasingly *** be robust,these models require a large amount of data,which is difficult to ***,the generation of meaningful synthetic data is becoming more *** use a simulation framework to generate multiple datasets using different techniques and evaluate their quality statistically by measuring the performance of NILM models for *** demonstrate that the method of data generation is crucial to train ML models in a meaningful *** experiments conducted reveal that adding noise to the synthetic smart meter data is essential to train robust NILM models for *** best results are obtained when this noise is derived from unknown appliances for which no ground truth data is *** we observed that NILM models can provide unstable results,we develop a reliable evaluation methodology,based on Cochran’s sample ***,we compare the quality of the generated synthetic data with real data and observe that multiple NILM models trained on synthetic data perform significantly better than those trained on real data.

关键词： Smart home Synthetic sensor data Energy data Transfer learning Evaluation methodology Machine learning Neural networks NILM Seq2point WindowGRU DAE Seq2seq RNN

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